Editing Children's television series (section)

=== Under-represented groups ===
{{see also|Cartoon Network and LGBT representation|LGBT representation in children's television}}

According to at least one journalist, for years, [[Broadcast Standards and Practices]] departments of networks, [[TV Parental Guidelines|Parental Guidelines]], and campaigns by [[Social conservatism in the United States|social conservatives]] limited "efforts to make kids animation more inclusive."<ref>{{cite web|last=White|first=Abbey|url=https://www.insider.com/why-tv-lacks-lgbtq-inclusion-according-to-experts-2021-6|title=TV animators were forced to scrap LGBTQ-inclusive storylines due to a culture of fear. Experts say fans are changing that.|website=[[Insider (website)|Insider]]|date=June 15, 2021|access-date=June 16, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210616194517/https://www.insider.com/why-tv-lacks-lgbtq-inclusion-according-to-experts-2021-6|archive-date=June 16, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>

One former executive of Disney, David Levine, said that "a lot of conservative opinion" drove what was depicted on [[Cartoon Network]], [[Disney Channel]], and other alike channels. Some argued that cable television, which began to pick up in the 1990s, "opened the door for more representation" even though various levels of approvals remained.<ref name="insidersnydes">{{cite web|last1=Snyder|first1=Chris|last2=Desiderio|first2=Kyle|url=https://www.insider.com/the-evolution-of-queer-characters-in-kids-animated-tv-shows-2021-6|title=The evolution of queer characters in children's animation|website=[[Insider (website)|Insider]]|date=June 29, 2021|access-date=July 1, 2021|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210701050407/https://www.insider.com/the-evolution-of-queer-characters-in-kids-animated-tv-shows-2021-6|archive-date=July 1, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref>

Through the 2000s', advocacy group [[GLAAD]] repeatedly highlighted the lack of LGBT representation in children's programming in particular.{{Sfn|Cook|2018|p=6, 11–12}}<ref>{{cite report |ref={{sfnref|GLAAD|2009}} |date=2009 |title=Where We Are on TV Report: 2009–2010 |url=https://www.glaad.org/sites/default/files/whereweareontv2009-2010.pdf |publisher=[[GLAAD]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326013039/https://www.glaad.org/sites/default/files/whereweareontv2009-2010.pdf |access-date=March 11, 2020 |pages=2–3, 11, 14 |archive-date=2020-03-26 }}</ref><ref>{{cite report |ref={{sfnref|GLAAD|2008}} |date=2008 |title=Where We Are on TV Report: 2008–2009 |url=https://glaad.org/files/WWAT/WWAT_GLAAD_2008-2009.pdf |publisher=[[GLAAD]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200325225641/https://glaad.org/files/WWAT/WWAT_GLAAD_2008-2009.pdf |access-date=April 4, 2020 |archive-date=2020-03-25 |page=18 }}</ref><ref>{{cite report |ref={{sfnref|GLAAD|2006}} |date=August 21, 2006 |title=Where We Are on TV Report: 2006–2007 |url=http://www.glaad.org/files/2006-07%20Where%20We%20Are%20on%20TV.pdf |publisher=[[GLAAD]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140513011511/http://www.glaad.org/files/2006-07%20Where%20We%20Are%20on%20TV.pdf |page=1 |access-date=April 4, 2020 |archive-date=2014-05-13 }}</ref><ref>{{cite report |ref={{sfnref|GLAAD|2014}} |date=2014 |title=Where We Are on TV Report: 2014-2015 |url=https://www.glaad.org/files/GLAAD-2014-WWAT.pdf |publisher=[[GLAAD]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200328155604/https://www.glaad.org/files/GLAAD-2014-WWAT.pdf |access-date=April 11, 2020 |archive-date=2020-03-28 |page=23 }}</ref> Two years later, they recorded the highest number of LGBTQ characters they ever recorded up to that point.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Glass |first1=Joe |title=LGBT characters on TV will make up larger percentage than ever, study finds |url=https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2016/nov/03/lgbt-characters-tv-largest-percent-glaad-study |website=[[The Guardian]] |access-date=April 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190803074638/https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2016/nov/03/lgbt-characters-tv-largest-percent-glaad-study |archive-date=August 3, 2019 |date=November 3, 2016 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}</ref>

