Editing College of William & Mary (section)

===20th century===
In 1918, it was one of the first universities in Virginia to admit women.<ref>[http://www2.lib.virginia.edu/exhibits/women/grad_prof1.html Women at UVa: Graduate and Professional Schools] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216222951/http://www2.lib.virginia.edu/exhibits/women/grad_prof1.html |date=February 16, 2015}}. .lib.virginia.edu. Retrieved on August 9, 2013.</ref> Enrollment increased from 104 in 1889 to 1269 students by 1932.

[[File:William and Mary College, Williamsburg, Virginia, circa 1902.jpg|thumb|The Wren Building, {{circa|1902}}]]
[[W. A. R. Goodwin]], rector at [[Bruton Parish Church]] and professor of biblical literature and religious education at the college, pursued benefactors who could support the restoration of Williamsburg. Goodwin considered Williamsburg "as the original training and testing ground" of the United States. Goodwin persuaded [[John D. Rockefeller Jr.]] to initiate the restoration of Williamsburg in 1926, leading to the establishment of [[Colonial Williamsburg]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Rockefellers at Williamsburg: Backstory with the Founders, Restorers and World-Renowned Guests|publisher=EPM Publications|first=Donald J.|last=Gonzales|location=[[McLean, Virginia|McLean]], [[Virginia|VA]]|date=1991|isbn=0-939009-58-7|pages=25–26}}</ref> Goodwin had initially only pursued Rockefeller to help fund the construction of [[Phi Beta Kappa Memorial Hall]], but had convinced Rockefeller to participate in a broader restoration effort when he visited William & Mary for the hall's dedication. While the college's administration was less supportive of the restoration efforts than many others in Williamsburg–before the Colonial Williamsburg project, the William & Mary campus was Williamsburg's primary tourist attraction–the college's cooperation was secured.<ref>{{cite book|title=Creating Colonial Williamsburg: The Restoration of Virginia's Eighteenth-Century Capital|first=Anders|last=Greenspan|edition=2nd|date=2009|orig-date=2002|publisher=[[University of North Carolina Press]]|isbn=978-0-8078-5987-2|pages=18, 51–52}}</ref> Restoration paid for by Rockefeller's program extended to the college, with the Wren Building restored in 1928–1931, President's House in 1931, and Brafferton in 1931–1932.<ref>{{cite book|title=Buildings of Virginia: Tidewater and Piedmont|editor-first=Richard Guy|editor-last=Wilson|publisher=[[Oxford University Press]], [[Society of Architectural Historians]]|date=2002|series=[[Buildings of the United States]]|isbn=0-19-515206-9|pages=361, 374–376}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=The College of William & Mary: A History: Volume II|chapter=Part V: Chapter 1|last=Sherman|first=Richard B.|publisher=King and Queen Press, Society of the Alumni, [[The College of William and Mary in Virginia]]|location=[[Williamsburg, Virginia|Williamsburg]], [[Virginia|VA]]|date=1993|page=558}}</ref>

[[File:Brafferton Building c1907.jpg|thumb|The [[Brafferton (building)|Brafferton]], {{Circa|1907}}]]
In 1930, William & Mary established a branch in [[Norfolk, Virginia]] called The Norfolk Division of the College of William & Mary; it eventually became the independent state-supported institution known as [[Old Dominion University]].

President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] received an honorary degree from the college on October 20, 1934.<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1934/10/21/archives/roosevelts-address-at-william-and-mary.html "Roosevelt's Address at William and Mary"]. ''[[The New York Times]]''. {{cite news |title=Roosevelt's Address at William and Mary |url=http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10917FF3B5D167A93C3AB178BD95F408385F9 |url-status=live |work=The New York Times |date=October 21, 1934 |access-date=May 4, 2009 |archive-date=June 8, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130608171651/http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F10917FF3B5D167A93C3AB178BD95F408385F9}}. (October 21, 1934). Retrieved on August 9, 2013.</ref> In 1935, the [[Sunken Garden (Virginia)|Sunken Garden]] was constructed just west of the Wren Building. The sunken design is from a similar landscape feature at [[Royal Hospital Chelsea]] in London, designed by Sir Christopher Wren.

