Editing Fatah (section)

====Black September====
{{further|Black September}}
In the late 1960s, tensions between Palestinians and the Jordanian government increased greatly; heavily armed Arab resistance elements had created a virtual "state within a state" in Jordan, eventually controlling several strategic positions in that country. After their victory in the Battle of Karameh, Fatah and other Palestinian militias began taking control of civil life in Jordan. They set up roadblocks, publicly humiliated Jordanian police forces, molested women and levied illegal taxes – all of which Arafat either condoned or ignored.<ref>Sayigh, Yezid (1997). Armed Struggle and the Search for State, the Palestinian National Movement, 1949–1993. Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-19-829643-0}}. {{OCLC|185547145}}.</ref>{{sfn|Aburish|1998|p=100–112}}

In 1970, the Jordanian government moved to regain control over its territory, and the next day,{{dubious|The next day after 1970? Wow, THAT fast?!|date=July 2019}} [[Hussein of Jordan|King Hussein]] declared [[martial law]].{{sfn|Aburish|1998|p=100–112}} By 25 September, the Jordanian army achieved dominance in the fighting, and two days later Arafat and Hussein agreed to a series of ceasefires. The Jordanian army inflicted heavy casualties upon the Palestinians – including civilians – who suffered approximately 3,500 fatalities. Two thousand Fatah fighters managed to enter [[Syria]]. They crossed the border into Lebanon to join Fatah forces in that country, where they set up their new headquarters. A large group of guerrilla fighters led by Fatah field commander [[Abu Ali Iyad]] held out the Jordanian Army's offensive in the northern city of [[Ajloun|Ajlun]] until they were decisively defeated in July 1971. Abu Ali Iyad was executed and surviving members of his commando force formed the [[Black September Organization]], a splinter group of Fatah. In November 1971, the group assassinated Jordanian prime minister [[Wasfi al-Tal]] as retaliation to Abu Ali Iyad's execution.<ref>Seale, 1992, pp.81–82.</ref>

In the 1960s and the 1970s, Fatah provided training to a wide range of European, Middle Eastern, Asian, and African militant and insurgent groups, and carried out numerous attacks against Israeli targets in Western Europe and the Middle East during the 1970s. Some militant groups that affiliated themselves to Fatah, and some of the ''fedayeen'' within Fatah itself, carried out civilian-[[aircraft hijacking]]s and terrorist attacks, attributing them to Black September, [[Abu Nidal]]'s [[Abu Nidal Organization|Fatah-Revolutionary Council]], [[Said al-Muragha|Abu Musa]]'s group, the PFLP, and the PFLP-GC.{{dubious|Means what, freelancers did it an "atributed" it to whom they liked best/hated most?|date=July 2019}} Fatah received weapons, explosives and training from the [[Soviet Union]] and some of the [[communist state]]s of [[East Europe]]. [[China]] and [[Algeria]] also provided munitions.{{Citation needed|date=December 2009}} In 1979, Fatah aided [[Uganda]] during the [[Uganda–Tanzania War]]. Members of the organization fought alongside the [[Uganda Army (1971–1980)|Uganda Army]] and Libyan troops against the [[Tanzania People's Defence Force]] during the [[Battle of Lukaya]] and the [[Fall of Kampala]], but were eventually forced to retreat from the country.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://al-akhbar.com/Opinion/226891 |title= مهمة "فتح" في أوغندا  |trans-title=Fatah's mission in Uganda |author=Janan Osama al-Salwadi |work=Al Akhbar (Lebanon) |language=ar |date=27 February 2017 |access-date=6 October 2019 }}</ref>