Editing Free improvisation (section)

=== Electronic free improvisation ===
Electronic devices such as oscillators, echoes, filters and alarm clocks were an integral part of free improvisation performances by groups such as [[Kluster]] at the underground scene at Zodiac Club in [[Berlin]] in the late 1960s.<ref>Alan and Steven Freeman: ''The Crack in the Cosmic Egg,'' Audion Publications, 1996, {{ISBN|0-9529506-0-X}}</ref> For the 1975 [[jazz-rock]] concert recording ''[[Agharta (album)|Agharta]]'', [[Miles Davis]] and his band employed free improvisation and electronics,<ref>{{cite news|last=Bayles|first=Martha|author-link=Martha Bayles|date=13 May 2001|title=Miles Davis: The Chameleon of Cool; an Innovator with Dueling Ambitions|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|page=19}}</ref> particularly guitarist [[Pete Cosey]] who improvised sounds by running his guitar through a [[ring modulator]] and an [[EMS Synthi A]].<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Trzaskowski|first=Andrzej|author-link=Andrzej Trzaskowski|year=1976|issue=40|magazine=[[Jazz Forum (magazine)|Jazz Forum]]|title=Agharta|location=Warsaw|page=74}}</ref>

But it was only later that traditional instruments were disbanded altogether in favour of pure electronic free improvisation. In 1984, the Swiss improvisation duo [[Voice Crack]] started making use of strictly "cracked everyday electronics".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.for4ears.com/poire_z/about_poire_z.html |title=about poire_z_fr |publisher=For4ears.com |access-date=2012-08-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120716234951/http://www.for4ears.com/poire_z/about_poire_z.html |archive-date=16 July 2012}}</ref>