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=== Worldwide === [[File:Photoclub Saimaan Kameraseura January 28th 1946.jpg|thumb|Meeting of the Saimaan Kameraseura photoclub on January 28, 1946 in [[Lappeenranta]], [[Finland]]]] The institution of the gentleman's club has spread all over the [[English-speaking world]]. Many of those who energised the [[Scottish Enlightenment]] were members of the [[The Poker Club|Poker Club]] in [[Edinburgh]]. In the United States clubs were first established after the [[American Revolutionary War|War of Independence]]. One of the first was the Hoboken Turtle Club (1797), which still survived as of 1911. In former [[British Empire]] colonies like India and Pakistan they are known as [[Gymkhana]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2023}} The earliest clubs on the European continent were of a political nature. These in 1848 were repressed in [[Austria]] and Germany, and later clubs of [[Berlin]] and [[Vienna]] were mere replicas of their English prototypes. In France, where the term ''cercle'' is most usual, the [[Club de l'Entresol]] (1724-1731) was followed by the Club Politique (1782), and during the [[French Revolution]] such associations proved important political forces (see [[Jacobin Club|Jacobins]], [[Feuillant (political group)|Feuillant]]s, [[Cordeliers]]). Of the purely social clubs in [[Paris]] the most notable were the [[Jockey-Club de Paris]] (1833), the Cercle de l'Union, the Traveller's and the Cercle Interallié.{{Citation needed|date=September 2023}}
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