Editing Glam metal (section)

==== Second wave (1986–1991) ====
By the mid-late 1980s, glam metal had begun to achieve major mainstream success in America with many of these bands' music videos appearing on heavy rotation on MTV, often at the top of the channel's daily dial countdown, and some of the bands appeared on the channel's shows such as ''[[Headbangers Ball]]'', which became one of the most popular programs with over 1.3 million views a week.<ref name=Walser1993>R. Walser, ''Running with the Devil: Power, Gender, and Madness in Heavy Metal Music'' (Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 1993), {{ISBN|0-8195-6260-2}}, p. 13.</ref><ref name=Marshall2001>C. Marshall, "Where do all the Videos Go?", ''Billboard'', vol. 113, No. 25 June 23, 2001, {{ISSN|0006-2510}}, p. 32.</ref> The groups also received heavy rotation on radio stations such as [[KNAC]] in Los Angeles.<ref name=Moses&Kaye1999>M. Moses and D. Kaye, "What did you do in the war daddy?", ''Billboard'', vol. 111, no. 23, 5 June 1999, {{ISSN|0006-2510}}, p. 82.</ref>

Another significant year for glam metal was 1986. [[Bon Jovi]] put out ''[[Slippery When Wet]]'' in that year, which was one of the most commercially significant releases of the era. The album mixed metal with a pop sensibility and spent a total of eight weeks atop the [[Billboard 200|''Billboard'' 200]] album chart, selling over 15 million copies in the United States. It became the first hard rock album to spawn three top ten singles, two of which reached number one.<ref>L. Flick, "Bon Jovi bounce back from tragedy", ''Billboard'', 28 September 2002, vol. 114, No. 39, {{ISSN|0006-2510}}, p. 81.</ref> The album has been credited with widening the audience for the genre, particularly by appealing to women as well as the traditional male dominated audience, and opening the door to MTV and commercial success for other bands at the end of the decade.<ref>D. Nicholls, ''The Cambridge History of American Music'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), {{ISBN|0-521-45429-8}}, p. 378.</ref>

The Swedish band Europe released the anthemic album ''[[The Final Countdown (album)|The Final Countdown]]'' which reached the top ten in several countries, including the U.S., and the album's [[The Final Countdown (song)|title single]] reached number one in 26 countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=1&table=SEARCH_RESULTS&action=&title=&artist=Europe&format=&debutLP=&category=&sex=&releaseDate=&requestNo=&type=&level=&label=&company=&certificationDate=&awardDescription=&catalogNo=&aSex=&rec_id=&charField=&gold=&platinum=&multiPlat=&level2=&certDate=&album=&id=&after=&before=&startMonth=1&endMonth=1&startYear=1958&endYear=2008&sort=Artist&perPage=25 |title=RIAA&nbsp;– Gold & Platinum |publisher=RIAA |access-date=24 June 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150908205333/http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=1&table=SEARCH_RESULTS&action=&title=&artist=Europe&format=&debutLP=&category=&sex=&releaseDate=&requestNo=&type=&level=&label=&company=&certificationDate=&awardDescription=&catalogNo=&aSex=&rec_id=&charField=&gold=&platinum=&multiPlat=&level2=&certDate=&album=&id=&after=&before=&startMonth=1&endMonth=1&startYear=1958&endYear=2008&sort=Artist&perPage=25 |archive-date=8 September 2015  }}</ref> [[Stryper]] made their mainstream breakthrough in 1986 with the release of their platinum album ''[[To Hell with the Devil]]'' and brought Christian lyrics to their hard rock music style and glam metal looks.<ref name=Stryper>G. Prato, [{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p2411|pure_url=yes}} "Stryper"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 19 June 2010.</ref> Two [[Pennsylvania]] bands, with [[Harrisburg]]'s [[Poison (band)|Poison]] and [[Philadelphia]]'s [[Cinderella (band)|Cinderella]] released multi-platinum début albums, respectively ''[[Look What the Cat Dragged In (album)|Look What the Cat Dragged In]]'' and ''[[Night Songs (Cinderella album)|Night Songs]]'' in 1986.<ref name=AllmusicPoison>B. Weber, [{{AllMusic |class=artist |id=p5162 |pure_url=yes}} "Poison"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 19 June 2010.</ref><ref name=AllmusicCinderella>W. Ruhlmann, [{{AllMusic |class=artist |id=p64591 |pure_url=yes}} "Cinderella"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 19 June 2010.</ref> [[Van Halen]] released ''[[5150 (album)|5150]]'' their first album with [[Sammy Hagar]] on lead vocals, which was number one in the U.S. for three weeks and sold over six million copies.<ref name=AllmusicVanHalen/> Additionally, some established hard rock and heavy metal bands of the era such as [[Scorpions (band)|Scorpions]], [[Whitesnake]], [[Dio (band)|Dio]], [[Aerosmith]], [[Kiss (band)|Kiss]], [[Alice Cooper (band)|Alice Cooper]], [[Ozzy Osbourne]], [[Judas Priest]], [[Saxon (band)|Saxon]] and [[Accept (band)|Accept]] began incorporating hair metal elements into their sounds and images, as the genre's popularity skyrocketed in 1985–1986.<ref>{{cite web|last=Huey|first=Steve|title=Judas Priest – Turbo|url=https://www.allmusic.com/album/turbo-mw0000190570|website=AllMusic|access-date=11 October 2015}}</ref>

