Editing Immanuel Kant (section)

== Death and burial ==
Kant's health, long poor, worsened. He died at Königsberg on 12 February 1804, uttering ''Es ist gut'' ("It is good") before his death.<ref>Karl Vorländer, ''Immanuel Kant: Der Mann und das Werk'', Hamburg: Meiner, 1992, p. II 332.</ref> His unfinished final work was published as ''[[Opus Postumum]]''. Kant always cut a curious figure in his lifetime for his modest, rigorously scheduled habits, which have been referred to as clocklike. [[Heinrich Heine]] observed the magnitude of "his destructive, world-crushing thoughts" and considered him a sort of philosophical "executioner", comparing him to [[Maximilien Robespierre|Robespierre]] with the observation that both men "represented in the highest the type of provincial bourgeois. Nature had destined them to weigh coffee and sugar, but Fate determined that they should weigh other things and placed on the scales of the one a king, on the scales of the other a god."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://philosophy.uchicago.edu/resources/files/On%20Kant.pdf |title=Heine on Immanuel Kant |access-date=10 July 2015 |archive-date=23 November 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151123060538/http://philosophy.uchicago.edu/resources/files/On%20Kant.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

When his body was transferred to a new burial spot, his skull was measured during the exhumation and found to be larger than the average German male's with a "high and broad" forehead.<ref>''Examined Lives, From Socrates to Nietzsche'', James Miller p. 284</ref> His forehead has been an object of interest ever since it became well known through his portraits: "In Döbler's portrait and in Kiefer's faithful if expressionistic reproduction of it—as well as in many of the other late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century portraits of Kant—the forehead is remarkably large and decidedly retreating."<ref>Immanuel Kant and the Bo(a)rders of Art History Mark Cheetham, in ''The Subjects of Art History: Historical Objects in Contemporary Perspectives'', p. 16</ref>

[[File:Kaliningrad 05-2017 img05 Kant Island.jpg|upright|thumb|Kant's tomb in [[Kaliningrad]], Russia]]
Kant's [[mausoleum]] adjoins the northeast corner of [[Königsberg Cathedral]] in [[Kaliningrad]], Russia. The mausoleum was constructed by the architect [[Friedrich Lahrs]] and was finished in 1924, in time for the bicentenary of Kant's birth. Originally, Kant was buried inside the cathedral, but in 1880 his remains were moved to a [[neo-Gothic]] chapel adjoining the northeast corner of the cathedral. Over the years, the chapel became dilapidated and was demolished to make way for the mausoleum, which was built on the same location. The tomb and its mausoleum are among the few artifacts of German times preserved by the [[Soviets]] after they captured the city.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/zeitgeist/architectural-competition-held-to-rebuild-koenigsberg-city-center-a-980260.html|title=Resurrecting Königsberg: Russian City Looks to German Roots|last=Beyer|first=Susanne|date=25 July 2014|work=Spiegel Online|access-date=3 February 2018|archive-date=4 February 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180204192755/http://www.spiegel.de/international/zeitgeist/architectural-competition-held-to-rebuild-koenigsberg-city-center-a-980260.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Into the 21st century, many newlyweds bring flowers to the mausoleum. Artifacts previously owned by Kant, known as ''Kantiana'', were included in the [[Königsberg City Museum]]; however, the museum was destroyed during [[World War II]]. A replica of the statue of Kant that in German times stood in front of the main [[University of Königsberg]] building was donated by a German entity in the early 1990s and placed in the same grounds. After [[Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)|the expulsion]] of [[Königsberg]]'s German population at the end of [[World War II]], the University of Königsberg where Kant taught was replaced by the Russian-language Kaliningrad State University, which appropriated the campus and surviving buildings. In 2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of Russia.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Zieliński |first=Miłosz J. |date=2018 |title=Kant's Future: Debates about the Identity of Kaliningrad Oblast |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26644305 |journal=Slavic Review |volume=77 |issue=4 |pages=937–956 |doi=10.1017/slr.2018.291 |jstor=26644305 |issn=0037-6779|url-access=subscription }}</ref> The name change, which was considered a politically-charged issue due to the residents having mixed feelings about its German past,<ref>{{cite news |date=2 July 2005 |title=Kaliningrad Struggles With German Legacy |url=https://www.dw.com/en/kaliningrad-struggles-with-german-legacy/a-1635700 |access-date=23 April 2024 |work=DW News }}</ref> was announced at a ceremony attended by Russian president [[Vladimir Putin]] and German chancellor [[Gerhard Schröder]],<!--http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/33684/photos--><ref>{{cite news |last=Dempsey |first=Judy |date=1 July 2005 |title=Russian enclave lands in diplomatic donnybrook |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/01/world/europe/russian-enclave-lands-in-diplomatic-donnybrook.html |access-date=23 April 2024 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=3 July 2005 |title=Iran the Topic in Baltic Sea Meeting |url=https://www.dw.com/en/iran-the-topic-in-baltic-sea-meeting/a-1637921 |access-date=23 April 2024 |agency=Agence-France Press|via=DW News}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Ypi |first=Lea |date=20 April 2024 |title=Kant and the case for peace |url=https://www.ft.com/content/c7432bdc-3449-421e-8045-701ac16a3d07 |access-date=23 April 2024 |website=Financial Times |issn=0307-1766}}</ref> and the university formed a Kant Society, dedicated to the study of [[Kantianism]]. In 2010, the university was again renamed to [[Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University]].<ref>{{cite web |date=13 October 2010 |title=Executive order on establishing Immanuel Kant University |url=http://en.kremlin.ru/events/president/news/9234<!--http://eng.kremlin.ru/news/1131--> |access-date=23 April 2024 |website=President of Russia}}</ref>