Editing Foreign relations of India (section)

=== Ties with Western countries ===
Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, India has forged a closer partnership with Western powers. In the 1990s, India's economic problems and the demise of the bipolar world political system forced India to reassess its foreign policy and adjust its foreign relations. Previous policies proved inadequate to cope with the serious domestic and international problems facing India. The end of the Cold War gutted the core meaning of nonalignment and left Indian foreign policy without significant direction. The hard, pragmatic considerations of the early 1990s were still viewed within the nonaligned framework of the past, but the disintegration of the Soviet Union removed much of India's international leverage, for which relations with Russia and the other post-Soviet states could not compensate. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, India improved its relations with the United States, Canada, France, Japan, and Germany. In 1992, India established formal diplomatic relations with Israel and this relationship grew during the tenures of the [[National Democratic Alliance|National Democratic Alliance (NDA)]] government and the subsequent [[United Progressive Alliance|United Progressive Alliance (UPA)]] governments.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.indembassy.co.il/India-Israel%20Bilateral%20relations.htm |title=Embassy of India – India-Israel Bilateral relations |publisher=Indembassy.co.il |access-date=21 November 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090310185904/http://www.indembassy.co.il/India-Israel%20Bilateral%20relations.htm |archive-date=10 March 2009 }}</ref>

In the mid-1990s, India attracted the world's attention to Pakistan-backed [[terrorism in Kashmir]]. The [[Kargil War]] resulted in a major diplomatic victory for India. The United States and European Union recognised the fact that the Pakistani military had illegally infiltrated Indian territory and pressured Pakistan to withdraw from Kargil. Several anti-India militant groups based in Pakistan were labelled as [[List of designated terrorist groups|terrorist groups]] by the United States and [[European Union]].

In 1998, India tested nuclear weapons for the second time (see [[Pokhran-II]]) which resulted in several US, Japanese and European sanctions on India. India's then defence minister, [[George Fernandes]], said that India's [[India and weapons of mass destruction|nuclear programme]] was necessary as it provided a deterrence to potential Chinese nuclear threat. Most of the sanctions imposed on India were removed by 2001.<ref>[http://www.expressindia.com/news/fe/daily/19990511/fex10031.html Beyond Pokharan II] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120929065309/http://www.expressindia.com/news/fe/daily/19990511/fex10031.html |date=29 September 2012 }}. Expressindia.com (11 May 1999). Retrieved 12 November 2011.</ref>

[[File:BRICS heads of state and government hold hands ahead of the 2014 G-20 summit in Brisbane, Australia (Agencia Brasil).jpg|thumb|India has often represented the interests of developing countries on various international platforms. Shown here are [[Vladimir Putin]], [[Narendra Modi]], [[Dilma Rousseff]], [[Xi Jinping]], and [[Jacob Zuma]], 2014.]]After [[September 11 attacks]] in 2001, Indian intelligence agencies provided the US with significant information on [[Al-Qaeda]] and related groups' activities in Pakistan and Afghanistan. India's extensive contribution to the [[War on Terror]], coupled with a surge in its economy, has helped India's diplomatic relations with several countries. Over the past three years, India has held numerous joint military exercises with US and European nations that have resulted in a strengthened US-India and EU-India [[Bilateralism|bilateral relationship]]. India's bilateral trade with Europe and the United States had more than doubled in the five years since 2003.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ppionline.org/ppi_ci.cfm?knlgAreaID=108&subsecID=900003&contentID=253537|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100714035540/http://www.ppionline.org/ppi_ci.cfm?knlgAreaID=108&subsecID=900003&contentID=253537|url-status=dead|title=PPI: U.S. Exports to India Have Doubled Since 2003|archive-date=14 July 2010}}</ref>

India has been pushing for reforms in the UN and WTO with mixed results. India's candidature for a permanent seat at the UN Security Council is currently backed by several countries including France, Russia,<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4069453.stm South Asia – Putin backs India's UN seat bid] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816051223/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/4069453.stm |date=16 August 2019 }}. BBC News (4 December 2004). Retrieved 12 November 2011.</ref> the United Kingdom,<ref>[http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/PoliticsNation/UNSC_without_India_unrealistic_Brown/articleshow/2972896.cms UNSC without India unrealistic – The Economic Times] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180724123600/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/PoliticsNation/UNSC_without_India_unrealistic_Brown/articleshow/2972896.cms |date=24 July 2018 }}. ''The Economic Times''. (22 April 2008). Retrieved 12 November 2011.</ref> Germany, Japan, Brazil,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080421023145/http://www.hindu.com/2008/04/17/stories/2008041762061400.htm India & World: "Working together for Security Council seat"]. The Hindu (17 April 2008). Retrieved 12 November 2011.</ref> Australia<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abc.net.au/radio-australia/categories/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216141812/http://www.abc.net.au/ra/news/stories/200804/s2219356.htm?tab=australia|url-status=dead|title=Categories|archive-date=16 December 2008|publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation}}</ref> and UAE.<ref>[http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article906055.ece News National UNSC permanent seat is India's right : UAE] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101125063848/http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article906055.ece |date=25 November 2010 }}. The Hindu (23 November 2010). Retrieved 12 November 2011.</ref> In 2004, the United States signed a [[India Nuclear Cooperation Promotion Act|nuclear cooperation agreement]] with India even though the latter is not a part of the [[Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty]]. The US argued that India's strong nuclear non-proliferation record made it an exception, however, this has not persuaded other [[Nuclear Suppliers Group]] members to sign similar deals with India. During a state visit to India in November 2010, US President [[Barack Obama]] announced US support for [[Reform of the United Nations Security Council#India|India's bid for permanent membership to UN Security Council]]<ref>{{cite news |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Obama-endorses-Indias-bid-for-permanent-seat-in-UNSC/articleshow/6889364.cms |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121103212320/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-11-08/india/28260141_1_bid-for-permanent-seat-unsc-permanent-member |url-status=live |archive-date=3 November 2012 |location=India |work=[[The Times of India]] |title=Obama endorses India's bid for permanent seat in UNSC |date=8 November 2010}}</ref> as well as India's entry to [[Nuclear Suppliers Group]], [[Wassenaar Arrangement]], [[Australia Group]] and [[Missile Technology Control Regime]].<ref name="aje20101106">{{cite web |url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia/2010/11/2010116132349390763.html |title=Obama seeks expanded India-US trade |date=6 November 2010 |publisher=Al Jazeera |access-date=7 November 2010 |archive-date=2 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101202052248/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia/2010/11/2010116132349390763.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="voa20101106">{{cite web |url=https://www.voanews.com/a/obama-calls-for-more-trade-with-india-106817488/129960.html |title=Obama in Mumbai Calls India Market of the Future |date=6 November 2010 |publisher=[[Voice of America]] |access-date=7 November 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101107033806/http://www.voanews.com/english/news/Obama-Calls-For-More-Trade-with-India-106817488.html |archive-date=7 November 2010 }}</ref> As of January 2018, India has become a member of [[Wassenaar Arrangement]], [[Australia Group]] and [[Missile Technology Control Regime]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/boost-for-nsg-membership-as-india-gains-entry-into-australia-group/articleshow/62567229.cms|title=NSG membership: Boost for NSG membership, as India gains entry into 'Australia Group'|website=The Times of India|date=19 January 2018|access-date=19 January 2018|archive-date=20 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120034550/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/boost-for-nsg-membership-as-india-gains-entry-into-australia-group/articleshow/62567229.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
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