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Canes Venatici
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===Deep-sky objects=== Canes Venatici contains five [[Messier object]]s, including four [[galaxies]]. One of the more significant galaxies in Canes Venatici is the [[Whirlpool Galaxy]] (M51, NGC 5194) and [[NGC 5195]], a small barred [[spiral galaxy]] that is seen face-on. This was the first galaxy recognised as having a spiral structure, this structure being first observed by [[Lord Rosse]] in 1845.<ref name=Ridpath2017/> It is a face-on spiral galaxy 37 million light-years from Earth. Widely considered to be one of the most beautiful galaxies visible, [[Messier 51|M51]] has many [[star-forming region]]s and [[nebula]]e in its arms, coloring them pink and blue in contrast to the older yellow core. M 51 has a smaller companion, NGC 5195, that has very few star-forming regions and thus appears yellow. It is passing behind M 51 and may be the cause of the larger galaxy's prodigious star formation.<ref name=WilkinsDunn2006/> <gallery> Messier51 sRGB.jpg| [[Messier 51]], the Whirlpool Galaxy, photographed by the [[Hubble Space Telescope]]. A cosmic atlas NGC 4248.jpg| [[NGC 4248]] is located about 24 million light-years away.<ref>{{cite web|title=A cosmic atlas|url=https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1730a/|website=Hubble Space Telescope|publisher=[[European Space Agency]]|access-date=24 July 2017|date=24 July 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731061118/https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1730a/|archive-date=2017-07-31}}</ref> Dim and diffuse.jpg| [[NGC 4242]] is a dim galaxy in Canes Venatici.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dim and diffuse|url=https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1729a/|website=Hubble Space Telescope|publisher=[[European Space Agency]]|access-date=17 July 2017|date=17 July 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170719140840/https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1729a/|archive-date=2017-07-19}}</ref> NGC 4631 HST.jpg| [[NGC 4631]] photographed by the [[Hubble Space Telescope]]. NGC 4707 - HST - Potw1651a.tif| [[NGC 4707]] is a spiral galaxy roughly 22 million light-years from Earth.<ref>{{cite web|title=Astro-pointillism|url=https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1651a/|website=Hubble Space Telescope|publisher=[[European Space Agency]]|access-date=19 December 2016|date=19 December 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220175659/https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1651a/|archive-date=2016-12-20}}</ref> </gallery> Other notable spiral galaxies in Canes Venatici are the [[Sunflower Galaxy]] (M63, NGC 5055), [[Messier 94|M94]] (NGC 4736), and [[Messier 106|M106]] (NGC 4258). * [[Messier 63|M63]], the Sunflower Galaxy, was named for its appearance in large amateur telescopes. It is a spiral galaxy with an integrated magnitude of 9.0. * [[Messier 94|M94]] (NGC 4736) is a small face-on spiral galaxy with approximate magnitude 8.0, about 15 million light-years from Earth.<ref name=Ridpath2017/> * [[NGC 4631]] is a barred spiral galaxy, which is one of the largest and brightest edge-on galaxies in the sky.<ref>{{cite book|last=O'Meara|first=Stephen James|title=The Caldwell Objects|publisher=Sky Publishing Corporation|isbn=0-933346-97-2|page=126|date=January 2002}}</ref> * [[Messier 3|M3]] (NGC 5272) is a [[globular cluster]] 32,000 light-years from Earth. It is 18′ in diameter, and at magnitude 6.3 is bright enough to be seen with [[binoculars]]. It can even be seen with the naked eye under particularly dark skies.<ref name=Ridpath2017/> * [[Messier 94|M94]], also cataloged as NGC 4736, is a face-on spiral galaxy 15 million light-years from Earth. It has very tight spiral arms and a bright core. The outskirts of the galaxy are incredibly luminous in the [[ultraviolet]] because of a ring of new stars surrounding the core 7,000 light-years in diameter. Though astronomers are not sure what has caused this ring of new stars, some hypothesize that it is from shock waves caused by a [[barred spiral galaxy|bar]] that is thus far invisible.<ref name=WilkinsDunn2006>{{cite book|last1=Wilkins|first1=Jamie|last2=Dunn|first2=Robert|date=August 2006|title=300 Astronomical Objects: A visual reference to the universe|publisher=Firefly Books|isbn=9781554071753}}</ref> [[Ton 618]] is a hyperluminous [[quasar]] and [[blazar]] in this constellation, near its border with the neighboring [[Coma Berenices]]. It possesses a black hole with a mass 66 billion times that of the Sun, making it one of the [[List of most massive black holes|most massive black holes]] ever measured.<ref name="shem">{{cite journal|last1=Shemmer|first1=O.|last2=Netzer|first2=H.|last3=Maiolino|first3=R.|last4=Oliva|first4=E.|last5=Croom|first5=S.|last6=Corbett|first6=E.|last7=di Fabrizio|first7=L.|title=Near-infrared spectroscopy of high-redshift active galactic nuclei: I. A metallicity-accretion rate relationship|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|date=2004|volume=614|issue=2|pages=547–557|arxiv=astro-ph/0406559|bibcode=2004ApJ...614..547S|doi=10.1086/423607|s2cid=119010341}}</ref> There is also a [[Lyman-alpha blob]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Li |first1= Jianrui|last2= Emonts |first2= B.H.C.|last3= Cai |first3= Z.|last4= Prochaska |first4= J.X.|last5= Yoon | first5= I.|last6= Lehnert |first6= M.D.|last7= Zhang |first7= S. |last8= Wu |first8= Y. |last9= Li |first9= Jianan |last10= Li |first10= Mingyu |last11= Lacy |first11= M. |last12= Villar-Martín |first12= M. |date= 25 November 2021|title= Massive Molecular Outflow and 100 kpc Extended Cold Halo Gas in the Enormous Lyα Nebula of QSO 1228+3128 |journal= The Astrophysical Journal Letters|volume= 922|issue= 2 |pages= L29|doi= 10.3847/2041-8213/ac390d|arxiv= 2111.06409|bibcode= 2021ApJ...922L..29L|s2cid= 244102865|doi-access= free}}</ref>
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