Editing Demographics of India (section)

== Vital statistics ==
[[File:Birth rate in India (1950 to 2024).png|thumb|upright|center|Crude [[birth rate]] trends in India<br />(per 1000 people, national average)<ref name=npc1>{{cite web|title=Birth Rate, Death Rate, Infant Mortality Rate and Total Fertility Rate: India and States|publisher=National Commission on Population, Govt of India|year=2010|url=http://populationcommission.nic.in/india.htm|access-date=17 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090619091741/http://populationcommission.nic.in/india.htm|archive-date=19 June 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Census India SRS Bulletins|publisher=Registrar General of India, Govt of India|year=2011 |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Bulletins/Bulletins.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Census India SRS Bulletins |publisher=Registrar General of India, Govt of India|year=2013 |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Reports_2013.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Long-Run Birth Rate |url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/long-run-birth-rate?country=~IND |website=Our World in Data |publisher=Global Change Data Lab |access-date=7 January 2025}}</ref>]]

=== UN estimates ===
{{sticky table start}}{{static row numbers}}{{mw-datatable}}{{sort under}}{{Table alignment}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|+ United Nations, World Population Prospects: The 2024 revision – India<ref>United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2024). World Population Prospects 2024, Online Edition.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Population in India, 1950 to 2023 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?time=earliest..2023&facet=none&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&country=~IND&hideControls=false&Metric=Population&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Total&Projection+Scenario=None |website=[[Our World in Data]] |publisher=Global Change Data Lab |access-date=12 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Births in India, 1950 to 2023 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?time=earliest..2023&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&country=~IND&hideControls=false&Metric=Births&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Total&Projection+Scenario=None |website=[[Our World in Data]] |publisher=Global Change Data Lab |access-date=13 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Deaths in India, 1950 to 2023 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?time=earliest..2023&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&hideControls=false&Metric=Deaths&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Total&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~IND |website=[[Our World in Data]] |publisher=Global Change Data Lab |access-date=13 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Annual change in population in India, 1951 to 2023 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&hideControls=false&Metric=Annual+population+change&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Total&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~IND |website=[[Our World in Data]] |publisher=Global Change Data Lab |access-date=13 January 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Birth rate in India, 1950 to 2023 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&hideControls=false&Metric=Birth+rate&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Total&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~IND |website=[[Our World in Data]] |publisher=Global Change Data Lab |access-date=13 January 2025}}</ref>
|-
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" |Year
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" |Mid-year population
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Births per year
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Deaths per year
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Annual change in population
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Crude birth rate<br />(per 1000)
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Crude death rate<br />(per 1000)
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Natural change<br />(per 1000)
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Crude migration rate<br />(per 1000)
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Total Fertility rate
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 60pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Infant mortality (per 1000)
! scope="col" style="text-align: center; width: 35pt;" data-sort-type="number" |[[Life expectancy]]
|-
| 1950
| style="color:red" |346,278,817
| style="color:red" |15,287,998
| style="color:blue" | 7,852,219
| 7,435,779
| 44.15
| style="color:red"|22.68
| 21.6
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.73
| style="color:red" | 181.2
| style="color:red" | 41.7
|-
| 1951
| 353,870,058
| 15,663,440
| 7,973,004
| 7,591,241
| 44.26
|22.53
| 21.6
| 0.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.77
| 180.1
| style="color:red" | 41.7
|-
| 1952
| 361,874,904
| 16,082,888
| 8,048,990
| 8,004,846
| 44.44
| 22.24
| 21.9
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.82
| 177.5
| 42.0
|-
| 1953
| 370,104,571
| 16,501,176
| 8,169,722
| 8,229,667
|44.59
| 22.07
| 22.1
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.87
| 175.3
| 42.2
|-
| 1954
| 378,687,141
| 16,903,336
| 8,122,090
| 8,582,570
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |44.64
| 21.45
| 22.7
| −0.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.91
| 172.2
| 43.0
|-
| 1955
| 387,700,891
| 17,219,756
| 8,168,768
| 9,013,750
| 44.41
| 21.07
| 22.8
| −0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.91
| 169.7
| 43.4
|-
| 1956
| 396,988,906
| 17,526,402
| 8,232,471
| 9,288,015
| 44.15
| 20.74
| 22.8
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.91
| 167.3
| 43.8
|-
| 1957
| 406,253,895
| 17,825,650
| 8,323,747
| 9,264,989
| 43.88
| 20.49
| 22.8
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.91
| 165.0
| 44.1
|-
| 1958
| 415,777,437
| 18,053,426
| 8,374,383
| 9,523,542
| 43.42
| 20.14
| 22.7
| −0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.90
| 162.7
| 44.4
|-
| 1959
| 425,780,669
| 18,321,022
| 8,395,630
| 10,003,232
| 43.03
| 19.72
| 22.7
| −0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.89
| 160.3
| 44.9
|-
| 1960
| 435,990,344
| 18,705,012
| 8,467,290
| 10,209,675
| 42.90
| 19.42
| 22.9
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.92
| 158.2
| 45.2
|-
| 1961
| 446,564,730
| 19,054,934
| 8,586,012
| 10,574,386
| 42.67
| 19.23
| 22.8
| 0.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.94
| 156.4
| 45.4
|-
| 1962
| 457,283,092
| 19,422,986
| 8,679,851
| 10,718,362
| 42.48
| 18.98
| 22.9
| 0.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.95
| 154.5
| 45.7
|-
| 1963
| 468,138,576
| 19,783,962
| 8,767,246
| 10,855,484
| 42.26
| 18.73
| 22.9
| 0.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.97
| 152.7
| 45.9
|-
| 1964
| 479,229,599
| 20,156,988
| 8,871,377
| 11,091,023
| 42.06
| 18.51
| style="color:blue" |23.0
| 0.3
| style="color:blue" |5.98
| 151.1
| 46.2
|-
| 1965
| 490,140,141
| 20,414,206
| 9,488,516
| 10,910,542
| 41.65
| 19.36
| 21.7
| 0.9
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.94
| 156.4
| 45.0
|-
| 1966
| 500,740,250
| 20,632,990
| 9,543,207
| 10,600,109
| 41.20
| 19.06
| 21.6
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.88
| 154.7
| 45.3
|-
| 1967
| 511,606,375
| 20,889,458
| 9,609,691
| 10,866,125
| 40.83
| 18.78
| 21.5
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.83
| 153.1
| 45.7
|-
| 1968
| 522,716,894
| 21,162,298
| 9,155,303
| 11,110,519
| 40.48
| 17.52
| 22.4
| −0.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.76
| 145.0
| 47.5
|-
| 1969
| 533,880,544
| 21,386,208
| 9,218,624
| 11,163,650
| 40.06
| 17.27
| 22.3
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.68
| 143.3
| 47.9
|-
| 1970
| 545,864,268
| 21,705,420
| 9,287,483
| 11,983,724
| 39.76
| 17.01
| 22.3
| −0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.62
| 141.7
| 48.2
|-
| 1971
| 558,096,383
| 22,169,874
| 9,382,778
| 12,232,115
| 39.72
| 16.81
| 22.5
| −0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.57
| 139.9
| 48.6
|-
| 1972
| 570,482,142
| 22,509,830
| 9,468,026
| 12,385,759
| 39.46
| 16.60
| 22.5
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.48
