Editing Arminianism (section)

===Methodists===
[[File:Camp meeting of the Methodists in N. America J. Milbert del M. Dubourg sculp (cropped).jpg|left|thumb|[[Jacques-Gérard Milbert|Milbert, Jacques Gérard]]. (c. 1819). ''[[Camp meeting]] of the [[Methodism|Methodists]] in N. America'']]
In the [[Methodism|Methodist]]-Calvinist controversy of the early 1770s involving [[Anglican]] ministers [[John Wesley]] and [[George Whitefield]], Wesley responded to accusations of [[semi-Pelagianism]] by embracing an Arminian identity.{{sfn|Gunter|2007|p=78}} Wesley had limited familiarity with the beliefs of [[Jacobus Arminius|Arminius]] and largely formulated his views without direct reliance on Arminius' teachings.{{sfn|Gunter|2007|pp=66–68}} Wesley was notably influenced by 17th-century [[Arminianism in the Church of England|English Arminianism]] and by some Remonstrant spokesmen.<ref>{{harvnb|Keefer|1987|p=89}}: "What Wesley knew of Arminius came to him through two basic sources. First, he knew something of Arminius through Remonstrant spokesmen.&nbsp;[...] Wesley's second source of Arminian theology was the English Church in general, particularly the writers of the seventeenth century. This was by far his predominant source&nbsp;[...]."</ref> However, he is recognized as a faithful representative of Arminius' beliefs.{{sfn|Gunter|2007|p=82}} Wesley defended his [[soteriology]] through the publication of a periodical titled ''[[Wesleyan Methodist Magazine|The Arminian]]'' (1778) and in articles such as ''Predestination Calmly Considered''.{{sfn|Gunter|2007|p=77}} To support his stance, he strongly maintained belief in [[total depravity]] while clarifying other doctrines notably [[prevenient grace]].{{sfn|Gunter|2007|p=81}}{{sfn|Grider|1982|p=55}} At the same time, Wesley attacked the [[determinism]] that he claimed characterized Calvinist doctrines of predestination.{{sfn|Grider|1982|pp=55–56}} He typically preached the notion of [[Christian perfection]] (fully mature, not "sinlessness").{{sfn|Heron|1999|p=128}} His system of thought has become known as [[#Wesleyan Arminianism|Wesleyan Arminianism]], the foundations of which were laid by him and his fellow preacher [[John William Fletcher]].{{sfn|Knight|2018|p=115}}{{sfn|Grider|1982|p=56}} Methodism also navigated its own theological intricacies concerning salvation and human agency.{{sfn|Grider|1982|pp=53–55}}{{sfn|Bounds|2011|p=50}} In the 1830s, during the [[Second Great Awakening]], traces of [[Pelagianism|Pelagian]] influence surfaced in the [[American Holiness Movement]]. Consequently, critics of [[Wesleyan theology]] have occasionally unfairly perceived or labeled its broader thought.<ref>{{harvnb|Bounds|2011|p=50}}: "The American Holiness movement, influenced heavily by the revivalism of Charles Finney, inculcated some of his Soft Semi-Pelagian tendencies among their preachers and teachers&nbsp;[...]. This has provided critics of Wesleyan theology with fodder by which they pigeonhole inaccurately larger Wesleyan thought."</ref> However, its core is recognized to be Arminianism.{{sfn|Grider|1982|p=55}}{{sfn|Bounds|2011|p=50}}