Editing Hippie (section)

===1967: Human Be-In, Summer of Love, and popularity surge===
{{Main|Summer of Love}}
[[File:Junction of Haight and Ashbury.jpg|thumb|upright|Junction of Haight and Ashbury Streets, San Francisco, celebrated as the central location of the Summer of Love]]

On January 14, 1967, the outdoor [[Human Be-In]] organized by [[Michael Bowen (artist)|Michael Bowen]]<ref>"Chronology of San Francisco Rock 1965-1969"</ref> helped to popularize hippie culture across the United States, with 20,000 to 30,000 hippies gathering in San Francisco's Golden Gate Park.

On March 26, 1967, [[Lou Reed]], [[Edie Sedgwick]] and 10,000 hippies came together in [[Manhattan]] for the [[Central Park Be-In]] on [[Easter Sunday]].<ref>{{citation|last=DeCurtis|first=Anthony|date=July 12, 2007|title=New York|magazine=Rolling Stone|issue=1030/1031}} For additional sources, see:<br />– {{citation|last=McNeill|first=Don|url=https://www.villagevoice.com/2010/02/05/the-1967-central-park-be-in-a-medieval-pageant/|title=Central Park Rite is Medieval Pageant|work=The Village Voice|date=March 30, 1967|pages=1, 20}}<br />– {{citation|last=Weintraub|first=Bernard|title=Easter: A Day of Worship, a "Be-In" or just Parading in the Sun"|work=The New York Times|date=March 27, 1967|pages=1, 24}}<br />– {{citation|title=Be-In, be-in, Being|first=Don|last=McNeill|date=2017|orig-date=March 30, 1967|work=The Village Voice|url= http://www.villagevoice.com/specials/0543,50thmcneill,69181,31.html|access-date=2008-04-18|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080128161935/http://www.villagevoice.com/specials/0543,50thmcneill,69181,31.html|archive-date=January 28, 2008|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The KFRC [[Fantasy Fair and Magic Mountain Music Festival]] from June 10–11, and the [[Monterey Pop Festival]] from June 16–18, introduced the music of the counterculture - and the new concept of a rock festival - to a wide audience, and marked the start of the "Summer of Love".<ref name="Dudley_2000_254">{{harvnb|Dudley|2000|pp=254}}.</ref>

[[Scott McKenzie]]'s rendition of [[John Phillips (musician)|John Phillips]]' song "[[San Francisco (Be Sure to Wear Flowers in Your Hair)|San Francisco]]" became a hit in the United States and Europe. The lyrics, "If you're going to San Francisco, be sure to wear some flowers in your hair", inspired thousands of young people from all over the world to travel to San Francisco, sometimes wearing flowers in their hair and distributing flowers to passersby, earning them the name "[[flower child|Flower Children]]". Bands like the [[Grateful Dead]], [[Big Brother and the Holding Company]] (with [[Janis Joplin]]), and [[Jefferson Airplane]] lived in the Haight.

{{Quote_box
| width = 30%
| align = left
| quote = According to the hippies, LSD was the glue that held the Haight together. It was the hippie sacrament, a mind detergent capable of washing away years of social programming, a re-imprinting device, a consciousness-expander, a tool that would push us up the evolutionary ladder.
| source = [[Jay Stevens]]<ref name="Stevens_1998_xiv">{{harvnb|Stevens|1998|p=xiv}}.</ref>
}}

In June 1967, [[Herb Caen]] was approached by "a distinguished magazine"<ref name="Caen" /> to write about why hippies were attracted to San Francisco. He declined the assignment but interviewed hippies in the Haight for his own newspaper column in the ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]''. Caen determined that, "Except in their music, they couldn't care less about the approval of the straight world."<ref name="Caen" /> Caen himself felt that the city of San Francisco was so straight that it provided a visible contrast with hippie culture.<ref name="Caen">SFGate.com. Archive. Herb Caen, June 25, 1967. [http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/05/31/PK6016S108.DTL ''Small thoughts at large'']. Retrieved on June 4, 2009.</ref>

On July 7, 1967 ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine featured a cover story entitled "The Hippies: The Philosophy of a Subculture." The article described the guidelines of the hippie code:

{{blockquote | Do your own thing, wherever you have to do it and whenever you want. Drop out. Leave society as you have known it. Leave it utterly. Blow the mind of every straight person you can reach. Turn them on, if not to drugs, then to beauty, love, honesty, fun.}}<ref name="Marty_1997_125">{{harvnb|Marty|1997|pp=125}}.</ref>

It is estimated that around 100,000 people traveled to San Francisco in the summer of 1967. The media was right behind them, casting a spotlight on the Haight-Ashbury district and popularizing the "hippie" label. With this increased attention, hippies found support for their ideals of love and peace but were also criticized for their anti-work, pro-drug, and permissive ethos.{{citation needed|date=September 2011}}

