Editing Comics (section)

==Forms and formats==

[[Comic strip]]s are generally short, multipanel comics that have, since the early 20th century, most commonly appeared in newspapers. In the US, daily strips have normally occupied a single tier, while [[Sunday comics|Sunday strips]] have been given multiple tiers. Since the early 20th century, daily newspaper comic strips have typically been printed in black-and-white and Sunday comics have usually been printed in colour and have often occupied a full newspaper page.{{sfn|Booker|2014|p=xxvi–xxvii}}

Specialized comics periodicals formats vary greatly in different cultures. [[Comic book]]s, primarily an American format, are thin periodicals{{sfnm|1a1=Orr|1y=2008|1p=11|2a1=Collins|2y=2010|2p=227}} usually published in colour.{{sfn|Orr|2008|p=10}} European and Japanese comics are frequently serialized in magazines—monthly or weekly in Europe,{{sfn|Johnson-Woods|2010|p=22}} and usually black-and-white and weekly in Japan.{{sfnm|1a1=Schodt|1y=1996|1p=23|2a1=Orr|2y=2008|2p=10}} Japanese comics magazine typically run to hundreds of pages.{{sfn|Schodt|1996|p=23}}

{{wide image
|1 = Comics volumes - international comparison.jpg
|2 = 600px
|3 = A comparison of book formats for comics around the world.  The left group is from Japan and shows the {{Transliteration|ja|[[tankōbon]]}} and the smaller {{Transliteration|ja|[[bunkobon]]}} formats. Those in the middle group of [[Franco-Belgian comics]] are in the standard [[ISO 216#A4 series|A4-size]] [[comic album]] format. The right group of [[graphic novel]]s is from English-speaking countries, where there is no standard format.}}

Book-length comics take different forms in different cultures. European [[comic albums]] are most commonly colour volumes printed at [[ISO 216#A4 series|A4-size]], a larger page size than used in many other cultures.{{sfnm|1a1=Grove|1y=2010|1p=24|2a1=McKinney|2y=2011|p={{not a typo|xiii}}}}{{sfn|Petersen|2010|pp=214–215}} In English-speaking countries, the [[trade paperback (comics)|trade paperback]] format originating from collected comic books have also been chosen for original material. Otherwise, bound volumes of comics are called graphic novels and are available in various formats. Despite incorporating the term "novel"—a term normally associated with fiction—"graphic novel" also refers to non-fiction and collections of short works.{{sfnm|1a1=Goldsmith|1y=2005|1p=16|2a1=Karp|2a2=Kress|2y=2011|2pp=4–6}} Japanese comics are collected in volumes called {{Lang|ja-latn|[[tankōbon]]}} following magazine serialization.{{sfn|Poitras|2001|p=66–67}}

[[Gag cartoon|Gag]] and [[editorial cartoon]]s usually consist of a single panel, often incorporating a caption or speech balloon. Definitions of comics which emphasize sequence usually exclude gag, editorial, and other single-panel cartoons; they can be included in definitions that emphasize the combination of word and image.{{sfn|Harvey|2001|p=76}} Gag cartoons first began to proliferate in [[broadsheet]]s published in Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries, and the term "cartoon"{{efn|"[[wikt:cartoon|cartoon]]": from the Italian {{lang|it|cartone}}, meaning "card", which referred to the cardboard on which the cartoons were typically drawn.{{sfn|Harvey|2001|p=77}} }} was first used to describe them in 1843 in the British humour magazine ''[[Punch (magazine)|Punch]]''.{{sfn|Harvey|2001|p=77}}

[[Webcomic]]s are comics that are available on the internet, first being published the 1980s. They are able to potentially reach large audiences, and new readers can often access archives of previous installments.{{sfn|Petersen|2010|pp=234–236}} Webcomics can make use of an [[infinite canvas]], meaning they are not constrained by the size or dimensions of a printed comics page.{{sfnm|1a1=Petersen|1y=2010|1p=234|2a1=McCloud|2y=2000|2p=222}}

Some consider [[storyboard]]s{{sfn|Rhoades|2008|p=38}} and [[wordless novel]]s to be comics.{{sfn|Beronä|2008|p=225}} Film studios, especially in animation, often use sequences of images as guides for film sequences. These storyboards are not intended as an end product and are rarely seen by the public.{{sfn|Rhoades|2008|p=38}} Wordless novels are books which use sequences of captionless images to deliver a narrative.{{sfn|Cohen|1977|p=181}}