Editing Hebrew Bible (section)

=== Narrative ===
The Tanakh begins with the [[Genesis creation narrative]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Collins |first=John J. |title=Introduction to the Hebrew Bible |publisher=Fortress Press |year=2018 |isbn=978-1-5064-4598-4 |edition=3rd |place=Minneapolis, US |page=13 |author-link=John J. Collins}}</ref> Genesis 12–50 traces Israelite origins to the [[Patriarchs (Bible)|patriarchs]]: [[Abraham]], his son [[Isaac]], and grandson [[Jacob]]. God promises Abraham and his descendants blessing and land. The covenant God makes with Abraham is signified by [[Brit milah|male circumcision]]. The children of Jacob become the ancestors of the [[Twelve Tribes of Israel|twelve tribes of Israel]]. Jacob's son [[Joseph (Genesis)|Joseph]] is sold into slavery by his brothers, but he becomes a powerful man in Egypt. During a famine, Jacob and his family settle in Egypt.<ref>{{cite book |last=Carr |first=David M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p08lEAAAQBAJ |title=The Hebrew Bible: A Contemporary Introduction to the Christian Old Testament and the Jewish Tanakh |publisher=Wiley Blackwell |year=2021 |isbn=9781119636670 |edition=2nd |pages=52–53 |author-link=David M. Carr}}</ref>

Jacob's descendants lived in Egypt for 430 years. After [[the Exodus]], the Israelites wander in the wilderness for 40 years.{{Sfn|Collins|2018|p=13}} God gives the Israelites the [[Law of Moses]] to guide their behavior. The law includes rules for both religious ritual and ethics {{Crossreference|(see [[Ethics in the Bible]])}}. This moral code requires justice and care for the poor, widows, and orphans. The biblical story affirms God's unconditional love for his people, but he still punishes them when they fail to live by the covenant.<ref>{{cite book |last=Goodman |first=Martin |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofjudaism0000good_z2n1 |title=A History of Judaism |publisher=Penguin Books |year=2017 |isbn=978-1-846-14155-3 |page=38 |author-link=Martin Goodman (historian) |url-access=registration}}</ref>

God leads Israel into the [[Promised Land]] of [[Canaan]],{{Sfn|Goodman|2017|p=38}} which they conquer after five years. For the next 470 years, the Israelites were led by [[Hebrew Bible judges|judges]].{{Sfn|Collins|2018|p=13}} In time, a new enemy emerged called the [[Philistines]]. They continued to trouble Israel when the prophet [[Samuel]] was judge (1 Samuel 4:1–7:1). When Samuel grew old, the people requested that he choose a king because Samuel's sons were corrupt and they wanted to be like other nations ([[1 Samuel 8]]). The Tanakh presents this negatively as a rejection of God's kingship; nevertheless, God permits it, and [[Saul]] of the [[tribe of Benjamin]] is [[anointed]] king. This inaugurates the united monarchy of the [[Kingdom of Israel (united monarchy)|Kingdom of Israel]].{{Sfn|Carr|2021|p=62}}

An officer in Saul's army named [[David]] achieves great militarily success. Saul tries to kill him out of jealousy, but David successfully escapes (1 Samuel 16–29). After Saul dies fighting the Philistines ([[1 Samuel 31]]; [[2 Chronicles 10]]), the kingdom is divided between his son [[Ish-bosheth|Eshbaal]] and David (David ruled his [[tribe of Judah]] and Eshbaal ruled the rest). After Eshbaal's assassination, David was anointed king over all of Israel ([[2 Samuel]] 2–5).{{Sfn|Carr|2021|p=63}}

David captures the [[Jebusites|Jebusite]] city of [[Jerusalem]] ([[2 Samuel 5]]:6–7) and makes it his capital. Jerusalem's location between Judah in the southern hills and the northern Israelite tribes made it an ideal location from which to rule over all the tribes. He further increased Jerusalem's importance by bringing the [[Ark of the Covenant]] there from [[Shiloh (biblical city)|Shiloh]] ([[2 Samuel 6]]).{{Sfn|Carr|2021|p=60}} David's son [[Solomon]] built the [[Solomon's Temple|First Temple]] in Jerusalem.{{Sfn|Collins|2018|p=13}}

After Solomon's death, the united kingdom split into the [[Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)|northern Kingdom of Israel]] (also known as the Kingdom of Samaria) with its capital at [[Samaria (ancient city)|Samaria]] and the southern [[Kingdom of Judah]] with its capital at Jerusalem.{{Sfn|Goodman|2017|p=23}} The Kingdom of Samaria survived for 200 years until it was conquered by the [[Neo-Assyrian Empire|Assyrians]] in 722&nbsp;BCE. The Kingdom of Judah survived for longer, but it was conquered by the [[Neo-Babylonian Empire|Babylonians]] in 586&nbsp;BCE. The Temple was destroyed, and many Judeans were [[Babylonian captivity|exiled to Babylon]]. In 539&nbsp;BCE, Babylon was conquered by [[Cyrus the Great in the Bible|Cyrus the Great]] of Persia, who allowed the exiles to [[Return to Zion|return to Judah]]. Between 520 and 515&nbsp;BCE, the Temple was rebuilt {{Crossreference|(see [[Second Temple]])}}.{{Sfn|Collins|2018|pp=13–14}}