| 138.5
| 49.0
|-
| 1973
| 583,465,595
| 22,929,810
| 9,517,150
| 12,983,453
| 39.30
| 16.31
| 22.7
| 0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.40
| 136.3
| 49.5
|-
| 1974
| 597,041,392
| 23,284,796
| 9,489,001
| 13,575,797
| 39.00
| 15.89
| 22.8
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.33
| 133.3
| 50.2
|-
| 1975
| 611,309,532
| 23,451,070
| 9,492,655
| 14,268,140
| 38.36
| 15.53
| 22.6
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.20
| 130.7
| 50.8
|-
| 1976
| 625,861,887
| 23,935,742
| 9,499,656
| 14,552,355
| 38.24
| 15.18
| 22.7
| −0.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.13
| 127.9
| 51.4
|-
| 1977
| 640,801,105
| 24,070,484
| 9,494,741
| 14,939,218
| 37.56
| 14.82
| 22.2
| 0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |5.01
| 124.9
| 51.9
|-
| 1978
| 655,728,226
| 24,359,834
| 9,461,503
| 14,927,121
| 37.15
| 14.43
| 22.1
| 0.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.89
| 121.7
| 52.5
|-
| 1979
| 671,155,745
| 24,833,594
| 9,440,528
| 15,427,519
| 37.00
| 14.07
| 22.3
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.81
| 118.4
| 53.1
|-
| 1980
| 687,354,031
| 25,471,068
| 9,452,567
| 16,198,286
| 37.06
| 13.75
| 22.5
| 0.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.78
| 115.2
| 53.6
|-
| 1981
| 703,696,255
| 25,868,440
| 9,446,658
| 16,342,224
| 36.76
| 13.42
| 22.7
| 0.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.70
| 112.1
| 54.2
|-
| 1982
| 720,313,474
| 26,221,360
| 9,431,256
| 16,617,219
| 36.40
| 13.09
| 22.6
| 0.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.62
| 109.3
| 54.7
|-
| 1983
| 737,372,685
| 26,637,448
| 9,418,131
| 17,059,211
| 36.13
| 12.77
| 22.6
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.57
| 106.7
| 55.3
|-
| 1984
| 754,875,451
| 27,113,114
| 9,414,277
| 17,502,766
| 35.92
| 12.47
| 22.7
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.52
| 104.2
| 55.8
|-
| 1985
| 772,647,801
| 27,366,950
| 9,398,793
| 17,772,350
| 35.42
| 12.16
| 22.5
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.43
| 101.8
| 56.3
|-
| 1986
| 790,689,978
| 27,848,424
| 9,392,670
| 18,042,177
| 35.22
| 11.88
| 22.7
| −0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.40
| 99.4
| 56.8
|-
| 1987
| 808,931,261
| 27,860,878
| 9,365,358
| 18,241,283
| 34.44
| 11.58
| 22.2
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.31
| 97.0
| 57.3
|-
| 1988
| 827,342,997
| 28,040,342
| 9,337,583
| 18,411,736
| 33.89
| 11.29
| 21.9
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.22
| 94.6
| 57.8
|-
| 1989
| 846,039,530
| 28,154,986
| 9,306,083
| 18,696,533
| 33.28
| 11.00
| 21.6
| 0.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.13
| 92.2
| 58.2
|-
| 1990
| 864,972,219
| 28,171,520
| 9,277,651
| 18,932,689
| 32.57
| 10.73
| 21.1
| 0.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |4.05
| 89.8
| 58.7
|-
| 1991
| 883,927,607
| 28,305,720
| 9,256,425
| 18,955,388
| 32.02
| 10.47
| 21.0
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.96
| 87.6
| 59.1
|-
| 1992
| 902,957,072
| 28,365,204
| 9,232,809
| 19,029,465
| 31.41
| 10.22
| 20.7
| 0.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.88
| 85.5
| 59.5
|-
| 1993
| 922,118,380
| 28,374,418
| 9,221,708
| 19,161,308
| 30.77
| 10.00
| 20.3
| 0.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.80
| 83.5
| 59.8
|-
| 1994
| 941,163,775
| 28,512,692
| 9,201,756
| 19,045,395
| 30.30
| 9.78
| 20.0
| 0.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.72
| 81.4
| 60.2
|-
| 1995
| 960,301,048
| 28,588,052
| 9,191,892
| 19,137,273
| 29.77
| 9.57
| 19.7
| 0.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.65
| 79.3
| 60.6
|-
| 1996
| 979,678,464
| 28,623,284
| 9,180,936
| 19,377,416
| 29.22
| 9.37
| 19.4
| 0.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.58
| 77.1
| 61.0
|-
| 1997
| 999,133,765
| 28,659,994
| 9,166,224
| 19,455,301
| 28.68
| 9.17
| 19.0
| 0.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.51
| 74.8
| 61.4
|-
| 1998
| 1,018,665,073
| 28,724,934
| 9,155,898
| 19,531,308
| 28.20
| 8.99
| 18.7
| 0.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.45
| 72.5
| 61.8
|-
| 1999
| 1,038,225,821
| 28,790,310
| 9,141,493
| 19,560,748
| 27.73
| 8.80
| 18.4
| 0.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.38
| 70.2
| 62.2
|-
| 2000
| 1,057,922,728
| 29,111,712
| 9,127,431
| 19,696,907
| 27.52
| 8.63
| 18.3
| 0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.35
| 67.8
| 62.7
|-
| 2001
| 1,077,898,572
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |29,324,930
| 9,143,228
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |19,975,844
| 27.21
| 8.48
| 18.2
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.30
| 65.4
| 63.1
|-
| 2002
| 1,097,600,381
| 29,128,216
| 9,103,548
| 19,701,809
| 26.54
| 8.29
| 17.7
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.22
| 63.1
| 63.6
|-
| 2003
| 1,116,802,997
| 28,794,442
| 9,074,469
| 19,202,616
| 25.78
| 8.13
| 17.2
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.12
| 60.8
| 64.1
|-
| 2004
| 1,135,991,510
| 28,537,736
| 9,067,053
| 19,188,513
| 25.12
| 7.98
| 16.7
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |3.05
| 58.6
| 64.5
|-
| 2005
| 1,154,676,319
| 28,063,000
| 9,027,961
| 18,684,809
| 24.30
| 7.82
| 16.1
| 0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.96
| 56.3
| 65.0
|-
| 2006
| 1,172,878,890
| 27,637,610
| 8,995,893
| 18,202,571
| 23.56
| 7.67
| 15.5
| −0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.86
| 54.1
| 65.4
|-
| 2007
| 1,190,676,028
| 27,304,622
| 8,972,698
| 17,797,138
| 22.93
| 7.54
| 15.1
| −0.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.78
| 51.9
| 65.8
|-
| 2008
| 1,207,930,962
| 27,186,094
| 8,950,894
| 17,254,934
| 22.51
| 7.41
| 14.7
| −0.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.72
| 49.6
| 66.1
|-
| 2009
| 1,225,524,760
| 27,219,670
| 8,934,340
| 17,593,798
| 22.21
| 7.29
| 14.5
| −0.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.67
| 47.4
| 66.5
|-
| 2010
| 1,243,481,564
| 26,900,710
| 8,908,601
| 17,956,804
| 21.63
| 7.16
| 14.1
| −0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.60
| 45.2
| 66.9
|-
| 2011
| 1,261,224,952
| 26,681,990
| 8,889,393
| 17,743,388
| 21.16
| 7.05
| 13.7
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.54
| 43.0
| 67.4
|-
| 2012
| 1,278,674,506
| 26,432,416
| 8,879,964
| 17,449,554
| 20.67
| 6.95
| 13.3
| 0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.47
| 40.8
| 67.9
|-
| 2013
| 1,295,829,506
| 25,995,998
| 8,888,126
| 17,155,000
| 20.06
| 6.86
| 13.0
| 0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.41
| 38.7
| 68.5
|-
| 2014
| 1,312,277,184
| 25,050,538
| 8,884,412
| 16,447,678
| 19.09
| 6.77
| 12.3
| 0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.31
| 36.7
| 69.1
|-
| 2015
| 1,328,024,492
| 25,147,252
| 8,936,426
| 15,747,308
| 18.94
| 6.73
| 12.1
| −0.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.29
| 34.7
| 69.6
|-
| 2016
| 1,343,944,293
| 25,207,146
| 9,004,539
| 15,919,801
| 18.76
 |6.70
| 11.9
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.27
| 32.8
| 70.1
|-
| 2017
| 1,359,657,392
| 24,466,744
| 9,072,749
| 15,713,099
| 18.00
| 6.67
| 11.3
| 0.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.20
| 31.1
| 70.5
|-
| 2018
| 1,374,659,068
| 24,620,206
| 9,169,449
| 15,001,676
| 17.91
| 6.67
| 11.0
| −0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.18
| 29.4
| 70.7
|-
| 2019
| 1,389,030,303
| 24,124,982
| 9,264,486
| 14,371,235
| 17.37
| 6.67
| 10.3
| 0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;" |2.11
| 27.9
| 70.9
|-
| 2020
| 1,402,617,692
| 23,485,340
| 10,118,286
| 13,587,389
| 16.74
| 7.21
| 9.2
| 0.4
| 2.05
| 26.6
| 70.1
|-
| 2021
| 1,414,203,889
| 23,321,854
| style="color:red" |13,093,783
| 11,586,197
| 16.49
| 9.26
| style="color:red" |7.0
| −1.0
| 2.01
| style=" color:blue" |25.5
| 67.2
|-
| 2022
| 1,425,423,212
| 23,286,124
| 9,373,180
| 11,219,323
| 16.34
| style="color:blue"|6.58
| 7.2
| −0.4
| 1.99
| style=" color:blue" |23.8624
| 67.7
|-
| 2023
| 1,438,069,597
| 23,219,488
| 9,507,013
| 12,646,385
| style="color: red"|16.15
| 6.61
| 9.5
| −1.4
| style="color:red" | 1.98
| style=" color:blue" | 22.6186
| style=" color:blue"| 72.0
|-
| 2024
| 1,450,935,791
| 23,186,978
| 9,557,050
| 12,999,094
| 15.98
| 6.59
| 9.39
| -0.43
| 
| 
| style=" color:blue"| 
|}
{{sticky table end}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 450
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=year
| yAxisTitle= million
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022

