Editing Dentition (section)

==Dental formulae examples==
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{|class="wikitable"
|+ '''Some examples of mammalian dental formulae'''<ref name=notea/>
!Species
!Dental formula
!Comment
|-
!colspan="2" scope="row"| '''Non placental''' || Non-placental mammals such as [[marsupial]]s  (e.g., opossums) can have more teeth than placentals.
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|[[Bilby]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=5.1.3.4|lower=3.1.3.4}}<ref name=FaunaofAustralia>{{cite web |url=https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/pages/a117ced5-9a94-4586-afdb-1f333618e1e3/files/25-ind.pdf |last=Johnson |first=Ken A. |date=n.d.|access-date=2021-05-15 |title="Fauna of Australia" |website=Fauna of Australia Volume 1b - Mammalia |quote="Fauna of Australia Volume 1b - Mammalia" }}</ref> ||<br />
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| [[Kangaroo]] || {{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.2.4|lower=1.0.2.4}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.1902encyclopedia.com/K/KAN/kangaroo.html|title=Kangaroo|website=www.1902encyclopedia.com|access-date=28 March 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170704235746/http://www.1902encyclopedia.com/K/KAN/kangaroo.html|archive-date=4 July 2017}}</ref> ||<br />
|-
| [[Musky rat-kangaroo]] || {{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.1.4|lower=2.0.1.4}}<ref name="Bettongs, potoroos and the musky rat-kangaroo">{{Citation|author=Andrew W. Claridge |author2=John H. Seebeck |author3=Randy Rose|title=Bettongs, Potoroos and the Musky Rat-kangaroo|year=2007|publisher=Csiro Publishing|isbn=978-0-643-09341-6}}</ref> ||<br />
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| Rest of [[Potoroidae]] || {{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.1.4|lower=1.0.1.4}}<ref name="Bettongs, potoroos and the musky rat-kangaroo"/>||The marsupial family Potoroidae includes the [[bettongs]], [[potoroos]], and two of the [[Rat-Kangaroo|rat-kangaroos]]. All are rabbit-sized, brown, jumping marsupials and resemble a large rodent or a very small wallaby.<br />
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|[[Tasmanian devil]] || {{DentalFormula|upper=4.1.2.4|lower=3.1.2.4}} <ref name="University Of Edinburgh Natural History Collection">{{citation | title=University Of Edinburgh Natural History Collection | url=http://www.nhc.ed.ac.uk/index.php?page=24.134.165.255.261 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301043029/http://www.nhc.ed.ac.uk/index.php?page=24.134.165.255.261 | archive-date=2012-03-01 }}</ref>||<br />
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| [[Opossum]] || {{DentalFormula|upper=5.1.3.4|lower=4.1.3.4}} <ref name=WWT>{{citation | title=Dental formulae of mammal skulls of North America | url=http://www.wildwoodtracking.com/skulls/dentalformulae.html | publisher=Wildwood Tracking | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110414085135/http://www.wildwoodtracking.com/skulls/dentalformulae.html | archive-date=2011-04-14 }}</ref>||<br />
|-
!colspan="2" scope="row"| '''Placental'''||Some examples of dental formulae for [[placental mammals]].
|-
|[[Ape|Apes]] || {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.2.3|lower=2.1.2.3}} || All [[ape]]s (excluding 20–23% of [[human]]s) and [[Old World monkey]]s share this formula, sometimes known as the ''cercopithecoid dental formula''.<ref name="Harris1988p34" />
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|[[Armadillo]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=0.0.7.1|lower=0.0.7.1}}<ref name="Freeman&Genoways"/>||<br />
|-
|[[Aye-aye]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=1.0.1.3|lower=1.0.0.3}}<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&EvolAye-aye"/>||A [[prosimian]]. The aye-aye's deciduous dental formula (dI:dC:dM) is {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.2|lower=2.1.2}}.<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&EvolDentalFormula"/>
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|[[Badger]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.3.1|lower=3.1.3.2}}<ref name=Chunnie>{{cite web|title=The Skulls|url=http://www.geocities.ws/chunniemonster/adultsandbabies.html|work=Chunnie's British Mammal Skulls|access-date=15 October 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008214845/http://www.geocities.ws/chunniemonster/adultsandbabies.html|archive-date=8 October 2012}}</ref> ||<br />
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|[[Big brown bat]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.1.3|lower=3.1.2.3}}<ref name="WWT"/> ||<br />
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|[[Eastern red bat|Red bat]], [[hoary bat]], [[Seminole bat]], [[Mexican free-tailed bat]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=1.1.2.3|lower=3.1.2.3}}<ref name="WWT"/> ||<br />
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|[[Camel]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=1.1.3.3|lower=3.1.2.3}}<ref name=VeterianKeyCamelidae>{{cite web |url=https://veteriankey.com/camelidae/#:~:text=The%20dental%20formula%20for%20both,(M)%203%2F3.&text=The%20canine%20teeth%20of%20the,other%20male%20llamas%20and%20humans. |last=Bravo |first=P. Walter |date=2016-08-27 |access-date=2021-05-15 |title=Camelidae |website=veteriankey.com|quote="The dental formula for both Bactrian and dromedary camels is incisors (I) 1/3, canines (C) 1/1, premolars (P) 3/2, molars (M) 3/3." }}</ref>||<br />
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|[[Cat]] (deciduous)||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.3.0|lower=3.1.2.0}}<ref name="provet"/>||<br />
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|[[Cat]] (permanent)|| {{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.3.1|lower=3.1.2.1}}<ref name=Martin1983p102/> || The last upper premolar and first lower molar of the cat, since it is a [[Carnivora|carnivore]], are called [[carnassial]]s and are used to slice meat and skin.