[[File:DefLeppard1.JPG|thumb|left|Four Def Leppard songs were on the top ten of the ''Billboard'' Hot 100.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/artist/300687/def-leppard/chart |title=Def Leppard – Chart history |magazine=Billboard}}</ref>]]

Glam metal bands continued their run of commercial success in 1987 with Mötley Crüe releasing ''[[Girls, Girls, Girls (Mötley Crüe album)|Girls, Girls, Girls]]'', [[White Lion]] releasing ''[[Pride (White Lion album)|Pride]]'', and Def Leppard releasing ''[[Hysteria (Def Leppard album)|Hysteria]]'' producing a hard rock record of seven hit singles<ref name=Bogdanov2002DefLeppard/> which stayed on the Billboard 200 chart for 136 weeks.<ref name="Billboard-DefLeppard"/> Another of the greatest successes of the era was [[Guns N' Roses]], although the band themselves reject the term. Originally formed from a fusion of bands [[L.A. Guns]] and [[Hollywood Rose]], they released the best-selling debut of all time, ''[[Appetite for Destruction]]''. With a "grittier" and "rawer" sound than most glam metal, incorporating elements of punk and blues, ''Appetite for Destruction'' produced three top 10 hits, including the number one "[[Sweet Child O' Mine]]".<ref name=AllmusicGnR>S. T. Erlewine and G. Prato, [{{AllMusic |class=artist |id=p4416 |pure_url=yes}} "Guns N' Roses"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 19 June 2010.</ref> In the wake of Guns N' Roses's commercial success, other similarly rawer glam metal bands began to gain popularity like L.A. Guns and [[Faster Pussycat]]. Critics eventually termed this style '''sleaze rock''' or '''sleaze metal''' to differentiate it from the perceived increasing commerciality of other glam metal bands.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Harrison |first1=Thomas |title=Music of the 1980s |date=2011 |publisher=Greenwood |location=Santa Barbara, Calif. |isbn=9780313365997 |page=52 |quote=While Poison was writing and acting in a glamorous manner to hide the seedy underbelly of the Hollywood scene, the dirtier parts of the scene were beginning to take over Poison's place in the mainstream. Guns N' Roses lacked the glam songwriting and makeup of Poison. Because of their heavier use of the blues tonality, chord progressions became more chromatic, stylistically more in the vein of the Rolling Stones and Aerosmith, and not Kiss, as Poison's songs were. The Stones were a raw band, and music was seen as polished in Hollywood earlier in the decade. This new thread of hard rock became known as sleaze rock, led by Guns N' Roses... Guns N' Roses was the best example of a complementary two-guitar sleaze hard rock band in the 1980s; other groups who emerged from the Hollywood scene during this period include Faster Pussycat and L.A. Guns, who followed a similar approach.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Pattillo |first1=Alice |title=The best sleaze metal bands as chosen by Davey Suicide |url=https://www.loudersound.com/features/the-best-sleaze-metal-bands-as-chosen-by-davey-suicide |website=[[Metal Hammer]] |date=29 January 2020 |access-date=9 April 2023}}</ref> Such was the dominance of the style that Californian [[hardcore punk]] band [[T.S.O.L.]] moved towards a glam metal sound in this period.<ref>B. Torreano, [{{AllMusic |class=artist |id=p14438 |pure_url=yes}} "TSOL"] ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 7 July 2010.</ref><ref>Garry Sharpe-Young, ''New Wave of American Heavy Metal'' (New Plymouth, New Zealand: Zonda, 2005), {{ISBN|0-9582684-0-1}}, p. 302.</ref>