| y1= 357,365,373,381,390,399,408,417,426,436,446,456,467,478,489,500,511,522,533,545,558,570,583,596,610,624,637,652,666,681,697,713,729,746,763,780,798,816,
834,852,870,889,908,926,945,964,983,1002,1021,1041,1060,1079,1098,1117,1136,1155,1172,1190,1207,1224,1241,1258,1274,1291,1307,1323,1339,1354,1369,1383,1396,1408, 1417

| y1Title= population (million)

}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 450
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= ‰
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| hAnnotatonsLine=
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021

| y1=21.6,21.6,21.9,22.1,22.7,22.8,22.8,22.8,22.7,22.7,22.9,22.8,22.9,22.9,23.0,21.7,21.6,21.5,22.4,22.3,22.3,22.5,22.5,22.7,22.8,22.6,22.7,22.2,22.1,22.3,22.5,22.7,22.6,22.6,22.7,22.5,22.7,22.2,21.9,21.6,21.1,21.0,20.7,20.3,20.0,19.7,19.4,19.0,18.7,18.4,18.3,18.2,17.7,17.2,16.7,16.1,15.5,15.1,14.7,14.5,14.1,13.7,13.3,13.0,12.3,12.1,11.9,11.3,11.0,10.3,9.2,7.0

| y1Title=Natural change (per 1000)
}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 450
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= ‰
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| hAnnotatonsLine=
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021,2022

| y1= 181.2,180.1,177.5,175.3,172.2,169.7,167.3,165.0,162.7,160.3,158.2,156.4,154.5,152.7,151.1,156.4,154.7,153.1,145.0,143.3,141.7,139.9,138.5,136.3,
133.3,130.7,127.9,124.9,121.7,118.4,115.2,112.1,109.3,106.7,104.2,101.8,99.4,97.0,94.6,92.2,89.8,87.6,85.5,83.5,81.4,79.3,77.1,74.8,72.5,70.2,67.8,65.4,63.1,
60.8,58.6,56.3,54.1,51.9,49.6,47.4,45.2,43.0,40.8,38.7,36.7,34.7,32.8,31.1,29.4,27.9,26.6,25.5

| y1Title=Infant Mortality (per 1000 live births)
}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 450
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= TFR
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| hAnnotatonsLine=2.1
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021

