Editing Condom (section)

== Use ==
[[File:CondomUse2 alternative.jpg|thumb|Illustrations showing how to put on a condom]]
External condoms are usually packaged inside a foil or plastic wrapper, in a rolled-up form, and are designed to be applied to the tip of the penis and then unrolled over the [[erection|erect]] penis. It is important that the closed end or the teat of the condom is pinched when the condom is placed on the tip of the penis. This will ensure that air is not trapped inside the condom which could cause it to burst during intercourse. In addition, this leaves space for the semen to collect which reduces the risk of it being forced out of the base of the device. Most condoms have a teat end for this purpose. Soon after ejaculating, the male should withdraw from his partner's body. The condom should then be carefully removed from the penis away from the other partner. It is recommended that the condom be wrapped in tissue or tied in a knot, then disposed of in a trash receptacle.<ref name="AliceDisposal" /> Condoms are used to reduce the likelihood of pregnancy during intercourse and to reduce the likelihood of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Condoms are also used during fellatio to reduce the likelihood of contracting STIs.

Some couples find that putting on a condom interrupts sex, although others incorporate condom application as part of their foreplay. Some men and women find the physical barrier of a condom dulls sensation. Advantages of dulled sensation can include prolonged erection and delayed ejaculation; disadvantages might include a loss of some sexual excitement.<ref name="planned parenthood" /> Advocates of condom use also cite their advantages of being inexpensive, easy to use, and having few side effects.<ref name="planned parenthood" /><ref name="fwhc">{{cite web |title=Male Condom |publisher=Feminist Women's Health Center |date=18 October 2007 |url=http://www.fwhc.org/birth-control/condom.htm |access-date=19 November 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071121011004/http://www.fwhc.org/birth-control/condom.htm |archive-date=21 November 2007}}</ref>

=== Adult film industry ===
In 2012 proponents gathered 372,000 voter signatures through a [[Popular initiative|citizens' initiative]] in [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles County]] to put [[Measure B]] on the 2012 ballot. As a result, Measure B, a law requiring the use of condoms in the production of [[pornographic films]], was passed.<ref>{{cite conference |url=https://apha.confex.com/apha/141am/webprogram/Paper282652.html |title=Successful advocacy for condoms in adult films: from idea to ballot, how did we do it? |first=Mark |last=McGrath |date=5 November 2013 |conference=141st Annual Meeting and Expo 2–6 November 2013, Boston, Massachusetts | conference-url = https://apha.confex.com/apha/141am/webprogram/start.html |publisher=[[American Public Health Association]] |location=Boston, Massachusetts |id=Paper no. 282652 | access-date = 8 November 2015 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151123031312/https://apha.confex.com/apha/141am/webprogram/Paper282652.html | archive-date = 23 November 2015}}</ref> This requirement has received much criticism and is said by some to be counter-productive, merely forcing companies that make pornographic films to relocate to other places without this requirement.<ref>{{cite news |author=The Times Editorial Board |title=Editorial: condoms for porn actors: a statewide law isn't the answer |url=https://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-condoms-porn-20140810-story.html |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] |access-date=27 May 2015 |date=10 August 2014 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150603190439/http://www.latimes.com/opinion/editorials/la-ed-condoms-porn-20140810-story.html|archive-date=3 June 2015}}</ref> Producers claim that condom use depresses sales.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hennessy-Fiske |first1=Molly |last2=Lin II |first2=Rong-Gong |title=Southern California – This Just In: Porn actor has tested positive for HIV; industry clinic officials confirm a quarantine is in effect |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2010/10/porn-actor-has-tested-positive-for-hiv-industry-clinic-officials-confirm.html |work=[[Los Angeles Times]] | access-date = 27 May 2015 |date=12 October 2010 | url-status = live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20101013025742/http://latimesblogs.latimes.com//lanow//2010//10//porn-actor-has-tested-positive-for-hiv-industry-clinic-officials-confirm.html | archive-date = 13 October 2010}}</ref>

=== Sex education ===
Condoms are often used in [[sex education]] programs, because they have the capability to reduce the chances of pregnancy and the spread of some sexually transmitted infections when used correctly. A recent [[American Psychological Association]] (APA) press release supported the inclusion of information about condoms in sex education, saying "comprehensive sexuality education programs&nbsp;... discuss the appropriate use of condoms", and "promote condom use for those who are sexually active."<ref>{{cite press release |title=Based on the research, comprehensive sex education is more effective at stopping the spread of HIV infection, says APA committee |publisher=American Psychological Association |date=23 February 2005 |url=http://www.apa.org/releases/sexeducation.html |access-date=11 August 2006 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060811000127/http://www.apa.org/releases/sexeducation.html |archive-date=11 August 2006}}</ref>

