Editing Cayor (section)

===Lat Jor and the French===
[[File:Horseman in Senegal, photo postcard by Joannès Barbier.jpg|thumb|200px|Circa 1890-1900. Madior Tioro Fall, son of Ma Dyodyo (Damel Madiodio Déguen Coddou). Photo taken by [[Joannès Barbier]] during the later Peul revolt.]]
Birima Ngoné Latir was crowned ''damel'' in 1855, succeeding his uncle who had raised him after his father Makodou Koumba, the [[Teigne]] of [[Baol]], had been driven into exile.<ref name = Fall/>{{rp|31}}

The [[France|French]] governor [[Louis Faidherbe]], based in [[Saint-Louis, Senegal|Saint-Louis]], encouraged the clerics to rebel again. In 1859 the marabouts of the province of Ndiambour took advantage of the rumoured death of the young, weak ''damel'' to do so. Makodou Koumba  returned from exile to help crush the rebellion.{{sfn|Searing|2002|p=32}}<ref name = Colvin/>{{rp|604}} A brutal war resulted, with the reigning ''teigne'' Thié Yasin Ngoné Déguèn coming to support the marabouts with the promise of becoming ''damel''. After winning battles at Mboul and Mekhe, and 2 years of conflict, Birima Ngoné Latir defeated the Baol-Baol army and Makodou Koumba was reinstalled as ''teigne''. Latir died soon after, however, and Makodou left Baol to succeed his son as ''damel''.<ref name = Fall/>{{rp|32}}

Makodou faced resistance from his son’s maternal side, who wanted Birima Ngoné’s half-brother, [[Lat Jor]], enthroned instead. However, [[Lat Jor]] was not eligible for the throne as he did not bear the patronym Fall. Despite this, his uncle [https://fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demba_War_Sall Demba War Sall], who was seen as  the true master of Cayor, had trained him for the throne and, at the age of 17, enthroned him by force. Makodou defeated the opposition at Béri-Ngaraf, and Lat Jor submitted. He later reneged on a treaty signed with the French to build a railroad across Cayor, prompting the French to invade in 1861 and replace him with Ma-Dyodyo.[1]: 33 [13] Lat Jor and the nobility resented both the harsh rule of Ma-Dyodyo and the external intervention. After some initial military success in 1863, he was forced to take refuge with the almaami of [[Saloum]], [[Maba Diakhou Bâ|Maba Diakhou Ba]], early the next year.{{sfn|Monteil 1963|p=91}}{{sfn|Lewis 2022|p=57-58}} 

The French attempted to annex the country, but this ultimately proved unworkable.{{sfn|Charles|1977|pp=55}} In 1868 Lat Jor and his troops returned to Cayor to regain independence. He allied with [[Shaikh Amadou Ba]] and defeated the French in the battle of [[Meckhe|Mekhe]] on July 8th, 1869.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Gaye |first1=Khalifa Babacar |title=AUJOURD'HUI : 8 juillet 1869, Lat-Dior et Cheikhou Amadou Ba remportent la bataille de Mékhé |url=https://www.senenews.com/actualites/aujourdhui-8-juillet-1869-lat-dior-et-cheikhou-amadou-ba-remportent-la-bataille-de-mekhe_317594.html |website=Sene News |access-date=15 July 2023}}</ref>  By 1871 the French accepted his restoration to the position of ''damel''. Amadou Ba's meddling in Cayor, however, soon ended their partnership. {{sfn|Charles|1977|pp=74}} Over the next few years Lat Jor tried to exert his authority over Baol and helped the French defeat and kill Amadou in 1875.{{sfn|Charles|1977|pp=78}}

This alliance was broken in 1881 when Lat Jor began a rebellion to resist the construction of the [[Dakar]] to [[Saint-Louis, Senegal|Saint-Louis]] [[Dakar-Niger Railway|railway]] across Cayor. Dior is reported to have told the French Governor Servatius:

"''As long as I live, be assured, I shall oppose, with all my might the construction of this railway''."<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/11chapter12.shtml BBC. The Story of Africa: Railways.]</ref>

In 1883, [[Lat Jor]] attempted to depose the powerful Farba [https://fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demba_War_Sall Demba War Sall], the very uncle who had enthroned him years earlier. Demba War defected to Samba Laobe Fall, Lat Jor’s nephew and rival claimant to the throne.[1]: 36  With French support, Samba soon took control of Cayor. He ruled for three years before clashing with [[Alboury Ndiaye]], Bourba of [[Jolof Empire|Jolof]]. Despite a treaty requiring him to notify the French before making war, Samba invaded Jolof. Alboury Ndiaye attacked while Samba’s exhausted troops were setting up camp, routing the Waadjor forces and wounding Samba. The French pressured the damel to pay reparations, but he refused. At the ensuing negotiations in '''Tivaouane''' on October 6, 1886, a fight broke out, and Samba was killed by a French lieutenant.[1]: 37–8  Lat Jor died in battle soon afterward, and the kingdom of Cayor ceased to exist as an independent, united state. However, rather than falling entirely under external rule, it was divided into provinces, with power ultimately remaining in the hands of '''Demba War Sall''' and his family, who continued to govern the region.[20]