Editing Bonnie and Clyde (section)

=== 1933: Buck and Blanche Barrow join the gang ===
[[File:BarrowJoplinHideout1933.jpg|right|thumb|The [[Bonnie & Clyde Garage Apartment|gang's Joplin hideout]]. Recovered photos and Bonnie's "Suicide Sal" poem were published in newspapers nationwide.<br />{{Coord|37.051671|-94.516693|display=inline|region:US-MO|name=Site of Bonnie Parker and Clyde Barrow Garage Apartment}}]]
On March 22, 1933, Clyde's brother Buck was granted a full [[pardon]] and released from prison, and he and his wife [[Blanche Barrow|Blanche]] set up housekeeping with Bonnie, Clyde and Jones in a temporary hideout at [[Bonnie & Clyde Garage Apartment|3347 1/2 Oakridge Drive]] in [[Joplin, Missouri]]. According to family sources,<ref>Barrow and Phillips, pp. 31–33. Blanche's book tells of the gang's two-week "vacation" in Joplin.</ref> Buck and Blanche were there to visit; they attempted to persuade Clyde to surrender to law enforcement. The group ran loud, alcohol-fueled card games late into the night in the quiet neighborhood; Blanche recalled that they "bought a case of beer a day".<ref>Barrow and Phillips, p. 45</ref> The men came and went noisily at all hours, and Clyde accidentally fired a [[M1918 Browning automatic rifle|Browning automatic rifle]] (BAR) in the apartment while cleaning it.<ref>Barrow and Phillips, p. 243 n30.</ref> No neighbors went to the house, but one reported suspicions to the [[Joplin Police Department]].

The police assembled a five-man force in two cars on April 13 to confront what they suspected were [[Rum-running|bootleggers]] living at the Oakridge Drive address. The Barrow brothers and Jones opened fire, killing Detective Harry L. McGinnis outright and fatally wounding Constable J. W. Harryman.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.odmp.org/officer/8972-detective-harry-l.-mcginnis |title=Detective Harry L. McGinnis |publisher=The Officer Down Memorial Page |access-date=November 5, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091002160220/http://www.odmp.org/officer/8972-detective-harry-l.-mcginnis |archive-date=October 2, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Constable J.W. Harryman |url=http://www.odmp.org/officer/6155-constable-j.-w.-Dallasharryman |publisher=The Officer Down Memorial Page |access-date=November 5, 2009}}</ref> Parker opened fire with a BAR as the others fled, forcing [[Missouri Highway Patrol|Highway Patrol]] Sergeant G.B. Kahler to duck behind a large oak tree. The [[.30-06 Springfield|.30 caliber bullets]] from the BAR struck the tree and forced wood splinters into the sergeant's face.<ref>Ballou, James L., ''Rock in a Hard Place: The Browning Automatic Rifle'', Collector Grade Publications (2000), p. 78.</ref> Parker got into the car with the others, and they pulled in Blanche from the street where she was pursuing her dog Snow Ball.<ref>Parker, Cowan and Fortune, p. 114.</ref> The surviving officers later testified that they had fired only fourteen rounds in the conflict;<ref>Ramsey, p. 102.</ref> one hit Jones on the side, one struck Clyde but was deflected by his suit-coat button, and one grazed Buck after [[ricochet]]ing off a wall.

[[File:WDJonesAndGuns1933.jpg|thumb|[[W. D. Jones]] committed two murders in his first two weeks with Barrow at age 16. The cut-down shotgun is one of his "whippet" guns.]]
[[File:Bonnie apuntant de broma a Clyde amb una escopeta.jpg|thumb|Bonnie with a shotgun reaches for a pistol in Clyde's waistband.]]

The group escaped the police at Joplin, but left behind most of their possessions at the apartment, including Buck's parole papers (three weeks old), a large arsenal of weapons, a handwritten poem by Bonnie, and a camera with several rolls of undeveloped film.<ref>Parker, Cowan and Fortune, p. 115</ref> Police developed the film at ''[[The Joplin Globe]]'' and found many photos of Barrow, Parker, and Jones posing and pointing weapons at one another.<ref>Ramsey pp. 108–13.</ref> The ''Globe'' sent the poem and the photos over the [[newswire]], including a photo of Parker clenching a cigar in her teeth and a [[pistol]] in her hand.<ref group="notes">Parker did smoke cigarettes, although she never smoked cigars.</ref> The Barrow Gang subsequently became front-page news throughout America.

The photo of Parker posing with a cigar and a gun became popular. In his book ''Go Down Together: The True, Untold Story of Bonnie and Clyde'', writer Jeff Guinn noted:

{{blockquote|[[John Dillinger]] had matinee-idol good looks and [[Pretty Boy Floyd]] had the best possible nickname, but the Joplin photos introduced new criminal superstars with the most titillating trademark of all—illicit sex. Clyde Barrow and Bonnie Parker were wild and young, and undoubtedly slept together.<ref>{{cite book |title= Go Down Together: The True, Untold Story of Bonnie and Clyde |author1=Guinn, Jeff |date=2010 |pages=174–76 |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]]  |location=New York|isbn= 978-1-4711-0575-3 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=uZv9yMrfMmYC&q=Go%20Down%20Together%3A%20The%20True%2C%20Untold%20Story%20of%20Bonnie%20and%20Clyde |access-date=November 22, 2013}}</ref>}}