| y1= 5.73,5.77,5.82,5.87,5.91,5.91,5.91,5.91,5.90,5.89,5.92,5.94,5.95,5.97,5.98,5.94,5.88,5.83,5.76,5.68,5.62,5.57,5.48,5.40,5.33,5.20,5.13,5.01,
4.89,4.81,4.78,4.70,4.62,4.57,4.52,4.43,4.40,4.31,4.22,4.13,4.05,3.96,3.88,3.80,3.72,3.65,3.58,3.51,3.45,3.38,3.35,3.30,3.22,3.12,3.05,2.96,
2.86,2.78,2.72,2.67,2.60,2.54,2.47,2.41,2.31,2.29,2.27,2.20,2.18,2.11,2.05,2.03

| y1Title=Total Fertility Rate
}}

=== Census of India: sample registration system ===
[[File:India TFR regions 2011.png|thumb|390px|Total fertility rate map: average births per woman by districts, 2011]]
{{sticky table start}}{{static row numbers}}{{mw-datatable}}{{sort under}}{{Table alignment}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Census of India: sample registration system<ref>{{cite web|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/census.website/data/SRSB|title=Census of India: Sample Registration System (SRS) Bulletins|last=ORGI|website=censusindia.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001|title=United Nations Statistics Division – Demographic and Social Statistics}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-Common/Annual_Report.html|title=Census of India Website: Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=censusindia.gov.in}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Bhavan |first=Nirman |year=2015 |title=National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) 2015–16 |url=http://rchiips.org/NFHS/pdf/NFHS4/India.pdf |access-date=13 June 2022 |website=[[Ministry of Health and Family Welfare]] |publisher=[[Government of India]] |pages=2–5 }}</ref>
|-
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | Year
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Average population<br />
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Live births<sup>1</sup>
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Deaths<sup>1</sup>
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Natural change
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Crude birth rate<br />(per 1000)
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Crude death rate<br />(per 1000)
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Natural change<br />(per 1000)
! scope="col" style="text-align: right; width: 70pt;" data-sort-type="number" | Total fertility rate
|-
| 1981
| style="text-align: right;" | 716,493,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:24289000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8956000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:15333000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 33.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.4
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.52
|-
| 1982
| style="text-align: right;" | 733,152,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:24781000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8725000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16056000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 33.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.9
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.5
|-
| 1983
| style="text-align: right;" | 750,034,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25276000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8925000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16351000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 33.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.5
|-
| 1984
| style="text-align: right;" | 767,147,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26006000}}
| style="text-align: right; | {{formatnum:9666000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16340000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 33.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.3
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.5
|-
| 1985
| style="text-align: right;" | 784,491,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25810000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9257000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:16553000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 32.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.1
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.3
|-
| 1986
| style="text-align: right;" | 802,052,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26147000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8903000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17244000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 32.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.5
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.15
|-
| 1987
| style="text-align: right;" | 819,800,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26316000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8936000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17380000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 32.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.2
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.1
|-
| 1988
| style="text-align: right;" | 837,700,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26388000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9215000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17173000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 31.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.5
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 4.0
|-
| 1989
| style="text-align: right;" | 855,707,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26185000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8814000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17371000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 30.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.3
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.9
|-
| 1990
| style="text-align: right;" | 873,785,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26388000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8476000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17912000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 30.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.5
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.8
|-
| 1991
| style="text-align: right;" | 891,910,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26133000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8741000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17392000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 29.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.5
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.64
|-
| 1992
| style="text-align: right;" | 910,065,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26392000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9192000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17200000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 29.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.9
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.6
|-
| 1993
| style="text-align: right;" | 928,226,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26640000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8633000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18007000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 0
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.4
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.5
|-
| 1994
| style="text-align: right;" | 946,373,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27161000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8801000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18360000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.4
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.5
|-
| 1995
| style="text-align: right;" | 964,486,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27295000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8680000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18615000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.3
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.5
|-
| 1996
| style="text-align: right;" | 982,553,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26824000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8745000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18079000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 27.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.4
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.40
|-
| 1997
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,000,558,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27215000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8905000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18310000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 27.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.3
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.3
|-
| 1998
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,018,471,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26989000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9166000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17823000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.5
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.2
|-
| 1999
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,036,259,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26943000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9015000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17928000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.3
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.2
|-
| 2000
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,053,898,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27191000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8958000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18233000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.3
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.2
|-
| 2001
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,071,374,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27213000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:9000000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18213000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.0
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.10
|-
| 2002
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,088,694,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27217000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8818000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18399000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.9
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.0
|-
| 2003
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,105,886,000
| style="text-align: right; color:blue" | {{formatnum:27426000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8847000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18579000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.8
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 3.0
|-
| 2004
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,122,991,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27064000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8422000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18642000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.6
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.9
|-
| 2005
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,140,043,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27133000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8664000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18469000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.2
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.9
|-
| 2006
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,157,039,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:27190000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8678000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18512000}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.0
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.79
|-
| 2007
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,134,024,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26195954}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8391778}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17804176}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.7
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.7
|-
| 2008
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,150,196,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26224469}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8511450}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17713019}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.4
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.6
|-
| 2009
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,166,228,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26240130}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8513464}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17726666}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.2
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.6
|-
| 2010
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,182,108,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26124587}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8511178}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17613409}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.9
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.5
|-
| 2011
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,197,658,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26108944}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8503372}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17605572}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.7
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.44
|-
| 2012
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,212,827,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26197063}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8489789}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17707274}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.6
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.38
|-
| 2013
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,227,012,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26258057}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8589084}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17668973}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.4
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.34
|-
| 2014
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,243,542,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:25904377}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8264730}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:17639647}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.3
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.32
|-
| 2015
| style="text-align: right;" | 1,259,108,000
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:26189446}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:8184202}}
| style="text-align: right;" | {{formatnum:18005244}}
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.3
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.27
|-
| 2016
| style="text-align: right;" |1,273,986,000
| style="text-align: right;" |25,989,314
| style="text-align: right;" |8,153,510
| style="text-align: right;" |17,835,804
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.0
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.26
|-
| 2017<ref name="indiatoday.in">{{Cite web|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/diu/story/declining-fertility-rate-may-shrink-india-population-300-million-80-years-1703598-2020-07-23|title = Declining fertility rate may shrink India's population by 300 million in 80 years| date=23 July 2020 }}</ref>
| style="text-align: right;" |1,288,522,000
| style="text-align: right;" |26,028,144
| style="text-align: right;" |8,117,689
| style="text-align: right;" |17,910,455
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.9
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.18
|-
| 2018
| style="text-align: right;" |1,324,609,000
| style="text-align: right;" |26,492,180
| style="text-align: right;" |8,212,576
| style="text-align: right;" |18,279,604
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.8
| style="text-align: right; color:blue;" | 2.15
|-
| 2019
| style="text-align: right;" |1,338,995,000
| style="text-align: right;" |24,820,886
| style="text-align: right;" |7,641,076
| style="text-align: right;" |17,179,810
| style="text-align: right; | 18.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.08<ref>{{cite web| url = https://censusindia.gov.in/2011-Common/CRS_2019/CRS2019_report.pdf| title = Statement 1: Civil Registration System: At A Glance, VITAL STATISTICS OF INDIA BASED ON THE CIVIL REGISTRATION SYSTEM 2019}}</ref>
|-
| 2020
| style="text-align: right;" |1,353,378,000
| style="text-align: right;" |24,222,444
| style="text-align: right;" |8,115,882
| style="text-align: right;" |16,106,562
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.03
|-
| 2021<ref name="SRS2021">{{cite web |title=Sample Registration System Statistical Report 2021 |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/720 |website=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs |date=7 May 2025 |access-date=10 May 2025}}</ref>
| style="text-align: right;" |1,414,203,889
| style="text-align: right; color:red;" |23,321,854
| style="text-align: right;" |13,093,783
| style="text-align: right;" |10,228,071
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.00
|-
| colspan="9" | <sup>1</sup> <small>The numbers of births and deaths were calculated from the birth and death rates and the average population.</small>
|}
{{sticky table end}}

