Editing Epilepsy (section)

==== Seizure clusters ====
Seizure clusters refer to multiple seizures occurring over a short period of time, with incomplete recovery between events. They are distinct from [[status epilepticus]], though the two may overlap. Definitions vary across studies, but seizure clusters are typically described as two or more seizures within 24 hours or a noticeable increase in seizure frequency over a person’s usual baseline. Estimates of their prevalence range widely — from 5% to 50% of people with epilepsy — largely due to differing definitions and populations studied.<ref name="Jafarpour_2019">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jafarpour S, Hirsch LJ, Gaínza-Lein M, Kellinghaus C, Detyniecki K |date=May 2019 |title=Seizure cluster: Definition, prevalence, consequences, and management |journal=Seizure |volume=68 |pages=9–15 |doi=10.1016/j.seizure.2018.05.013 |pmid=29871784 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Faught E |date=September 2022 |title=Economic aspects of treating seizure clusters |journal=Epilepsia |volume=63 |issue=Suppl 1 |pages=S45–S54 |doi=10.1111/epi.17340 |pmid=35999172}}</ref> Seizure clusters are more common in individuals with drug-resistant epilepsy, high baseline seizure frequency, or certain epilepsy syndromes.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Haut SR, Shinnar S, Moshé SL |date=January 2005 |title=Seizure clustering: risks and outcomes |journal=Epilepsia |volume=46 |issue=1 |pages=146–149 |doi=10.1111/j.0013-9580.2005.29004.x |pmid=15660781 |doi-access=free}}</ref> They are associated with increased emergency care utilization, worse quality of life, impaired psychosocial functioning, and possibly elevated risk of mortality.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Chung S, Szaflarski JP, Choi EJ, Wilson JC, Kharawala S, Kaur G, Hirsch LJ |date=November 2021 |title=A systematic review of seizure clusters: Prevalence, risk factors, burden of disease and treatment patterns |journal=Epilepsy Research |volume=177 |pages=106748 |doi=10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106748 |pmid=34521043}}</ref>