The group ranged from Texas as far north as [[Minnesota]] for the next three months. In May, they tried to rob the bank in [[Lucerne, Indiana]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://casscountyin.tripod.com/bankheist.htm|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111010134253/http://casscountyin.tripod.com/bankheist.htm|url-status=dead|title=bank_heist|archivedate=October 10, 2011|website=casscountyin.tripod.com}}</ref> and robbed the bank in [[Okabena, Minnesota]].<ref>Ramsey, pp. 118, 122</ref> They [[kidnapping|kidnapped]] Dillard Darby and Sophia Stone at [[Ruston, Louisiana]], in the course of stealing Darby's car; this was one of several events between 1932 and 1934 in which they kidnapped police officers or robbery victims.<ref group=notes>Victims of kidnapping included: Deputy Joe Johns on August 14, 1932; Officer Thomas Persell on January 26, 1933; civilians Dillard Darby and Sophia Stone on April 27, 1933; Sheriff George Corry and Chief Paul Hardy on June 10, 1933; Chief Percy Boyd on April 6, 1934.</ref> They usually released their [[hostage]]s far from home, sometimes with money to help them return.<ref name="riding" /><ref name="dallasnews">Anderson, Brian. [http://www.dallasnews.com/s/dws/spe/2003/bonnieclyde/story.html "Reality less romantic than outlaw legend"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080225034912/http://www.dallasnews.com/s/dws/spe/2003/bonnieclyde/story.html |date=February 25, 2008 }}. ''The Dallas Morning News''. April 19, 2003.</ref>

Stories of such encounters made headlines, as did the more violent episodes. The Barrow Gang did not hesitate to shoot anyone who got in their way, whether it was a police officer or an innocent civilian. Other members of the gang who committed murder included Hamilton, Jones, Buck, and [[Henry Methvin]]. Eventually, the cold-bloodedness of their murders opened the public's eyes to the reality of their crimes, and led to their ends.<ref>Guinn, pp. 286–88</ref>

The photos entertained the public for a time, but the gang was desperate and discontented, as described by Blanche in her account written while imprisoned in the late 1930s.<ref>Barrow and Phillips, p. 56</ref><ref group=notes>Blanche wrote that she felt "all my hopes and dreams tumbling down around me" as they fled Joplin.</ref> With their new notoriety, their daily lives became more difficult as they tried to evade discovery. Restaurants and motels became less secure; they resorted to campfire cooking and bathing in cold streams.<ref>Parker, Cowan and Fortune, pp. 116–17</ref> The unrelieved, round-the-clock proximity of five people in one car gave rise to vicious bickering.<ref>Jones' ''Playboy'' interview, Barrow and Phillips, p. 65</ref><ref group=notes>Barrow's sister Marie described her brother Buck as "the meanest, most hot-tempered" of all her siblings. Phillips, p. 343 n20</ref> Jones was the driver when he and Barrow stole a car belonging to Darby in late April, and he used that car to leave the others. He stayed away until June 8.<ref>Treherne, p. 123; Blanche describes the cramped conditions in her book, pp. 70–71.</ref>

Barrow failed to see warning signs at a bridge under construction on June 10, while driving with Jones and Parker near [[Wellington, Texas]], and the car flipped into a ravine.<ref name="riding" /><ref>{{cite web |url=http://atlas.thc.state.tx.us/map/show_map.aspx?Layer=2&Query=ATLAS_NUM%3D5087004218 |title=Red River Plunge of Bonnie and Clyde – Marker Number: 4218 |date=1975 |website=Texas Historic Sites Atlas |publisher=Texas Historical Commission |access-date=July 18, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151210225359/http://atlas.thc.state.tx.us/map/show_map.aspx?Layer=2&Query=ATLAS_NUM%3D5087004218 |archive-date=December 10, 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Sources disagree on whether there was a gasoline fire<ref>James R. Knight, "Incident at Alma: The Barrow Gang in Northwest Arkansas", ''The Arkansas Historical Quarterly'', Vol. 56, No. 4 (Arkansas Historical Association Winter, 1997) 401. {{JSTOR|40027888}}.</ref> or if Parker was doused with acid from the car's battery under the floorboards,<ref>Guinn, pp. 191–94</ref><ref group=notes>Six witnesses at a farmhouse described battery acid as the culprit; the open-fire story started with the Parker-Cowan-Fortune book; it was repeated in Jones' ''Playboy'' interview.</ref> but she sustained [[third-degree burn]]s to her right leg, so severe that the muscles contracted and caused the leg to "draw up".<ref>Parker, Cowan and Fortune, p. 132</ref> Jones observed: "She'd been burned so bad none of us thought she was gonna live. The hide on her right leg was gone, from her hip down to her ankle. I could see the bone at places."<ref>W. D. Jones, Riding with Bonnie and Clyde, Playboy, November 1968</ref>

Parker could hardly walk; she either hopped on her good leg or was carried by Barrow. They got help from a nearby farm family, then kidnapped [[Collingsworth County, Texas|Collinsworth County]] Sheriff George Corry and City Marshal Paul Hardy, leaving the two of them handcuffed and barbed-wired to a tree outside [[Erick, Oklahoma]]. The three rendezvoused with Buck and Blanche, and hid in a tourist court near [[Fort Smith, Arkansas]], nursing Parker's burns. Buck and Jones bungled a robbery and murdered Town Marshal Henry D. Humphrey in [[Alma, Arkansas]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Town Marshal Henry D. Humphrey |url=http://www.odmp.org/officer/6841-town-marshal-henry-d.-humphrey |publisher=The Officer Down Memorial Page |access-date=November 5, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091212034201/http://www.odmp.org/officer/6841-town-marshal-henry-d.-humphrey |archive-date=December 12, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The criminals had to flee, despite Parker's grave condition.<ref>Ramsey, p. 150</ref>