Editing Gloucester (section)

===Early modern era to contemporary period===
[[File:Ancient Gloucester from Speed's map of 1610 and Hall & Pinnell, ex Fosbroke.jpg|thumb|''Ancient Gloucester'' from Speed's map of 1610 with fortifications from Hall & Pinnell, ex [[Thomas Dudley Fosbroke|Fosbroke]]'s history (contains inaccuracies)<ref>Fosbroke, Thomas Dudley. (1819) ''[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc2.ark:/13960/t9x06cq2v;view=1up;seq=15 An Original History of the City of Gloucester &c] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503115725/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc2.ark%3A%2F13960%2Ft9x06cq2v;view=1up;seq=15|date=3 May 2021}}''. London: John Nichols. p. viii.</ref>]]

The city's charter was confirmed in 1489 and 1510, and other charters of incorporation were received by Gloucester from [[Elizabeth I of England|Queen Elizabeth I]] and [[James I of England|King James I]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Medieval Gloucester: Town government, 1483–1547 Pages 54–57 A History of the County of Gloucester: Volume 4, the City of Gloucester. |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/glos/vol4/pp54-57 |website=British History Online |publisher=Victoria County History |access-date=19 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170302144800/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/glos/vol4/pp54-57 |archive-date=2 March 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Queen Mary I of England|Princess Mary]] visited Gloucester in September 1525 accompanied by her ladies and gentlewomen. She was met by the Mayor, [[John Rawlins (MP)|John Rawlins]], at [[Quedgeley]].<ref>''Historical Manuscripts Commission, 12th Report, Appendix 9: Gloucester'' (London, 1891), pp. 442–3.</ref> Her father [[Henry VIII]] and his then Queen, [[Anne Boleyn]], visited in July 1535.<ref>{{cite web |title=Medieval Gloucester: Crown and Borough, Military History Pages 18–22 A History of the County of Gloucester: Volume 4, the City of Gloucester. |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/glos/vol4/pp18-22#p11 |website=British History Online |access-date=10 June 2023 |archive-date=10 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610124556/https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/glos/vol4/pp18-22#p11 |url-status=live }}</ref> They used Gloucester as a base for hunting trips to [[Painswick]], [[Coberley]], and [[Miserden]]. They left Gloucester for [[Leonard Stanley]], on their way to [[Berkeley Castle]].<ref>''Historical Manuscripts Commission, 12th Report, Appendix 9: Gloucester'' (London, 1891), p. 444.</ref>

Gloucester was the site of the execution by burning of [[John Hooper (bishop)|John Hooper]], Bishop of Gloucester, in the time of [[Mary I of England|Queen Mary]] in 1555. In 1580, Gloucester was awarded the status of a [[port]] by Queen Elizabeth I.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/gloucestershire/content/articles/2005/07/04/coast05walks_stage3.shtml |title=Point 3 – Gloucester Quay |work=BBC News |date=28 October 2014 |access-date=30 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161212122900/http://www.bbc.co.uk/gloucestershire/content/articles/2005/07/04/coast05walks_stage3.shtml |archive-date=12 December 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The 16th and 17th centuries saw the foundation of two of Gloucester's grammar schools: [[the Crypt School]] in 1539 and [[Sir Thomas Rich's School]] in 1666. Both still flourish as grammar schools today, along with [[Ribston Hall High School|Ribston Hall]] and [[Denmark Road High School]].