=== Life expectancy ===
{{See also|List of Indian states by life expectancy at birth}}
[[File:12889 2024 18278 Fig4 HTML.webp|thumb|297x297px|Life Expectancy at birth in India by district based on the analysis of NFHS-5 data (2019–2021)<ref>{{cite report |title=Life expectancy at birth, total – India |publisher=BMC Public Health |date=2024 |doi=10.1186/s12889-024-18278-3 |doi-access=free |pmid=38627658|pmc=11021017 }}</ref>]]
[[File:Life expectancy by WBG -India -diff.png|thumb|280px|Life expectancy at birth in India since 1960 with calculated sex gap<ref name="wbg_total">{{cite web|title=Life expectancy at birth, total – India|url=https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.DYN.LE00.IN?locations=IN|publisher=[[World Bank Group]]}}</ref><ref>UN, World Population Prospects (2024)</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Life expectancy at birth |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?time=1950..2020&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&hideControls=false&Metric=Life+expectancy&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=At+birth&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~IND}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Life expectancy at age 15 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?time=1950..2020&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&hideControls=false&Metric=Life+expectancy&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Aged+15&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~IND}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Life expectancy at age 65 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?time=1950..2020&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&hideControls=false&Metric=Life+expectancy&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Aged+65&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~IND}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Life expectancy at age 80 |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?time=1950..2020&showSelectionOnlyInTable=1&hideControls=false&Metric=Life+expectancy&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Aged+80&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~IND}}</ref>]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! Period
! Life expectancy at birth
! Life expectancy at age 15
! Life expectancy at age 65
! Life expectancy at age 80
|-
| 1950
| 41.18
| 60.06
| 75.90
| 84.77
|-
| 1955
| 43.74
| 60.96
| 76.14
| 84.86
|-
| 1960
| 45.61
| 61.75
| 76.33
| 84.93
|-
| 1965
| 45.56
| 61.84
| 76.20
| 84.91
|-
| 1970
| 48.59
| 63.40
| 76.55
| 85.30
|-
| 1975
| 50.76
| 64.68
| 77.00
| 85.69
|-
| 1980
| 53.59
| 66.10
| 77.22
| 85.82
|-
| 1985
| 56.32
| 67.35
| 77.30
| 85.81
|-
| 1990
| 58.62
| 68.32
| 77.59
| 85.94
|-
| 1995
| 60.63
| 69.08
| 78.06
| 86.22
|-
| 2000
| 62.75
| 69.92
| 78.56
| 86.44
|-
| 2005
| 64.94
| 70.84
| 78.87
| 86.45
|-
| 2010
| 67.16
| 71.83
| 79.28
| 86.64
|-
| 2015
| 69.33
| 72.88
| 79.91
| 87.14
|-
| 2020
| 70.16
| 72.81
| 79.48
| 86.92
|}

'''Demographic and Health Surveys'''
From the Demographic Health Survey:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dhsprogram.com/methodology/Survey-Search.cfm|title=The DHS Program – Survey Search|website=dhsprogram.com}}</ref>

[[File:TFR of India to 2016.svg|thumb|280px|TFR of India to 2016]]

