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==== Human Rights Treaties ==== In 1966, the [[International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]] (ICCPR) and the [[International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights]] (ICESCR) were adopted by the United Nations, between them making the rights contained in the UDHR binding on all states.{{efn|This does not include the Vatican, which although recognised as an independent state, is not a member of the UN.}} They came into force only in 1976, when they were ratified by a sufficient number of countries (despite achieving the ICCPR, a covenant including no economic or social rights, the US only ratified the ICCPR in 1992).{{sfnp|Ball|Gready|2007|p=37}} The ICESCR commits 155 state parties to work toward the granting of economic, social, and cultural rights (ESCR) to individuals. {{clear}} Numerous other treaties ([[International human rights instruments|pieces of legislation]]) have been offered at the international level. They are generally known as ''human rights instruments''. Some of the most significant are: * [[Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide]] (adopted 1948, entry into force: 1951) [http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/p_genoci.htm unhchr.ch] * [[Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination]] (CERD) (adopted 1966, entry into force: 1969) [http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/d_icerd.htm unhchr.ch] * [[Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women]] (CEDAW) (entry into force: 1981) [http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/index.html Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women] * [[United Nations Convention Against Torture]] (CAT) (adopted 1984, entry into force: 1984)<ref>{{Cite web|title= Convention against Torture|url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/cat.aspx |date=10 December 1984 |access-date=14 August 2021|website=OHCHR |archive-date=27 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130327135059/http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CAT.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[Convention on the Rights of the Child]] (CRC) (adopted 1989, entry into force: 1989) [http://www.unicef.org/crc Convention on the Rights of the Child | UNICEF] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190426003630/https://www.unicef.org/crc/ |date=26 April 2019 }} * [[United Nations Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families|International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families]] (ICRMW) (adopted 1990) * [[Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court]] (ICC) (entry into force: 2002)
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