During the [[English Civil War]], the fall of nearby Bristol encouraged the reinforcement of the existing town defences. The [[siege of Gloucester]] commenced in 1643 in which the besieged parliamentarians emerged victorious. The Royalist's plan of bombardment and tunnelling to the east gate failed due to the inadequacy of the Royalist artillery and the besieged sniping and conducting artillery fire on the Royalist encampment.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Day |first=Jon |url= |title=Gloucester and Newbury, 1643: The Turning Point of the Civil War |publisher=Pen & Sword Military |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-84415-591-0 |location=Barnsley |pages=65–66, 107–109, 136–140 |language=en |oclc=137313537}}</ref>
[[File:West_prospect_of_Gloucester_by_Kip,_c.1725..jpg|left|thumb|[[Jan Kip and Leonard Knyff|Jan Kip]]'s West prospect of Gloucester, c.&nbsp;1725, emphasises the causeway and bridges traversing the water meadows of the floodplain.]]
By the mid-17th century, only the gatehouse and keep of [[Gloucester Castle]] remained, the latter of which was being used as a gaol until it was deemed unsuitable and demolished in the late 1780s. By 1791, the [[HM Prison Gloucester|new gaol]] was completed leaving no trace of the former castle.<ref name="bho">{{cite web |last=Herbert |first=N. M. |year=1988 |title='Gloucester: The castle', in A History of the County of Gloucester: Volume 4, the City of Gloucester |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/glos/vol4/pp245-247 |access-date=19 September 2019 |publisher=British History Online |pages=245–247 |location=London}}</ref>

[[File:Map of Glocester (Gloucester) drawn and engraved under the direction of Edward Wedlake Brayley.jpg|thumb|Map of Gloucester in 1805]]

In the 19th century, the city grew with new buildings including [[Wellington Parade]] and the Grade II [[Listed building|listed]] Picton House (c. 1825).<ref>{{NHLE|num= 1245437|desc=Picton House|access-date=19 April 2019}}</ref>

The [[1896 Gloucester smallpox epidemic]] affected some 2000 residents.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lillywhite |first=Maisie |date=28 February 2021 |title=Epidemic that gripped Victorian Gloucester 125 years before Covid |url=https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/news/gloucester-news/epidemic-gripped-victorian-gloucester-came-5038513 |access-date=10 May 2022 |website=GloucestershireLive |language=en |archive-date=1 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301070833/https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/news/gloucester-news/epidemic-gripped-victorian-gloucester-came-5038513 |url-status=live }}</ref>

During the Second World War, two petroleum storage depots were constructed in Gloucester. A Government Civil Storage depot with six 4,000-ton semi-buried tanks was constructed on the [[Gloucester and Sharpness Canal|Berkeley Canal]] in 1941/42 by [[Shell-Mex and BP]] and connected to the pipeline that ran from the Mersey to the Avon. It was also connected to the Air Force Reserve Depot and a Shell Mex and BP facility for road and rail loading. Due to severe tank corrosion, it was demolished in 1971/2 and disposed of in 1976. The second depot was an Air Force Reserve Depot with four 4,000-ton semi-buried tanks constructed in 1941/42 by Shell, Shell-Mex and BP at the Monk Meadow Dock on the Canal. Originally, delivery was by road, rail and barge and pipeline. It was also connected to the docks and to the Shell Mex and BP installation for rail and road loading facilities and the civil storage site. It was transferred from the Air Ministry to the Ministry of Power in 1959, closed in the 1990s and disposed of in the later 2000s.<ref>Whittle, Tim: ''Fuelling the Wars – PLUTO and the Secret Pipeline Network 1936 to 2015'', 2017, {{ISBN|9780992855468}}, p. 213.</ref>

Gloucester's most important citizens include [[Robert Raikes]] (founder of the [[Sunday School]] movement) who is still commemorated by the name of [[Robert Raikes' House]] in Southgate Street. Its most infamous citizen was [[Fred West]].

In [[2007 United Kingdom Floods|July 2007]], Gloucester was hit badly by a [[Summer 2007 United Kingdom floods#Gloucestershire|flood]] that struck Gloucestershire and its surrounding areas. Hundreds of homes were flooded, but the event was most memorable because of its wider impact&nbsp;– about 40,000 people were without power for 24 hours, and the entire city (plus surrounding areas) was without piped water for 17 days.

In 2009, [[Gloucester Day]] was revived as an annual day of celebration of Gloucester's history and culture. The day originally dates from the lifting of the Siege of Gloucester in 1643, during which the city held out against Royalist forces during the [[First English Civil War]].<ref name=bbc1>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/gloucestershire/8239588.stm "Tradition revived for city pride"], BBC News, 5 September 2009. Retrieved 11 September 2011.</ref>