Editing DNA virus (section)

===''Monodnaviria''===
''[[Monodnaviria]]'' contains ssDNA viruses that encode an [[endonuclease]] of the HUH superfamily that initiates [[rolling circle replication]] and all other viruses descended from such viruses. The prototypical members of the realm are called CRESS-DNA viruses and have circular ssDNA genomes. ssDNA viruses with linear genomes are descended from them, and in turn some dsDNA viruses with circular genomes are descended from linear ssDNA viruses.<ref name=mono />

Viruses in ''Monodnaviria'' appear to have emerged on multiple occasions from archaeal and bacterial [[plasmid]]s, a type of extra-chromosomal DNA molecule that self-replicates inside its host. The kingdom ''Shotokuvirae'' in the realm likely emerged from recombination events that merged the DNA of these plasmids and complementary DNA encoding the capsid proteins of RNA viruses.<ref name=mono /><ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Kazlauskas D, Varsani A, Koonin EV, Krupovic M|date=31 July 2019|title=Multiple Origins of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Single-Stranded DNA Viruses From Bacterial and Archaeal Plasmids|journal=Nat Commun|volume=10|issue=1|pages=3425|doi=10.1038/s41467-019-11433-0|pmc=6668415|pmid=31366885|bibcode=2019NatCo..10.3425K}}</ref>

CRESS-DNA viruses include three kingdoms that infect prokaryotes: ''[[Loebvirae]]'', ''[[Sangervirae]]'', and ''[[Trapavirae]]''. The kingdom ''[[Shotokuvirae]]'' contains eukaryotic CRESS-DNA viruses and the atypical members of ''Monodnaviria''.<ref name=mono /> Eukaryotic monodnaviruses are associated with many diseases, and they include [[papillomavirus]]es and [[polyomavirus]]es, which cause many cancers,<ref>{{cite web|title=Papillomaviridae|url=https://viralzone.expasy.org/5|website=ViralZone|publisher=Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics|access-date=24 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Polyomaviridae|url=https://viralzone.expasy.org/148|website=ViralZone|publisher=Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics|access-date=24 September 2020}}</ref> and [[geminivirus]]es, which infect many economically important crops.<ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Malathi VG, Renuka Devi P|date=March 2019|title=ssDNA Viruses: Key Players in Global Virome|journal=VirusDisease|volume=30|issue=1|pages=3–12|doi=10.1007/s13337-019-00519-4|pmc=6517461|pmid=31143827}}</ref>