Editing Ancona (section)

===In the Papal States===
[[Pope Pius IV]] commanded the execution and burning of Converso merchants in Ancona for returning to Judaism.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Ray |first=Jonathan Stewart |title=After expulsion: 1492 and the making of Sephardic Jewry |date=2013 |publisher=New York University Press |isbn=978-0-8147-2911-3 |location=New York |pages=70, 73}}</ref> Later, Ancona, along with Rome and [[Avignon]] in [[southern France]], was one of the three cities in the [[Papal States]] where [[Jews]] were permitted to remain after [[Pope Pius V]] ordered their banishment in 1569. They lived in the [[ghetto]] that had been established in Ancona in 1555.{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}

In 1733, [[Pope Clement XII]] extended the quay, and an inferior imitation of Trajan's arch was set up; he also erected a [[Lazaretto]] at the south end of the harbour, [[Luigi Vanvitelli]] being the architect-in-chief.{{citation needed|date=October 2024}} The southern quay was built in 1880, and the harbour was protected by forts on the heights. From 1797 onwards, when the French [[Republic of Ancona|took]] it, it frequently appears in history as an important fortress.{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}

====The Greek community of Ancona====
{{See also|Republic of Ancona#Communities present in the Republic}}
{{Unreferenced section|date=September 2024}}
Ancona, as well as Venice, became a very important destination for merchants from the [[Ottoman Empire]] during the 16th century. The Greeks formed the largest of the communities of foreign merchants. They were refugees from former Byzantine or Venetian territories that were occupied by the Ottomans in the late 15th and 16th centuries. The first Greek community was established in Ancona early in the 16th century.