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|[[Cow]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=0.0.3.3|lower=3.1.3.3}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fsis.usda.gov/ofo/tsc/bse_information.htm |title=Using Dentition to Age Cattle |access-date=2008-09-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080916182105/http://www.fsis.usda.gov/ofo/tsc/bse_information.htm |archive-date=2008-09-16 |website=fsis.usda.gov }}</ref>|| The cow has no upper incisors or canines, the rostral portion of the upper jaw forming a dental pad. The lower canine is incisiform, giving the appearance of a 4th incisor.<br />
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|[[Dog]] (deciduous)||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.3.0|lower=3.1.3.0}}<ref name="provet">{{cite web|url=http://www.provet.co.uk/health/diagnostics/dentalformulae.htm|title=Dental formulae |website=www.provet.co.uk|access-date=28 March 2018}}</ref>||<br />
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|[[Dog]] (permanent)||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.4.2|lower=3.1.4.3}}<ref name="Chunnie"/>||<br />
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|[[Eared Seal]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.4.1-3|lower=2.1.4.1}}<ref name=Otariidae>{{cite web |url=https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Otariidae/ |last=Myers |first=Phil |date=2000|access-date=2021-05-15 |title="Otariidae" |website=Animal Diversity Web |quote="The dental formula is 3/2, 1/1, 4/4, 1-3/1 = 34-38." }}</ref>||<br />
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|''[[Eulemur]]''||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.3.3|lower=3.1.3.3}} ||Prosimian genus to which the large Malagasy or [[True lemur|'true' lemurs]] belong.<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&Evolp177"/> [[Ruffed lemur]]s (genus ''Varecia''),<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&Evolp550"/> [[dwarf lemur]]s (genus ''Mirza''),<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&Evolp340"/> and [[mouse lemur]]s (genus ''Microcebus'') also have this dental formula, but the mouse lemurs have a [[Toothcomb|dental comb]].<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&Evolp335"/>
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|''Euoticus''|| {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.3.3|lower=2.1.3.3}} ||Prosimian genus to which the [[Needle-clawed bushbaby|needle-clawed bushbabies]] (or [[galago]]s) belong. Specialised morphology for gummivory includes procumbent dental comb and caniniform upper anterior premolars.<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&Evolp177"/>
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|[[Fox]] (red)||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.4.2|lower=3.1.4.3}}<ref name="Chunnie"/>||<br />
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|[[Guinea pig]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=1.0.1.3|lower=1.0.1.3}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.adelaide.edu.au/ANZCCART/docs/fact-sheets/TheGuineaPig_6Arch.pdf|title=The Guinea Pig (''Cavia porcellus'')|first=Denise|last=Noonan|website=ANZCCART|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804182551/https://www.adelaide.edu.au/ANZCCART/docs/fact-sheets/TheGuineaPig_6Arch.pdf|archive-date=2016-08-04}}</ref>||<br />
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|[[Hedgehog]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.3.3|lower=2.1.2.3}}<ref name="Chunnie"/>||<br />
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|[[Horse]] (deciduous)||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.0.3.0|lower=3.0.3.0}}<ref name=Pence2002/><ref name=Cirelli/>||<br />
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|[[Horse]] (permanent)|| {{DentalFormula|upper=3.0-1.3-4.3|lower=3.0-1.3.3}} ||Permanent dentition varies from 36 to 42, depending on the presence or absence of canines and the number of premolars.<ref name=UltimateUnqulate/> The first premolar ([[wolf tooth]]) may be absent or rudimentary,<ref name=Pence2002/><ref name=Cirelli/> and is mostly present only in the upper (maxillary) jaw.<ref name=Cirelli/> The canines are small and spade-shaped, and usually present only in males.<ref name=UltimateUnqulate/> Canines appear in 20–25% of females and are usually smaller than in males.<ref name=Cirelli/><ref name=noteb/>
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| Human ([[deciduous teeth]]) || See comment || Either {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.2.0|lower=2.1.2.0}} or {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.0.2|lower=2.1.0.2}}. Human anatomists and mammal anatomists differ on whether the two anterior deciduous teeth are premolars (mammalogists) or molars (human anatomists)<br />
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| Human ([[permanent teeth]]) || {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.2.2-3|lower=2.1.2.2-3}} ||[[Wisdom tooth|Wisdom teeth]] are congenitally absent in 20–23% of the human population; the proportion of agenesis of wisdom teeth varies considerably among human populations, ranging from a near 0% incidence rate among [[Aboriginal Tasmanians]] to near 100% among [[Indigenous peoples of Mexico|Indigenous Mexicans]].<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=11220165 |year=1999 |last1=Rozkovcová |first1=E. |last2=Marková |first2=M. |last3=Dolejší |first3=J. |title=Studies on agenesis of third molars amongst populations of different origin |volume=100 |issue=2 |pages=71–84 |journal=Sborník Lékařský}}</ref>
