Editing Glossary of Islam (section)

==F==
; Fadl: divine grace
; [[Fajarah]] ({{lang|ar|فجرة}}) (also fujjār ({{lang|ar|فجّار}})): Wicked evil doers. Plural of "fājir" ({{lang|ar|فاجر}}).
; [[fajr]] ({{lang|ar|فجر}}): dawn, early morning, and the morning prayer. The time of the day when there is light in the horizon before sunrise.
; [[Falah|{{Transliteration|sem|Falāḥ}}]] ({{lang|ar|فلاح}}): deliverance, salvation, well-being.
; Falsafah ({{lang|ar|فلسفة}}): "philosophy" The methods and content of Greek philosophy which were brought into Islam. A person who tries to interpret Islam through rationalist philosophy was called a faylasuf ({{lang|ar|فيلسوف}}), "philosopher".
; [[Fanaa (Sufism)|{{Transliteration|sem|Fanā'}}]] ({{lang|ar|فناء}}) : [[Sufism|Sufi]] term meaning extinction – a spiritual death of the lower self (Nafs) with associated bad characteristics. Having no existence outside of God.
; [[Faqīh]] ({{lang|ar|فقيه}})(pl. fuqahāʾ)({{lang|ar|فقهاء}}) : One who has a deep understanding of Islam, its laws, and jurisprudence. (see '''''fiqh''''')
; Al-Faraj ({{lang|ar|الفرج}}): the return of the Shia Mahdi
; [[Fard|{{Transliteration|sem|Farḍ}}]] ({{lang|ar|فرض}}), plural furūḍ ({{lang|ar|فروض}}) : a religious duty, or an obligatory action: ''praying 5 times a day is fard.'' Neglecting a fard will result in a punishment in the hereafter. (See [[wajib]])
; Farḍ ʿain ( {{lang|ar|عين}}): obligatory on every individual Muslim to aid in any way he can.
; Farḍ kifāyah ({{lang|ar|كفاية}}): an obligation on the Muslim community as a whole, from which some are freed if others take it up such as for jihad.
; [[Fasid|Fāsid]] ({{lang|ar|فاسد}}): corrupt, invalid/violable (in Islamic finance)
; [[Fasiq|Fāsiq]] ({{lang|ar|فاسق}}): anyone who has violated Islamic law; usually refers to one whose character has been corrupted (plural "fāsiqūn"); in the Quran it refers to unbelievers who derided God for using similes and parables (in the Quran).<ref name=Timani-2017-19>{{cite book |last1=Timani |first1=Hussam S. |title=Taqfir in Islamic Thought |page=19 |publisher=Lexington Books |date=November 8, 2017 |isbn=9780739194263 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=z6A4DwAAQBAJ&dq=takfir&pg=PR11 |access-date=23 December 2020}}</ref>
; [[Al-Fatiha|Fātiḥa]] ({{lang|ar|الفاتحة}}): the short, opening sura of the Qur'an, which begins "In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Praise be to God, the Lord of the Worlds..." These words hold an important place in Muslim liturgies and forms the core of the salat.
; [[Fatwa|Fatwā]] ({{lang|ar|فتوى}}) : a non-binding legal opinion of a scholar ([[ulema|alim]]). However, binding on him for those who follow his [[taqlid]]
; Fī ʾAmān allāh ({{lang|ar|في أمان الله}}): "In the protection of God". Said when a person departs. Cf. [[Aman (Islam)|''aman'']].
; [[Fiqh]] ({{lang|ar|فقه}}) : [[jurisprudence]] built around the [[shariah]] by custom ([[al-urf]]). Literally means "deep understanding", refers to understanding the Islamic laws. (see '''''faqih''''')
; [[Fi sabilillah|Fī sabīl allāh]] ({{lang|ar|في سبيل الله}}): for the sake of Allah; common Islamic expression for performing acts such as charity or [[Jihad]] 
; [[Fitna (word)|Fitna]] (pl. fitan) ({{lang|ar|فتنة}}) : ''trial'' or ''[[tribulation]]''; also refers to any period of disorder, such as a civil war, or the period of time before the [[eschatology|end of the world]] or any civil strife.

Fitnah:
(n) temptation, discord, civil war, trial

; [[Fitrah|{{Transliteration|sem|Fiṭrah}}]] ({{lang|ar|فطرة}}): innate disposition towards virtue, knowledge, and beauty. Muslims believe every child is born with fitrah.
; Furqān ({{lang|ar|فرقان}}): the criterion (of right and wrong, true and false); for example, the Qur'an as furqan.
; Fuwaysiqah ({{lang|ar|فويسقة}}): vermin, evil from the root fasaqa meaning to deviate from the right way