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
|+ Crude birth rate and total fertility rate (wanted fertility rate)
|-
! rowspan=2 | Year
! colspan=2 | Total
! colspan=2 | Urban
! colspan=2 | Rural
|-
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup>
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup>
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup>
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | 1992–1993
| 28.7
| 3.39 (2.64)
| 24.1
| 2.70 (2.09)
| 30.4
| 3.67 (2.86)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | 1998–1999
| 24.8
| 2.85 (2.13)
| 20.9
| 2.27 (1.73)
| 26.2
| 3.07 (2.28)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | 2005–2006
| 23.1
| 2.68 (1.90)
| 18.8
| 2.06 (1.60)
| 25.0
| 2.98 (2.10)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | 2015–2016
| 19.0
| 2.18 (1.8)
| 15.8
| 1.75 (1.5)
| 20.7
| 2.41 (1.9)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | 2019–2021
| 17.1
| 1.99 (1.6)
| 14.0
| 1.63 (1.4)
| 18.6
| 2.14 (1.7)
|-
| colspan="7" | <small>CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). <sup>1</sup>Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate.</small>
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Total fertility rate (wanted fertility rate) by religion
|-
! Year
! Hindu
! Muslim
! Christian
! Sikh
! Buddhist/<br />Neo-Buddhist
! Jain
! Other
|-
| 2019–2021
| 1.94 (1.6)
| 2.36 (1.8)
| 1.88 (1.7)
| 1.61 (1.4)
| 1.39 (1.2)
| 1.60 (1.5)
| 2.15 (1.7)
|-
| colspan="7" | <small>CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). <sup>1</sup>Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate.</small>
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;"
|+ Crude birth rate and total fertility rate (wanted fertility rate) 2015–2016
|-
! rowspan=2 | State (Population 2011)
! colspan=2 | Total
! colspan=2 | Urban
! colspan=2 | Rural
|-
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup>
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup>
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup>
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Uttar Pradesh]] (199 812 341)
| 22.6
| 2.74 (2.06)
| 18.6
| 2.08 (1.62)
| 24.0
| 2.99 (2.22)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Maharashtra]] (112 374 333)
| 16.6
| 1.87 (1.57)
| 15.5
| 1.68 (1.41)
| 17.5
| 2.06 (1.73)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Bihar]] (104 099 452)
| 27.1
| 3.41 (2.48)
| 20.4
| 2.42 (1.83)
| 28.0
| 3.56 (2.58)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[West Bengal]] (91 276 115)
| 16.6
| 1.77 (1.53)
| 14.0
| 1.57 (1.38)
| 18.0
| 1.85 (1.58)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Madhya Pradesh]] (72 626 809)
| 20.2
| 2.32 (1.82)
| 17.7
| 1.95 (1.61)
| 21.3
| 2.48 (1.91)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Tamil Nadu]] (72 147 030)
| 15.5
| 1.70 (1.51)
| 13.9
| 1.54 (1.38)
| 17.2
| 1.86 (1.63)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Rajasthan]] (68 548 437)
| 20.8
| 2.40 (1.81)
| 17.5
| 1.94 (1.52)
| 22.0
| 2.56 (1.91)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Karnataka]] (61 095 297)
| 15.9
| 1.81 (1.42)
| 15.2
| 1.65 (1.30)
| 16.5
| 1.92 (1.50)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Gujarat]] (60 439 692)
| 16.7
| 2.03 (1.54)
| 15.3
| 1.82 (1.39)
| 17.9
| 2.19 (1.64)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Andhra Pradesh]] (49 386 799)
| 16.1
| 1.83 (1.64)
| 13.9
| 1.53 (1.39)
| 17.0
| 1.96 (1.75)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Odisha]] (41 974 218)
| 18.1
| 2.05 (1.69)
| 15.6
| 1.73 (1.50)
| 18.7
| 2.12 (1.72)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Telangana]] (35 193 978)
| 17.1
| 1.79 (1.59)
| 17.1
| 1.67 (1.53)
| 17.2
| 1.88 (1.64)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Kerala]] (33 406 061)
| 11.2
| 1.56 (1.47)
| 11.4
| 1.57 (1.47)
| 11.0
| 1.55 (1.46)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jharkhand]] (32 988 134)
| 21.7
| 2.55 (2.06)
| 16.3
| 1.78 (1.47)
| 23.5
| 2.83 (2.27)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Assam]] (31 205 576)
| 19.5
| 2.21 (1.78)
| 13.2
| 1.45 (1.25)
| 20.5
| 2.34 (1.87)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] (27 743 338)
| 13.8
| 1.62 (1.37)
| 13.5
| 1.59 (1.32)
| 14.0
| 1.63 (1.39)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Chhattisgarh]] (25 545 198)
| 20.7
| 2.23 (1.88)
| 17.9
| 1.78 (1.58)
| 21.5
| 2.37 (1.97)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Haryana]] (25 351 462)
| 18.7
| 2.05 (1.63)
| 16.3
| 1.78 (1.44)
| 20.2
| 2.22 (1.75)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] (12 541 302)
| 17.7
| 2.01 (1.67)
| 13.9
| 1.58 (1.39)
| 19.4
| 2.18 (1.77)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Uttarakhand]] (10 086 292)
| 19.0
| 2.07 (1.60)
| 17.1
| 1.80 (1.43)
| 20.0
| 2.24 (1.71)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Himachal Pradesh]] (6 864 602)
| 15.3
| 1.88 (1.55)
| 12.0
| 1.43 (1.15)
| 15.7
| 1.92 (1.59)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Tripura]] (3 673 917)
| 15.3
| 1.69 (1.55)
| 12.7
| 1.40 (1.34)
| 16.4
| 1.80 (1.62)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Meghalaya]] (2 966 889)
| 24.6
| 3.04 (2.79)
| 16.1
| 1.67 (1.57)
| 26.7
| 3.47 (3.18)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Manipur]] (2 855 794)
| 21.2
| 2.61 (2.33)
| 17.5
| 2.14 (1.96)
| 23.7
| 2.92 (2.57)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Nagaland]] (1 978 502)
| 21.4
| 2.74 (2.35)
| 16.3
| 1.78 (1.58)
| 24.1
| 3.38 (2.86)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Goa]] (1 458 545)
| 12.8
| 1.66 (1.37)
| 13.4
| 1.72 (1.37)
| 11.7
| 1.55 (1.37)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Arunachal Pradesh]] (1 383 727)
| 17.9
| 2.12 (1.64)
| 17.0
| 1.69 (1.26)
| 18.2
| 2.29 (1.79)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Mizoram]] (1 097 206)
| 18.7
| 2.26 (2.15)
| 16.9
| 1.97 (1.89)
| 21.2
| 2.71 (2.54)
|-
| style="text-align: left;" | [[Sikkim]] (610 577)
| 11.4
| 1.17 (0.88)
| 12.1
| 1.11 (0.82)
| 11.1
| 1.21 (0.91)
|-
| colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" |<small>CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). <sup>1</sup>Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate.</small>
|}

