Editing History of Martinique (section)

==Napoleonic Wars==
Six years later, in 1800, [[Jean Kina]], an ex-slave from [[Saint Domingue]] and aide-de-camp to a British officer, fled to Morne Lemaître and called on free blacks and slaves to join him in a rebellion in support of the rights of the free blacks against the Royalist government. When Kina's small force marched on [[Fort-Royal]], British troops quickly responded and negotiated his surrender in return for amnesty. The British transported Kina to England, where they held him in [[Newgate Prison]].

In 1802, the British returned the island to the French under the [[Treaty of Amiens]]. [[Napoleon|Napoléon Bonaparte]] reinstated slavery in the French colonies, though in Martinique it had never been abolished in practice, due to the British occupation. In 1796, he had married Martiniquan [[Joséphine de Beauharnais]] and in 1804 she became Empress of France.

During the [[Napoleonic Wars]], in 1804 the British established a fort at [[Diamond Rock]], outside Fort de France, and garrisoned it with some 120 sailors and five cannons. The [[Royal Navy]] commissioned the fort ''HMS Diamond Rock'' and from there were able for 17 months to harass vessels coming into the port. The French eventually sent a fleet of sixteen vessels that retook the island after a fierce bombardment.

The British again [[Invasion of Martinique (1809)|captured Martinique in 1809]], and held it until 1814. In 1813, a hurricane killed 3,000 people in Martinique. During Napoleon's [[Hundred Days]] in 1815, he abolished the [[History of slavery|slave trade]]. At the same time the British briefly re-occupied Martinique. The British, who had abolished the slave trade in their empire in 1807, forced Napoleon's successor, [[Louis XVIII of France|Louis XVIII]] to retain the proscription, though it did not become truly effective until 1831.