In 1945, the editor-in-chief of ''[[The Flat Hat]]'', Marilyn Kaemmerle, wrote an editorial, "Lincoln's Job Half-Done..." that supported the end of  [[Racial segregation in the United States|racial segregation]], [[anti-miscegenation laws]] and [[white supremacy]]; the university administration removed her from the newspaper and nearly expelled her.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,792051,00.html Education: Jefferson's Heirs] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130826034248/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C792051%2C00.html |date=August 26, 2013}}, ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', February 26, 1945</ref> According to ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' magazine, in response, over one-thousand William & Mary students held "a spirited mass meeting protesting infringement of the sacred principles of freedom of the press bequeathed by Alumnus Thomas Jefferson." She was allowed to graduate, but future editors had to discuss "controversial writings" with faculty before printing. The college Board of Visitors apologized to her in the 1980s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Marilyn_Kaemmerle|title=Marilyn Kaemmerle|work=wm.edu|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120309172041/http://scrc.swem.wm.edu/wiki/index.php/Marilyn_Kaemmerle|archive-date=March 9, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=A Michigan Woman, Race Relations, and Virginia 1945 |url=https://libraries.wm.edu/blog/post/michigan-woman-race-relations-and-virginia-1945 |website=William & Mary Libraries |access-date=June 28, 2021 |date=March 3, 2020}}</ref>

The college admitted Hulon Willis into a graduate program in 1951 because the program was unavailable at [[Virginia State University|Virginia State]]. However, the college did not open all programs to African-American students until around 1970.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.encyclopediavirginia.org/Desegregation_in_Higher_Education#start_entry|title=Desegregation in Higher Education in Virginia|first=Peter|last=Wallenstein|access-date=June 28, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140710021610/http://encyclopediavirginia.org/Desegregation_in_Higher_Education#start_entry|archive-date=July 10, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1960, [[The Colleges of William & Mary]], a short-lived five-campus university system, was founded. It included the College of William & Mary, the [[Richmond Professional Institute]], the [[Norfolk Division of the College of William & Mary]], [[Christopher Newport College]], and [[Richard Bland College]].<ref name="CoWMAH">{{cite book|last=Godson|title=The College of William and Mary: A History|year=1993|publisher=King and Queen Press|isbn=0-9615670-4-X|display-authors=etal}}</ref> It was dissolved in 1962, with only Richard Bland College remaining officially associated with the College of William & Mary at the present day.

Throughout the second half of the 20th century, William & Mary has retained its historic ties to the United Kingdom and that state's royal family. In 1954, [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother]] visited William & Mary as part of her tour of the United States, becoming the first member of the royal family to visit the college. In 1957, [[Queen Elizabeth II]] and [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh]], visited the college to commemorate the 350th anniversary of the landing at Jamestown. Queen Elizabeth gave a speech from the balcony of the Wren Building that drew over 20,000 people, the largest crowd ever seen in the city. In 1981, [[Charles, Prince of Wales]], visited to commemorate the 200th anniversary of the Battle of Yorktown. 

In 1988, the United States Congress selected William & Mary to send a delegation to the United Kingdom for the 300th anniversary of the ascension of King William III and Queen Mary II. Prince Charles would return to the college in 1993 for the 300th anniversary of William & Mary. William & Mary sent a delegation to meet with Queen Elizabeth II that same year. Former Prime Minister [[Margaret Thatcher]] would be made the [[Chancellor of the College of William & Mary]] that same year. In 2007, Elizabeth II and Prince Philip would visit the college for a second time to recognize the 400th anniversary of the landing at Jamestown.<ref>{{cite web |last=Langley |first=Cortney |title=Great Britain's royalty is at home at William & Mary |url=https://www.wm.edu/news/stories/2015/rolling-out-wms-red-carpet-for-royalty123.php |url-status=live |publisher=The College of William & Mary |date=March 13, 2015 |access-date=March 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190216121522/https://www.wm.edu/news/stories/2015/rolling-out-wms-red-carpet-for-royalty123.php |archive-date=February 16, 2019}}</ref> In 2022, a [[The Queen's Platinum Jubilee Beacons|beacon]] was lit in front of the Wren Building to celebrate the [[Platinum Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Queen's Platinum Jubilee in Williamsburg, Virginia USA |url=https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukgwa/20221010111940/https://platinumjubilee.gov.uk/event/queens-platinum-jubilee-in-williamsburg-virginia-usa/ |access-date=December 6, 2022}}</ref>

In 1974, Jay Winston Johns willed [[Highland (James Monroe house)|Highland]], the {{convert|535|acre|km2|adj=on}} historic [[Albemarle County, Virginia]] estate of alumnus and U.S. President James Monroe, to the college. The college restored this historic presidential home near Charlottesville and opened it publicly.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ashlawnhighland.org/ |title=Ash Lawn-Highland, Home of James Monroe |publisher=Ashlawnhighland.org |access-date=September 26, 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160414170725/http://ashlawnhighland.org/ |archive-date=April 14, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref>

On January 20, 1983, Jefferson Hall, a student dormitory, was destroyed by fire without casualties. The building, including the destroyed west wing, was rebuilt and reopened.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://libraries.wm.edu/exhibits/jefferson-hall-fire-30th-anniversary|title=Jefferson Hall Fire: 30th Anniversary|date=2013|last=Special Collections Research Center |publisher=William & Mary Libraries|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025124708/https://libraries.wm.edu/exhibits/jefferson-hall-fire-30th-anniversary|archive-date=October 25, 2018|access-date=February 4, 2021}}</ref>