{{external media
| float  = right
| width  = 300px
| topic  = Death of Hippie<br />sunrise, October 6, 1967
| image1 = [https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/the-death-of-the-hippie-san-francisco-california-more-than-news-photo/515036038 Hippies parade, at Haight and Ashbury, carrying a symbolic casket. (North-east)]<ref>{{citation |title=Death of Hippie: An end to the Summer of Love |url=https://exhibits.library.ucsc.edu/exhibits/show/love-on-haight/death-of-hippie |website=· Love on Haight: The Grateful Dead and San Francisco in 1967 |publisher=Digital Exhibits UCSC Library |access-date=20 January 2021 |quote=Sign reads: "Funeral Notice: HIPPIE. In the Haight Ashbury District of this city. Hippie, devoted son of Mass Media. Friends are invited to attend service beginning at sunrise, October 6, 1967 at Buena Vista Park."}}</ref>
| image2 =  [https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/san-francisco-california-some-100-hippies-hold-rites-news-photo/515036092 Hippies parade, at Haight and Ashbury, carrying a symbolic casket. (East)]
| image3 = [https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/the-beatles-lead-guitar-player-george-harrison-strums-a-news-photo/515035734 George Harrison strums a borrowed guitar, followed by hippies. . Harrison spent an hour touring the Haight-Ashbury, before this stroll through Golden Gate Park.]
}}{{Listen
| filename     = 
| title        = "Within You Without You"
| description  = The song "[[Within You Without You]]" by [[the Beatles]] was written by [[George Harrison]] in 1967 for the band's eighth studio album ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]''. The song was embraced by the hippie movement for its use of elements found in [[Hinduism]] and [[Indian classical music]].
| pos          = left
}}
At this point, [[the Beatles]] had released their groundbreaking album ''[[Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]]'', which was quickly embraced by the hippie movement with its colorful psychedelic sonic imagery.<ref>''Sgt. Pepper and the Beatles: It Was Forty Years Ago Today'', Julien, Olivier. Ashgate, 2009. {{ISBN|978-0754667087}}.</ref>

In 1967 [[Chet Helms]] brought the Haight Ashbury hippie and psychedelic scene to [[Denver]], when he opened [[the Family Dog Denver]], modeled on his [[Avalon Ballroom]] in San Francisco. The music venue created a nexus for the hippie movement in the western-minded Denver, which led to serious conflicts with city leaders, parents and the police, who saw the hippie movement as dangerous. The resulting legal actions and pressure caused Helms and Bob Cohen to close the venue at the end of that year.<ref>{{Citation|date=August 16, 2017|title=The Mystery of the Family Dog, Denver's Most Storied Rock Venue|url=https://www.westword.com/music/the-tale-of-the-dog-tells-the-story-of-the-family-dog-the-rock-venue-9369088|website=[[Westword]]}}</ref>

By the end of the summer, the Haight-Ashbury scene had deteriorated. The incessant media coverage led [[Diggers (theater)|the Diggers]] to declare the "death" of the hippie with a parade.<ref>{{Citation|first=Barry |last=Miles|year=2003 |title=Hippie|publisher=Sterling Press|isbn=1-4027-1442-4|pages=210–211}}</ref><ref>{{Citation
  | title = October Sixth Nineteen Hundred and Sixty Seven
  | publisher = San Francisco Diggers
  | date = October 6, 1967
  | url = http://www.diggers.org/free_city_news_sheets.htm
  | access-date =2007-08-31
}}</ref><ref name="Bodroghkozy">{{Citation|last=Bodroghkozy|first=Aniko|title=Groove Tube: Sixties Television and the Youth Rebellion|publisher=[[Duke University Press]]|year=2001|page=[https://archive.org/details/groovetubesixtie00bodr/page/92 92]|isbn=0-8223-2645-0|url=https://archive.org/details/groovetubesixtie00bodr/page/92}}</ref> According to poet Susan 'Stormi' Chambless, the hippies buried an effigy of a hippie in the [[Panhandle (San Francisco)|Panhandle]] to demonstrate the end of his/her reign. Haight-Ashbury could not accommodate the influx of crowds (mostly naive youngsters) with no place to live. Many took to living on the street, panhandling and drug-dealing. There were problems with malnourishment, disease, and drug addiction. Crime and violence skyrocketed. None of these trends reflected what the hippies had envisioned.<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.hippiedictionary.com/excerpts.html |title=The Hippie Dictionary, about the 60s and 70s |website=Hippiedictionary.com |access-date=2012-11-21}}</ref> 
By the end of 1967, many of the hippies and musicians who initiated the Summer of Love had moved on. Beatle [[George Harrison]] had once visited Haight-Ashbury and found it to be just a haven for dropouts, inspiring him to give up LSD.<ref>{{Citation|url=http://www.sfgate.com/news/article/George-Harrison-dies-after-long-fight-with-cancer-2848664.php|title=George Harrison dies after long fight with cancer|work=SFGate|access-date=2017-10-26}}</ref> Misgivings about the hippie culture, particularly with regard to substance use and lenient morality, fueled the [[moral panic]]s of the late 1960s.<ref>{{Citation
 |last=Muncie
 |first=John
 |title=Youth & Crime
 |publisher=[[SAGE Publications]]
 |page=176
 |year=2004
 |url=http://www.sagepub.co.uk/booksProdDesc.nav?prodId=Book225374
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070509025244/http://www.sagepub.co.uk/booksProdDesc.nav?prodId=Book225374
 |url-status=dead
 |archive-date=2007-05-09
 |isbn=0-7619-4464-8
}}</ref>