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
|+ Crude birth rate and total fertility rate (wanted fertility rate) 2019–2021<ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://dhsprogram.com/publications/publication-fr374-dhs-final-reports.cfm|title=India national family health survey NFHS-5 2019–21|date=15 March 2022|website=Demographic and Health Surveys Program}}</ref>
|-
! rowspan=2 | State (Population 2011)
! colspan=2 | Total
! colspan=2 | Urban
! colspan=2 | Rural
|-
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup>
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup>
! CBR !! TFR<sup>1</sup>
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Uttar Pradesh]] (199 812 341)
| 20.5
| 2.35 (1.77)
| 16.7
| 1.88 (1.49)
| 21.8
| 2.50 (1.86)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Maharashtra]] (112 374 333)
| 13.8
| 1.71 (1.43)
| 12.6
| 1.50 (1.27)
| 15.0
| 1.89 (1.58)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Bihar]] (104 099 452)
| 25.9
| 2.98 (2.25)
| 20.4
| 2.35 (1.88)
| 27.0
| 3.11 (2.31)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[West Bengal]] (91 276 115)
| 15.5
| 1.64 (1.42)
| 12.4
| 1.39 (1.24)
| 17.0
| 1.73 (1.48)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Madhya Pradesh]] (72 626 809)
| 17.2
| 1.99 (1.61)
| 13.7
| 1.61 (1.34)
| 18.5
| 2.12 (1.69)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tamil Nadu]] (72 147 030)
| 13.7
| 1.76 (1.59)
| 12.7
| 1.61 (1.50)
| 14.6
| 1.89 (1.66)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Rajasthan]] (68 548 437)
| 18.7
| 2.01 (1.61)
| 15.3
| 1.67 (1.42)
| 19.8
| 2.11 (1.65)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Karnataka]] (61 095 297)
| 14.2
| 1.67 (1.38)
| 13.2
| 1.50 (1.25)
| 14.9
| 1.79 (1.46)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Gujarat]] (60 439 692)
| 15.0
| 1.86 (1.53)
| 13.3
| 1.65 (1.39)
| 16.3
| 2.0 (1.60)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Andhra Pradesh]] (49 386 799)
| 13.8
| 1.68 (1.55)
| 12.5
| 1.47 (1.36)
| 14.3
| 1.78 (1.64)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Odisha]] (41 974 218)
| 15.9
| 1.82 (1.52)
| 13.1
| 1.48 (1.26)
| 16.5
| 1.89 (1.57)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Telangana]] (35 193 978)
| 15.3
| 1.75 (1.55)
| 16.0
| 1.75 (1.57)
| 15.3
| 1.74 (1.54)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Kerala]] (33 406 061)
| 11.8
| 1.79 (1.68)
| 11.9
| 1.82 (1.71)
| 11.6
| 1.76 (1.65)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Jharkhand]] (32 988 134)
| 20.2
| 2.26 (1.87)
| 14.2
| 1.56 (1.32)
| 22.0
| 2.48 (2.04)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Assam]] (31 205 576)
| 16.8
| 1.87 (1.56)
| 13.1
| 1.50 (1.37)
| 17.4
| 1.93 (1.59)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] (27 743 338)
| 13.3
| 1.63 (1.35)
| 12.1
| 1.55 (1.29)
| 14.0
| 1.68 (1.38)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Chhattisgarh]] (25 545 198)
| 16.4
| 1.82 (1.57)
| 13.6
| 1.42 (1.28)
| 17.2
| 1.94 (1.66)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Haryana]] (25 351 462)
| 16.4
| 1.91 (1.54)
| 14.1
| 1.65 (1.38)
| 17.5
| 2.04 (1.62)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]] (12 541 302)
| 13.1
| 1.41 (1.3)
|
|
|
|
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Uttarakhand]] (10 086 292)
| 16.7
| 1.85 (1.46)
| 16.8
| 1.84 (1.47)
| 16.6
| 1.86 (1.47)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Himachal Pradesh]] (6 864 602)
| 12.7
| 1.66 (1.43)
| 11.2
| 1.43 (1.36)
| 12.9
| 1.69 (1.44)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Tripura]] (3 673 917)
| 14.5
| 1.70 (1.49)
| 11.0
| 1.39 (1.29)
| 15.8
| 1.81 (1.56)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Meghalaya]] (2 966 889)
| 24.2
| 2.91 (2.66)
| 14.8
| 1.57 (1.43)
| 26.5
| 3.31 (3.04)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Manipur]] (2 855 794)
| 17.4
| 2.17 (1.98)
| 14.7
| 1.84 (1.73)
| 19.1
| 2.38 (2.13)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Nagaland]] (1 978 502)
| 15.4
| 1.72 (1.57)
| 12.5
| 1.21 (1.13)
| 16.8
| 2.00 (1.82)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Goa]] (1 458 545)
| 10.3
| 1.30 (1.21)
| 10.3
| 1.26 (1.19)
| 10.3
| 1.36 (1.24)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Arunachal Pradesh]] (1 383 727)
| 16.0
| 1.80 (1.49)
| 14.8
| 1.44 (1.24)
| 16.2
| 1.88 (1.54)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Mizoram]] (1 097 206)
| 15.0
| 1.87 (1.78)
| 13.9
| 1.63 (1.56)
| 16.4
| 2.19 (2.08)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Sikkim]] (610 577)
| 10.2
| 1.05 (0.85)
| 7.8
| 0.71 (0.54)
| 11.7
| 1.32 (1.11)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Delhi]]
| 14.8
| 1.62 (1.29)
| 14.6
| 1.60 (1.27)
| 23.4
| 2.47 (2.06)
|-
| colspan="7" style="text-align:left;" |<small>CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman). <sup>1</sup>Number in parentheses represents the wanted fertility rate.</small>
|}

'''Regional vital statistics'''

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Birth rate, death rate, natural growth rate, and infant mortality rate, by state and UT(2010)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Bulletins/SRS%20Bulletin_%20December%202011%20.pdf |title=SRS Bulletin Sample Registration system |website=censusindia.gov.in |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120131102919/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/vital_statistics/SRS_Bulletins/SRS%20Bulletin_%20December%202011%20.pdf |archive-date=31 January 2012}}</ref>
|-
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" rowspan="2" | State or UT
! scope="col" colspan="3" | Birth rate
! scope="col" colspan="3" | Death rate
! scope="col" colspan="3" | Natural growth rate
! scope="col" colspan="3" | Infant mortality rate
|-
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Total
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Rural
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Urban
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Total
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Rural
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Urban
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Total
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Rural
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Urban
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Total
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Rural
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" data-sort-type="number" | Urban
|-
| Andaman and Nicobar Islands
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 25
| style="text-align: right;" | 29
| style="text-align: right;" | 18
|-
| Andhra Pradesh
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 46
| style="text-align: right;" | 51
| style="text-align: right;" | 33
|-
| Arunachal Pradesh
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 2.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 31
| style="text-align: right;" | 34
| style="text-align: right;" | 12
|-
| Assam
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 58
| style="text-align: right;" | 60
| style="text-align: right;" | 36
|-
| Bihar
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 48
| style="text-align: right;" | 49
| style="text-align: right;" | 38
|-
| Chandigarh
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 22
| style="text-align: right;" | 20
| style="text-align: right;" | 23
|-
| Chhattisgarh
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 51
| style="text-align: right;" | 52
| style="text-align: right;" | 44
|-
| Dadra and Nagar Haveli
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 38
| style="text-align: right;" | 43
| style="text-align: right;" | 22
|-
| Daman and Diu
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 23
| style="text-align: right;" | 19
| style="text-align: right;" | 29
|-
| Delhi
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 30
| style="text-align: right;" | 37
| style="text-align: right;" | 29
|-
| Goa
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 10
| style="text-align: right;" | 10
| style="text-align: right;" | 10
|-
| Gujarat
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 44
| style="text-align: right;" | 51
| style="text-align: right;" | 30
|-
| Haryana
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 23.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 48
| style="text-align: right;" | 51
| style="text-align: right;" | 38
|-
| Himachal Pradesh
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 40
| style="text-align: right;" | 41
| style="text-align: right;" | 29
|-
| Jammu and Kashmir
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 43
| style="text-align: right;" | 45
| style="text-align: right;" | 32
|-
| Jharkhand
| style="text-align: right;" | 25.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 42
| style="text-align: right;" | 44
| style="text-align: right;" | 30
|-
| Karnataka
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 38
| style="text-align: right;" | 43
| style="text-align: right;" | 28
|-
| Kerala
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 13
| style="text-align: right;" | 14
| style="text-align: right;" | 10
|-
| Lakshadweep
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 25
| style="text-align: right;" | 23
| style="text-align: right;" | 27
|-
| Madhya Pradesh
| style="text-align: right;" | 27.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 29.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 62
| style="text-align: right;" | 67
| style="text-align: right;" | 42
|-
| Maharashtra
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 28
| style="text-align: right;" | 34
| style="text-align: right;" | 20
|-
| Manipur
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 14
| style="text-align: right;" | 15
| style="text-align: right;" | 9
|-
| Meghalaya
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 55
| style="text-align: right;" | 58
| style="text-align: right;" | 37
|-
| Mizoram
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 37
| style="text-align: right;" | 47
| style="text-align: right;" | 21
|-
| Nagaland
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 23
| style="text-align: right;" | 24
| style="text-align: right;" | 20
|-
| Odisha
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 21.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 61
| style="text-align: right;" | 63
| style="text-align: right;" | 43
|-
| Puducherry
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.4
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 22
| style="text-align: right;" | 25
| style="text-align: right;" | 21
|-
| Punjab
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 34
| style="text-align: right;" | 37
| style="text-align: right;" | 28
|-
| Rajasthan
| style="text-align: right;" | 26.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 27.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 22.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 55
| style="text-align: right;" | 61
| style="text-align: right;" | 31
|-
| Sikkim
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 3.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 30
| style="text-align: right;" | 31
| style="text-align: right;" | 19
|-
| Tamil Nadu
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 7.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 24
| style="text-align: right;" | 25
| style="text-align: right;" | 22
|-
| Tripura
| style="text-align: right;" | 14.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 15.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 4.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 9.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 27
| style="text-align: right;" | 29
| style="text-align: right;" | 19
|-
| Uttar Pradesh
| style="text-align: right;" | 28.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 29.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 24.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 8.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 17.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 61
| style="text-align: right;" | 64
| style="text-align: right;" | 44
|-
| Uttarakhand
| style="text-align: right;" | 19.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 20.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.2
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 13.5
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.1
| style="text-align: right;" | 38
| style="text-align: right;" | 41
| style="text-align: right;" | 25
|-
| West Bengal
| style="text-align: right;" | 16.8
| style="text-align: right;" | 18.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 11.9
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.0
| style="text-align: right;" | 6.3
| style="text-align: right;" | 10.7
| style="text-align: right;" | 12.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 5.6
| style="text-align: right;" | 31
| style="text-align: right;" | 32
| style="text-align: right;" | 25
|}

