Editing Antipope John XXIII (section)

=== Deposition ===
During his absence, John was deposed by the council, and upon his return he was tried for heresy, [[simony]], schism and immorality, and found guilty on all counts. The 18th century historian [[Edward Gibbon]] wrote, "The more scandalous charges were suppressed; the vicar of Christ was accused only of [[piracy]], [[rape]], sodomy, murder and [[incest]]."<ref>Gibbon, Edward. ''[[The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire]]'', New York: The Heritage Press, 1946, vol. 3, p. 2417</ref> John was given over to [[Ludwig III, Elector Palatine]], who imprisoned him for several months in [[Heidelberg]] and [[Mannheim]].

The last remaining claimant in Avignon, [[Antipope Benedict XIII|Benedict XIII]], refused to resign and was excommunicated. [[Pope Martin V|Martin V]] was elected as new pope in 1417.