In the last years of the decade, the most notable successes were ''[[New Jersey (album)|New Jersey]]'' (1988) by Bon Jovi<ref name=AllmusicBonJovi>S. T. Erlewine, [{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p3734|pure_url=yes}} "Bon Jovi"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 20 June 2010.</ref> and ''[[OU812]]'' (1988) by Van Halen;<ref name="AllmusicVanHalen" /> while ''[[Open Up and Say... Ahh!]]'' (1988) by Poison spawned the number one hit single "[[Every Rose Has Its Thorn]]" and eventually sold eight million copies worldwide.<ref name="AllmusicPoison" /><ref>[{{BillboardURLbyName|artist=poison|bio=true}} "Poison Artist information"], ''Billboard''. Retrieved 18 June 2012.</ref> [[Britny Fox]] from Philadelphia<ref name="AllmusicBritnyFox">J. Ulrey, [{{AllMusic |class=artist |id=p3773 |pure_url=yes}} "Britny Fox"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 20 June 2010.</ref> and [[Winger (band)|Winger]] from New York<ref>S. T. Erlewine, [{{AllMusic|class=artist|id=p5849|pure_url=yes}} "Winger"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 20 June 2010.</ref> released their eponymous débuts in 1988. In 1989, Mötley Crüe produced their most commercially successful album, the multi-platinum number one ''[[Dr. Feelgood (album)|Dr. Feelgood]]''.<ref name=Bogdanov2002MotleyCrue>V. Bogdanov, C. Woodstra and S. T. Erlewine, ''All Music Guide to Rock: the Definitive Guide to Rock, Pop, and Soul'' (Milwaukee, WI: Backbeat Books, 3rd edn., 2002), {{ISBN|0-87930-653-X}}, pp.&nbsp;767–8.</ref> In the same year eponymous débuts included [[Danger Danger]] from New York,<ref>G. Prato, [{{AllMusic |class=artist |id=p4022 |pure_url=yes}} "Danger Danger"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 20 June 2010.</ref> [[Dangerous Toys]] from [[Austin, Texas]], who provided more of a [[Southern rock]] tone to the genre,<ref>G. Prato, [{{AllMusic |class=artist |id=p4022 |pure_url=yes}} "Dangerous Toys"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 20 June 2010.</ref> [[Enuff Z'Nuff]] from [[Chicago]] who provided an element of [[psychedelia]] to their sound and visual style, and [[Tora Tora]] from [[Memphis, Tennessee]], who incorporated elements of [[blues rock]] into their music. L.A. débuts included [[Warrant (American band)|Warrant]] with ''[[Dirty Rotten Filthy Stinking Rich]]'' (1989),<ref>S. T. Erlewine, [{{AllMusic |class=artist |id=p5790 |pure_url=yes}} "Warrant"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 20 June 2010.</ref> and [[Skid Row (American band)|Skid Row]] with their [[Skid Row (Skid Row album)|eponymous album]] (1989), which reached number six in the ''Billboard'' 200, but they were to be one of the last major bands that emerged in the glam metal era.<ref name=AllmusicSkidRow/>

Glam metal entered the 1990s as one of the major commercial genres of popular music, but such success would not continue for long; in 1990, débuts for [[Slaughter (band)|Slaughter]], from [[Las Vegas Valley|Las Vegas]] with ''[[Stick It to Ya]]''<ref name=AllmusicSlaughter>S. Huey, [{{AllMusic |class=artist |id=p5451 |pure_url=yes}} "Slaughter"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 18 June 2010.</ref> and [[FireHouse (band)|FireHouse]], from [[North Carolina]], with their [[FireHouse (album)|eponymous]] album reached number 18 and number 21 on the Billboard 200 respectively, but it would be the peak of their commercial achievement. [[Y&T]] released their last album "Ten" before the band went on hiatus from a few years.
<ref>S. T. Erlewine, [{{AllMusic |class=artist |id=p26051 |pure_url=yes}} "Firehouse"], ''AllMusic''. Retrieved 6 July 2010.</ref>