'''Neonatal and infant demographics'''
[[File:IndiaIMRates.jpg|thumb|upright=1.28|[[Infant mortality]] rate trends in India<br />(per 1000 births, under age 1, national average)]]
[[File:India Male to Female Sex Ratio 1941 1951 1961 1981 1991 2001 2011.png|thumb|390px|Male to female sex ratio for India, based on its official census data, from 1941 through 2011.<ref>"Sex Composition of the Population", Office of Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India (2013)</ref> The data suggest the existence of high sex ratios before and after the arrival of ultrasound-based prenatal care and sex screening technologies in India.]]
The table below represents the [[infant mortality rate]] trends in India, based on sex, over the last 15 years. In the urban areas of India, average male infant mortality rates are slightly higher than average female infant mortality rates.<ref name=":0" />

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Infant mortality rate trend (deaths per 1000) As per NFHS & UNICEF Data.
|-
! scope="col" style="text-align: left;" | Year
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" | Male
! scope="col" style="text-align: right;" | Female
! Total
|-
| 1998<ref>{{cite web|title=Sample Registration System, Registrar General, Volume 33, No. 1|date=April 2000|publisher=Census of India, Government of India|url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Vital_Statistics/SRS_Bulletins/SRS_Bulletins_links/Bulletin_2000_Vol_33_No_1.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220120235750/http://censusindia.gov.in/Vital_Statistics/SRS_Bulletins/SRS_Bulletins_links/Bulletin_2000_Vol_33_No_1.pdf |archive-date= 20 January 2022 }}</ref>
| 69.8
| 73.5
| 71.6
|-
| 2005<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=2005–06 National Family Health Survey, Infant and Child Mortality|year=2006|publisher=NFHS, a Government of India Organisation |website=MEASURE DHS |url=http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FRIND3/07Chapter07.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513132617/http://www.measuredhs.com/pubs/pdf/FRIND3/07Chapter07.pdf |archive-date= 13 May 2013 }}</ref>
| 56.3
| 58
| 57<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=http://rchiips.org/NFHS/pdf/NFHS4/India.pdf|title=India Fact Sheet – NFHS-4 – 2015–16 |publisher=International Institute for Population Sciences |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240311005237/http://rchiips.org/nfhs/pdf/NFHS4/India.pdf |archive-date= 11 March 2024 }}</ref>
|-
| 2009<ref>{{cite web|title=SAMPLE REGISTRATION SYSTEM, REGISTRAR GENERAL, Volume 45, No. 1|date=January 2011|publisher=Census of India, Government of India|url=http://www.nfhsindia.org/NFHS-3%20Data/NFHS-3%20NKF/Report.pdf|access-date=18 January 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120209165040/http://nfhsindia.org/NFHS-3%20Data/NFHS-3%20NKF/Report.pdf|archive-date=9 February 2012}}</ref>
| 49
| 52
| {{n/a}}
|-
| 2014<ref>{{Cite web |title=National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), 2015–16: India |url=http://rchiips.org/nfhs/NFHS-4Reports/India.pdf|publisher=International Institute for Population Sciences |date=2017 |pages= 196 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240209140647/http://rchiips.org/nfhs/nfhs-4Reports/India.pdf |archive-date= 9 February 2024 }}</ref>
| 43.7
| 37.90
| 40.7<ref name=":2" />
|-
| 2018<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://data.unicef.org/resources/data_explorer/unicef_f/?ag=UNICEF&df=GLOBAL_DATAFLOW&ver=1.0&dq=IND.CME_TMM0+CME_MRY1T4+CME_MRY5T14+CME_TMY0T4+CME_TMY5T14+CME_TMY0+CME_MRY0+CME_TMY1T4+CME_MRY0T4..&startPeriod=2018&endPeriod=2020|title=Data Warehouse|website=UNICEF DATA|access-date=8 March 2020}}</ref>
| 29.95
| 29.88
| 29.94<ref name=":3" />
|}

India's 2011 census shows a serious decline in the number of girls under the age of seven – activists posit that eight million female [[fetus]]es may have been aborted between 2001 and 2011.<ref>{{cite news|last=Pandey|first=Geeta|title=India's unwanted girls|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-13264301|publisher=BBC News|access-date=23 May 2011|date=23 May 2011}}</ref>