Editing Clement Attlee (section)

===Member of Parliament===
At the [[1922 United Kingdom general election|1922 general election]], Attlee became the [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] (MP) for the [[constituency]] of [[Limehouse (UK Parliament constituency)|Limehouse]] in [[Stepney]]. At the time, he admired [[Ramsay MacDonald]] and helped him get elected as Labour Party leader at the [[1922 Labour Party leadership election (UK)|1922 leadership election]]. He served as MacDonald's [[Parliamentary Private Secretary]] for the brief 1922 parliament. His first taste of ministerial office came in 1924, when he served as Under-Secretary of State for War in the short-lived [[first Labour government]], led by MacDonald.{{sfn|Beckett|1998|pp=74–77}}

Attlee opposed the [[1926 General Strike]], believing that strike action should not be used as a political weapon. However, when it happened, he did not attempt to undermine it. At the time of the strike, he was chairman of the Stepney Borough Electricity Committee. He negotiated a deal with the Electrical Trade Union so that they would continue to supply power to hospitals, but would end supplies to factories. One firm, Scammell and Nephew Ltd, took a civil action against Attlee and the other Labour members of the committee (although not against the Conservative members who had also supported this). The court found against Attlee and his fellow councillors and they were ordered to pay £300 damages. The decision was later reversed on appeal, but the financial problems caused by the episode almost forced Attlee out of politics.{{sfn|Beckett|1998|pp=80–82}}

In 1927, he was appointed a member of the multi-party [[Simon Commission]], a [[royal commission]] set up to examine the possibility of granting [[self-rule]] to [[British Raj|India]]. Due to the time he needed to devote to the commission, and contrary to a promise MacDonald made to Attlee to induce him to serve on the commission, he was not initially offered a ministerial post in the [[second Labour government]], which entered office after the [[1929 United Kingdom general election|1929 general election]].{{sfn|Beckett|1998|pp=83–91}} Attlee's service on the Commission equipped him with a thorough exposure to India and many of its political leaders. By 1933 he argued that British rule was alien to India and was unable to make the social and economic reforms necessary for India's progress. He became the British leader most sympathetic to Indian independence (as a dominion), preparing him for his role in deciding on independence in 1947.{{sfn|Howard|Bridge|1988}}<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Howard |first1=Brasted |last2=Bridge |first2=Carl |year=1988 |title=The British Labour Party and Indian Nationalism, 1907–1947 |journal=South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies |volume=11 |issue=2 |pages=69–99 |doi=10.1080/00856408808723113}}</ref>

In May 1930, Labour MP [[Oswald Mosley]] left the party after its rejection of his proposals for solving the unemployment problem, and Attlee was given Mosley's post of [[Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster]]. In March 1931, he became [[Postmaster General of the United Kingdom|Postmaster General]], a post he held for five months until August, when the [[History of the British Labour Party#Great Depression and the split under MacDonald|Labour government fell]], after failing to agree on how to tackle the financial crisis of the [[Great Depression in the United Kingdom|Great Depression]].{{sfn|Beckett|1998|pp=96–99}} That month MacDonald and a few of his allies formed a [[National Government (United Kingdom)|National Government]] with the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservatives]] and [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberals]], leading them to be expelled from Labour. MacDonald offered Attlee a job in the National Government, but he turned down the offer and opted to stay loyal to the main Labour party.{{sfn|Beckett|1998|pp=101–102}}

After [[Ramsay MacDonald]] formed the National Government, Labour was deeply divided. Attlee had long been close to MacDonald and now felt betrayed—as did most Labour politicians. During the course of the second Labour government, Attlee had become increasingly disillusioned with MacDonald, whom he came to regard as vain and incompetent, and of whom he later wrote scathingly in his autobiography. He would write:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ramsay MacDonald |url=http://spartacus-educational.com/PRmacdonald.htm |access-date=26 July 2017 |website=Spartacus Educational |archive-date=12 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170612235412/http://spartacus-educational.com/PRmacdonald.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

<blockquote>In the old days I had looked up to MacDonald as a great leader. He had a fine presence and great oratorical power. The unpopular line which he took during the [[First World War]] seemed to mark him as a man of character. Despite his mishandling of the [[Zinoviev letter|Red Letter]] episode, I had not appreciated his defects until he took office a second time. I then realised his reluctance to take positive action and noted with dismay his increasing vanity and snobbery, while his habit of telling me, a junior Minister, the poor opinion he had of all his Cabinet colleagues made an unpleasant impression. I had not, however, expected that he would perpetrate the greatest betrayal in the political history of this country&nbsp;... The shock to the Party was very great, especially to the loyal workers of the rank-and-file who had made great sacrifices for these men.</blockquote>