In 2017, some said that LGBTQ+ characters in animated television were somewhat rare,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Segal |first1=Cynthia |title=7 American Kids' Cartoons That Treat Their LGBTQ Characters With Respect |url=https://dotandline.net/lgbtq-american-cartoons-6b1557a4c846/ |website=[[The Dot and the Line#Legacy|The Dot and Line]] |access-date=April 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200327045355/https://dotandline.net/lgbtq-american-cartoons-6b1557a4c846/ |archive-date=March 27, 2020 |date=June 30, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Sizer |first1=Artistaeus |title=We Need To Talk About LGBT Representation, Apparently |url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/we-need-to-talk-about-lgbt-representation-apparently_b_5a3d4dede4b06cd2bd03da68 |website=[[HuffPost]] |access-date=April 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200419214106/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/we-need-to-talk-about-lgbt-representation-apparently_b_5a3d4dede4b06cd2bd03da68 |archive-date=April 19, 2020 |date=June 30, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}</ref> despite the fact that GLAAD praised the number of characters in broadcast and primetime television.<ref name="Mak2017">{{cite web |last1=Mak |first1=Philip |title=In a Heartbeat: Why we need more LGBTQ animation. |url=https://blog.toonboom.com/in-a-heartbeat-why-we-need-more-lgbtq-animation |website=[[Toon Boom Animation|Toon Boom]] |access-date=April 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200405025918/https://blog.toonboom.com/in-a-heartbeat-why-we-need-more-lgbtq-animation |archive-date=April 5, 2020 |date=June 21, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Jusino |first1=Teresa |title=Why I'll Be Holding onto These Five Nuanced and Inspiring Bisexual Characters for Dear Life This Pride |url=https://www.themarysue.com/nuanced-inspiring-bisexual-characters/ |website=[[Dan Abrams#The Mary Sue|The Mary Sue]] |access-date=April 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329231547/https://www.themarysue.com/nuanced-inspiring-bisexual-characters/ |archive-date=March 29, 2019 |date=June 2, 2017 |url-status=live |df=mdy-all}}</ref>{{Sfn|Cook|2018|p=7}}

From 2017 to 2019, [[Insider (website)|Insider]] noted that there was a "more than 200% spike in queer and gender-minority characters in children's animated TV shows."<ref name="insidersnydes" /> In 2018 and 2019, [[GLAAD]] stated that [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]], [[Hulu]], and Netflix, had increased LGBTQ representation in "daytime kids and family television."<ref>{{cite report |ref={{sfnref|GLAAD|2018}} |date=2018 |title=Where We Are on TV Report: 2018-2019 |url=https://glaad.org/files/WWAT/WWAT_GLAAD_2018-2019.pdf |publisher=[[GLAAD]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410224649/https://glaad.org/files/WWAT/WWAT_GLAAD_2018-2019.pdf |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=2020-04-10 |page=5 }}</ref><ref>{{cite report |ref={{sfnref|GLAAD|2019}}|date=2019 |title=Where We Are on TV Report: 2019-2020 |url=https://www.glaad.org/sites/default/files/GLAAD%20WHERE%20WE%20ARE%20ON%20TV%202019%202020.pdf |publisher=[[GLAAD]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200408124019/https://www.glaad.org/sites/default/files/GLAAD%20WHERE%20WE%20ARE%20ON%20TV%202019%202020.pdf |access-date=April 21, 2020 |archive-date=2020-04-08 |pages=5, 6, 12 }}</ref>

In their January 2021 report, [[GLAAD]] praised LGBTQ representation in episodes of ''[[DuckTales (2017 TV series)|DuckTales]]'', ''[[The Owl House]]'' and ''[[Adventure Time: Distant Lands]]''.<ref name="glaad20202">{{cite report |date=January 2021 |title=Where We Are on TV: 2020–2021 |url=https://www.glaad.org/sites/default/files/GLAAD%20-%20202021%20WHERE%20WE%20ARE%20ON%20TV.pdf |publisher=[[GLAAD]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115060919/https://www.glaad.org/sites/default/files/GLAAD%20-%20202021%20WHERE%20WE%20ARE%20ON%20TV.pdf |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |access-date=January 20, 2021 |page=40 }}</ref> Despite this, some industry practitioners state that more than 90% of LGBTQ characters in kid's animated shows within [[Insider (website)|Insider]]'s database of characters in children's animated television shows "require either a cable, satellite, streaming, or internet subscription to view them on first airing."<ref name="abbwhi2021">{{cite web|last=White|first=Abbey|url=https://www.insider.com/lgbtq-characters-kids-cartoons-tv-paywall-2021-6?amp=&s=03|title=Kids' cartoons have more LGBTQ representation than ever before — but only if you pay for it|date=June 21, 2021|website=[[Insider (website)|Insider]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://archive.today/20210623225408/https://www.insider.com/lgbtq-characters-kids-cartoons-tv-paywall-2021-6|archive-date=June 23, 2021}}</ref>