In the United States, teaching about condoms in public schools is opposed by some religious organizations.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Rector |first1= Robert E |last2=Pardue |first2= Melissa G |last3=Martin |first3= Shannan |title=What Do Parents Want Taught in Sex Education Programs? |publisher=The Heritage Foundation |date=28 January 2004 |url=http://www.heritage.org/Research/Welfare/bg1722.cfm |access-date=11 August 2006 |url-status=unfit |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060810093145/http://www.heritage.org/research/welfare/bg1722.cfm |archive-date=10 August 2006}}</ref> [[Planned Parenthood]], which advocates [[family planning]] and sex education, argues that no studies have shown abstinence-only programs to result in delayed intercourse, and cites surveys showing that 76% of American parents want their children to receive comprehensive sexuality education including condom use.<ref>{{cite web |title=New Study Supports Comprehensive Sex Ed Programs |publisher=Planned Parenthood of Northeast Ohio |date=7 July 2007 |url=http://www.plannedparenthood.org/about-us/newsroom/local-press-releases/new-study-supports-comprehensive-sex-ed-programs-22184.htm |access-date=26 July 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091018172315/http://www.plannedparenthood.org/about-us/newsroom/local-press-releases/new-study-supports-comprehensive-sex-ed-programs-22184.htm |archive-date=18 October 2009}}</ref>

=== Infertility treatment{{anchor|Infertility treatment}} ===
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Common procedures in [[infertility]] treatment such as [[semen analysis]] and [[Artificial insemination|intrauterine insemination]] (IUI) require [[semen collection|collection of semen samples]]. These are most commonly obtained through [[masturbation]], but an alternative to masturbation is use of a special ''collection condom'' to collect semen during sexual intercourse.

Collection condoms are made from [[Silicone rubber|silicone]] or [[polyurethane]], as latex is somewhat harmful to sperm.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Organisation |first1=World Health |title=WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination of Human Semen and Sperm-Cervical Mucus Interaction |date=1999 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-64599-7 |page=5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dEfWhZZcC0AC&pg=PA5 |access-date=29 May 2020 |archive-date=29 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829120350/https://www.google.com/books/edition/WHO_Laboratory_Manual_for_the_Examinatio/dEfWhZZcC0AC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=latex+affects+sperm&pg=PA5 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Religious views on masturbation|Some religions prohibit masturbation entirely]]. Also, compared with samples obtained from masturbation, semen samples from collection condoms have higher total sperm counts, sperm motility, and percentage of sperm with normal morphology. For this reason, they are believed to give more accurate results when used for semen analysis, and to improve the chances of pregnancy when used in procedures such as intracervical or intrauterine [[Artificial insemination|insemination]].<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=8288490 |year=1993 |last1=Sofikitis |first1=Nikolaos V. |title=Endocrinological, biophysical, and biochemical parameters of semen collected via masturbation versus sexual intercourse |journal=Journal of Andrology |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=366–373 |last2=Miyagawa |first2=Ikuo |doi=10.1002/j.1939-4640.1993.tb00402.x |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |pmid=4054324 |year=1985 |last1=Zavos |first1=P. M. |title=Seminal parameters of ejaculates collected from oligospermic and normospermic patients via masturbation and at intercourse with the use of a Silastic seminal fluid collection device |journal=Fertility and Sterility |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=517–520 |doi=10.1016/S0015-0282(16)48923-5|doi-access=free }}</ref> Adherents of religions that prohibit contraception, such as [[Catholicism]], may use collection condoms with holes pricked in them.<ref name="kippley" />{{Rp|306–307}}

For fertility treatments, a collection condom may be used to collect semen during [[sexual intercourse]] where the semen is provided by the woman's partner. Private [[sperm donors]] may also use a collection condom to obtain samples through masturbation or by sexual intercourse with a partner and will transfer the ejaculate from the collection condom to a specially designed container. The sperm is transported in such containers, in the case of a donor, to a recipient woman to be used for insemination, and in the case of a woman's partner, to a fertility clinic for processing and use. However, transportation may reduce the fecundity of the sperm. Collection condoms may also be used where semen is produced at a sperm bank or fertility clinic.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}}