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|[[Indri]]||See comment||A prosimian. Dental formula disputed. Either {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.2.3|lower=2.0.2.3}} or {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.2.3|lower=1.1.2.3}}. Proponents of both formulae agree there are 30 teeth and that there are only four teeth in the dental comb.<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&Evolp267"/>
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|[[Sportive lemur|Lepilemur]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=0.1.3.3|lower=2.1.3.3}}||A prosimian. The upper incisors are lost in the adult, but are present in the deciduous dentition.<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&Evolp300"/>
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|[[Lion]] || {{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.3.1|lower=3.1.2.1}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.geocities.ws/chunniemonster/dental_formula.html|title=Dental Formula|website=www.geocities.ws|access-date=28 March 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170228224107/http://www.geocities.ws/chunniemonster/dental_formula.html|archive-date=28 February 2017}}</ref> ||<br />
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|[[Mole (animal)|Mole]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.4.3|lower=3.1.4.3}}<ref name="Chunnie"/>||<br />
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|[[Mouse]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=1.0.0.3|lower=1.0.0.3}}<ref name="Chunnie"/>||[[Plains pocket mouse]] (''Perognathus flavescens'') have dental formula of {{DentalFormula|upper=1.0.1.3|lower=1.0.1.3}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/tmot1/perflave.htm|title=Plains Pocket Mouse (Perognathus flavescens)|website=www.nsrl.ttu.edu|access-date=28 March 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171007075006/http://www.nsrl.ttu.edu/tmot1/perflave.htm|archive-date=7 October 2017}}</ref>
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|[[New World monkey]]s ||See comment||All New World monkeys have a dentition formula of {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.3.3|lower=2.1.3.3}} or {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.3.2|lower=2.1.3.2}}.<ref name=Harris1988p34/>
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|[[Pantodonta]]
|{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.4.3|lower=3.1.4.3}}<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rose |first=Kenneth David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3bs0D5ix4VAC |title=The Beginning of the Age of Mammals |date=2006 |publisher=Johns Hopkins University Press |isbn=978-0-8018-8472-6 |pages=94–118 |chapter=Cimolesta}}</ref>
|Extinct suborder of early [[Eutheria|eutherians]].
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|[[Pig]] (deciduous)||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.4.0|lower=3.1.4.0}}<ref name="provet"/>||<br />
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|[[Pig]] (permanent)||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.4.3|lower=3.1.4.3}}<ref name="Chunnie"/>||<br />
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|[[Rabbit]] || {{DentalFormula|upper=2.0.3.3|lower=1.0.2.3}}<ref name=Martin1983p102/> ||<br />
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|[[Raccoon]] || {{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.4.2|lower=3.1.4.2}} ||<br />
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|[[Rat]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=1.0.0.3|lower=1.0.0.3}}<ref name="Chunnie"/>||<br />
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|[[Sheep]] (deciduous)||{{DentalFormula|upper=0.0.3.0|lower=4.0.3.0}}<ref name="provet"/>||<br />
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|[[Sheep]] (permanent)||{{DentalFormula|upper=0.0.3.3|lower=3.1.3.3}}<ref name="WWT"/>||<br />
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|[[Shrew]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.3.3|lower=3.1.3.3}}<ref name="Chunnie"/>||
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|[[Sifaka]]s||See comment||Prosimians. Dental formula disputed. Either {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.2.3|lower=2.0.2.3}} or {{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.2.3|lower=1.1.2.3}}. Possess dental comb comprising four teeth.<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&Evolp438"/>
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|[[Slender loris]]<br />[[Slow loris]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.3.3|lower=2.1.3.3}}||Prosimians. Lower incisors and canines form a dental comb; upper anterior dentition is peg-like and short.<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&Evolp309"/><ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&Evolp371"/>
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|[[Squirrel]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=1.0.2.3|lower=1.0.1.3}}<ref name="Chunnie"/>||<br />
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|[[Tarsier]]s||{{DentalFormula|upper=2.1.3.3|lower=1.1.3.3}}||Prosimians.<ref name="CambridgeDictHumBiol&Evolp520"/>
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|[[Tiger]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.3.1|lower=3.1.2.1}}<ref name="Emily&Eisnerp319"/>||<br />
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|[[Vole]] (field)||{{DentalFormula|upper=1.0.0.3|lower=1.0.0.3}}<ref name="Chunnie"/>||<br />
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|[[Weasel]]||{{DentalFormula|upper=3.1.3.1|lower=3.1.3.2}}<ref name="Chunnie"/>||<br />
|}
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