Editing Hugo Grotius (section)

===Arrest and exile===
[[File:Slot loevestein 1619.jpg|thumb|[[Loevestein]] Castle at the time of Grotius' imprisonment in 1618–21]]
{{main|Trial of Oldenbarnevelt, Grotius and Hogerbeets}}
As the conflict between civil and religious authorities escalated, in order to maintain civil order Oldenbarnevelt eventually proposed that local authorities be given the power to raise troops (the [[Sharp Resolution]] of August 4, 1617). Such a measure undermined the unity of the Republic's military force, the very same reason Spain had managed to retake so much lost territory in the 1580s, something the Captain-General of the republic, [[Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange]] could not allow with the treaty nearing its end.{{citation needed|date=June 2015}} Maurice seized the opportunity to solidify the preeminence of the [[Gomarist]]s, whom he had supported, and to eliminate the nuisance he perceived in Oldenbarnevelt (the latter had previously brokered the [[Twelve Years' Truce]] with Spain in 1609 against Maurice's wishes). During this time Grotius made another attempt to address ecclesiastical politics by completing ''De Imperio Summarum Potestatum circa Sacra'', on "the relations between the religious and secular authorities...Grotius had even cherished hopes that publication of this book would turn the tide and bring back peace to church and state".{{sfn|Van Dam|1994}}

[[File:Fredrik-Duim-De-vlugt-van-Huig-de-Groot MG 1299.tif|thumb|left|upright|Grotius' escape from [[Loevestein]] Castle in 1621]]

The conflict between Maurice and the States of Holland, led by Oldenbarnevelt and Grotius, about the Sharp Resolution and Holland's refusal to allow a National Synod, came to a head in July 1619 when a majority in the States General authorized Maurice to disband the auxiliary troops in Utrecht. Grotius went on a mission to the States of Utrecht to stiffen their resistance against this move, but Maurice prevailed. The States General then authorized him to arrest Oldenbarnevelt, Grotius and [[Rombout Hogerbeets]] on 29 August 1618. They were tried by a court of delegated judges from the States General. Van Oldenbarnevelt was sentenced to death and was beheaded in 1619. Grotius was sentenced to life imprisonment and transferred to Loevestein Castle.{{sfn|Israel|1995}}

From his imprisonment in Loevestein, Grotius made a written justification of his position "as to my views on the power of the Christian [civil] authorities in ecclesiastical matters, I refer to my...booklet ''De Pietate Ordinum Hollandiae'' and especially to an unpublished book ''De Imperio summarum potestatum circa sacra'', where I have treated the matter in more detail...I may summarize my feelings thus: that the [civil] authorities should scrutinize God's Word so thoroughly as to be certain to impose nothing which is against it; if they act in this way, they shall in good conscience have control of the public churches and public worship&nbsp;– but without persecuting those who err from the right way."{{sfn|Van Dam|1994}} Because this stripped Church officials of any power some of their members (such as [[Johannes Althusius]] in a letter to Lubbertus) declared Grotius' ideas diabolical.{{sfn|Van Dam|1994}}

[[File:WLANL - Pachango - Slot Loevestein - Boekenkist van Hugo de Groot.jpg|thumb|A book chest exhibited at [[Loevestein]], presumed to be that in which Grotius escaped in 1621]]

In 1621, with the help of his wife and his maidservant, [[Elsje van Houwening]], Grotius managed to escape the castle in a book chest and fled to [[Paris]]. In the Netherlands today, he is mainly famous for this daring escape. Both the [[Rijksmuseum]] in [[Amsterdam]] and the museum [[Prinsenhof|Het Prinsenhof]] in Delft claim to have the original book chest in their collection.{{sfn|Slot Loevestein|2019}}