''Condom therapy'' is sometimes prescribed to infertile couples when the female has high levels of [[antisperm antibodies]]. The theory is that preventing exposure to her partner's semen will lower her level of antisperm antibodies, and thus increase her chances of pregnancy when condom therapy is discontinued. However, condom therapy has not been shown to increase subsequent pregnancy rates.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/j.1439-0272.1979.tb02229.x |pmid=532982 |title=Experimental Findings with Spermantibodies: Condom Therapy (A Case Report) |journal=Andrologia |volume=11 |issue=6 |pages=413–416 |year=2009 |last1=Franken |first1=D.R. |last2=Slabber |first2=C.F. |s2cid=34730913|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |pmid=7060795 |year=1982 |last1=Greentree |first1=L. B. |title=Antisperm antibodies in infertility: The role of condom therapy |journal=Fertility and Sterility |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=451–452 |doi=10.1016/S0015-0282(16)46117-0|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |pmid=33920 |year=1978 |last1=Kremer |first1=J. |title=Treatment of infertility caused by antisperm antibodies |journal=International Journal of Fertility |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=270–276 |last2=Jager |first2=S. |last3=Kuiken |first3=J.}}</ref>

=== Other uses ===
{{multiple image|total_width=210px|image1=Condom Catheter.png|image2=Cewnik_zewnetrzny_0211.jpg|footer=[[Condom catheter]]s are worn to collect urine.}}
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IMPORTANT: When adding a new listing, please include a reliable source that discusses the use. Many condom uses belong to larger categories of use (e.g., smuggling drugs vs. specifically smuggling alcohol; storing water in emergency situations vs. storage in general); consider referring to general use instead of specific use.

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Condoms excel as multipurpose containers and barriers because they are waterproof, elastic, durable, and (for military and espionage uses) will not arouse suspicion if found.

Ongoing military utilization began during World War II, and includes covering the muzzles of rifle barrels to prevent fouling,<ref name="dday">{{cite book |last=Ambrose |first= Stephen E |title=D-Day, June 6, 1944: the climactic battle of World War II |url=https://archive.org/details/ddayjune6194400ambr |url-access=registration |publisher=Simon & Schuster |location=New York |year=1994 |isbn=978-0-671-71359-1}}{{page needed|date=January 2019}}</ref> the waterproofing of firing assemblies in underwater demolitions,<ref>Couch, D (2001). ''The Warrior Elite: The Forging of SEAL Class 228''. {{ISBN|0-609-60710-3}}.{{page needed|date=January 2019}}</ref> and storage of corrosive materials and garrotes by paramilitary agencies.<ref>OSS Product Catalog, 1944</ref>

Condoms have also been used to [[drug smuggling|smuggle]] [[alcohol (drug)|alcohol]], [[cocaine]], [[heroin]], and other drugs across borders and into prisons by filling the condom with drugs, tying it in a knot and then either swallowing it or inserting it into the [[rectum]]. These methods are very dangerous and potentially lethal; if the condom breaks, the drugs inside become absorbed into the bloodstream and can cause an overdose.<ref>"A 41-year-old man has been remanded in custody after being stopped on Saturday by customs officials at the Norwegian border at Svinesund. He had a kilo of cocaine in his stomach." [http://www.thelocal.se/article.php?ID=2671&date=20051212 Smuggler hospitalized as cocaine condom bursts] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071114175620/http://www.thelocal.se/article.php?ID=2671&date=20051212 |date=14 November 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Applebaum |first= Anne |title=Gulag: A History |publisher=Anchor |location=Garden City, N.Y. |year=2004 |page=482 |isbn=978-1-4000-3409-3}}</ref>

Medically, condoms can be used to cover [[endovaginal ultrasound]] probes,<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1155/S1064744993000092 |pmid=18476204 |pmc=2364667 |title=Sheathing of the Endovaginal Ultrasound Probe: Is It Adequate? |journal=Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=37–39 |year=1993 |last1=Jimenez |first1=Ronald |last2=Duff |first2=Patrick |doi-access=free}}</ref> or in field chest needle decompressions they can be used to make a one-way valve.<ref>{{cite web |title=Decompression of a Tension Pneumothorax |publisher=Academy of Medicine |url=http://www.academyofmedicine.org/webpages1/ems/paramedicprotocol.pdf |access-date=27 December 2006 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702034023/http://www.academyofmedicine.org/webpages1/ems/paramedicprotocol.pdf |archive-date=2 July 2007}}</ref>

Condoms have also been used to protect scientific samples from the environment,<ref>{{cite news |last=Kestenbaum |first=David |title=A Failed Levee in New Orleans: Part Two |publisher=National Public Radio |date=19 May 2006 |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5418811 |access-date=9 September 2006 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060911151343/http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5418811 |archive-date=11 September 2006}}</ref> and to waterproof microphones for underwater recording.<ref name="adams">{{cite book |last1=Carwardine |first1= Mark |last2=Adams |first2= Douglas |title=Last chance to see |publisher=Harmony Books |location=New York |year=1991 |isbn=978-0-517-58215-2 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/lastchancetosee0000adam}}{{page needed|date=January 2019}}</ref>