Editing Analytical chemistry (section)

=== Quantitative analysis ===
{{further|Quantitative analysis (chemistry)}}
Quantitative analysis is the measurement of the quantities of particular chemical constituents present in a substance. Quantities can be measured by mass (gravimetric analysis) or volume (volumetric analysis).

==== Gravimetric analysis ====
{{further|Gravimetric analysis}}
The gravimetric analysis involves determining the amount of material present by weighing the sample before and/or after some transformation. A common example used in undergraduate education is the determination of the amount of water in a hydrate by heating the sample to remove the water such that the difference in weight is due to the loss of water.

==== Volumetric analysis ====
{{further|Titration}}
Titration involves the gradual addition of a measurable reactant to an exact volume of a solution being analyzed until some equivalence point is reached. Titration is a family of techniques used to determine the concentration of an analyte.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |author=Douglas A. Skoog |title=Fundamentals of analytical chemistry |author2=Stanley R. Crouch |date=2014 |publisher=[[Brooks/Cole]] |isbn=978-0-495-55828-6 |edition=Ninth |location=Belmont, CA |oclc=824171785}}</ref> Titrating accurately to either the half-equivalence point or the endpoint of a titration allows the chemist to determine the amount of moles used, which can then be used to determine a concentration or composition of the titrant. Most familiar to those who have taken chemistry during secondary education is the acid-base titration involving a color-changing indicator, such as [[phenolphthalein]].  There are many other types of titrations, for example, potentiometric titrations or precipitation titrations. Chemists might also create titration curves in order by systematically testing the pH every drop in order to understand different properties of the titrant.