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===Ancient history=== {{see also|Cappadocia (satrapy)|List of rulers of Cappadocia}} {{multiple image | title = Achaemenid Cappadocia | align = right | caption_align = center | total_width = 400 | image1 = Xerxes I tomb Cappadocian soldier circa 470 BCE cleaned up.jpg | caption1 = Cappadocian soldier of the [[Achaemenid army]] circa 470 BC. [[Xerxes I]] tomb relief. | image2 = Achaemenid Cappadocia.jpg | caption2 = Location of Achaemenid Cappadocia.<ref>[[:File:Map of the Achaemenid Empire.jpg|Map of the Achaemenid Empire]]</ref> }} Cappadocia was known as [[Hittite empire|Hatti]] in the late [[Bronze Age]], and was the homeland of the [[Hittites|Hittite]] power centred at [[Hattusa]]. After the fall of the Hittite Empire, with the decline of the Syro-Cappadocians ([[Mushki]]) after their defeat by the [[Lydia]]n king [[Croesus]] in the 6th century BC, Cappadocia was ruled by a sort of [[feudal]] aristocracy, dwelling in strong castles and keeping the peasants in a servile condition, which later made them apt to foreign slavery. It was included in the third [[Persian Empire|Persian]] [[satrap]]y in the division established by [[Darius I of Persia|Darius]] but continued to be governed by rulers of its own, none apparently supreme over the whole country and all more or less tributaries of the [[Great King]].{{sfn|Bunbury|Hogarth|1911|p=287}}<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wDcd41aCRLQC&q=Cappadocia+was+known+as+Hatti+in+the+late+Bronze+Age,+and+was+the+homeland+of+the+Hittite+power+centred+at+Hattusa.&pg=PA282|title=Natural Heritage from East to West: Case studies from 6 EU countries|date=2010-01-19|isbn=9783642015779|last1=Evelpidou|first1=Niki|last2=Figueiredo|first2=Tomás|last3=Mauro|first3=Francesco|last4=Tecim|first4=Vahap|last5=Vassilopoulos|first5=Andreas|publisher=Springer }}</ref>
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