Editing Bretwalda (section)

==Contemporary use==
The first recorded use of the term ''Bretwalda'' comes from a [[Wessex|West Saxon]] chronicle of the late 9th century that applied the term to [[Egbert of Wessex|Ecgberht]], who ruled Wessex from 802 to 839.<ref>''Anglo-Saxon Chronicle'' MS A, 827 for 829.</ref> The chronicler also wrote down the names of seven kings that [[Bede]] listed in his ''[[Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum]]'' in 731.<ref>From Bede, ''[[Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum]]'' 2.5.</ref> All subsequent manuscripts of the ''Chronicle'' use the term ''Brytenwalda'', which may have represented the original term or derived from a common error.

There is no evidence that the term was a title that had any practical use, with implications of formal rights, powers and office, or even that it had any existence before the 9th-century. Bede wrote in [[Latin]] and never used the term and his list of kings holding ''imperium'' should be treated with caution, not least in that he overlooks kings such as [[Penda of Mercia]], who clearly held some kind of dominance during his reign. Similarly, in his list of bretwaldas, the West Saxon chronicler ignored such [[List of monarchs of Mercia|Mercian kings]] as [[Offa of Mercia|Offa]].

The use of the term ''Bretwalda'' was the attempt by a West Saxon chronicler to make some claim of [[List of monarchs of Wessex|West Saxon kings]] to the whole of Great Britain. The concept of the overlordship of the whole of Britain was at least recognised in the period, whatever was meant by the term. Quite possibly it was a survival of a Roman concept of "Britain": it is significant that, while the hyperbolic inscriptions on coins and titles in [[charter]]s often included the title ''rex Britanniae'', when England was unified the title used was ''rex Angulsaxonum'', ('king of the Anglo-Saxons'.)