Editing 5α-Reductase 2 deficiency (section)

==Epidemiology==
5αR2D is a rare condition with a worldwide distribution. A 2020 study identified 434 cases of 5αR2D across 44 countries including Turkey (23%), China (17%), Italy (9%), and Brazil (7%). The same study also found that genitalia virilization influenced sex assignment while gender change was influenced by cultural aspects across the countries. Molecular diagnosis resulted in favoring male sex assignment in affected newborns.<ref name="Batista2020">{{cite journal |last1=Batista |first1=Rafael Loch |last2=Mendonca |first2=Berenice Bilharinho |title=Integrative and Analytical Review of the 5-Alpha-Reductase Type 2 Deficiency Worldwide |journal=The Application of Clinical Genetics |date=14 April 2020 |volume=13 |pages=83–96 |doi=10.2147/TACG.S198178 |pmid=32346305 |pmc=7167369 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Many SRD5A2 mutations come from areas with high coefficients of inbreeding,<ref name="Mendonca2016"/> including the [[Dominican Republic]] (where people with the condition are called güevedoces&nbsp;– "testes at twelve"),<ref>{{cite news |title=The extraordinary case of the Guevedoces |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-34290981 |work=BBC News |date=20 September 2015}}</ref> [[Papua New Guinea]] (where it is known as ''kwolu-aatmwol''&nbsp;– suggesting a person's transformation "into a male thing"),<ref name="AFS">{{cite book |last1=Fausto-Sterling |first1=Anne |title=Sexing the Body: Gender politics and the construction of sexuality |date=2000 |publisher=Basic Books |location=New York, NY |isbn=0465077145 |page=109 |edition=1st}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kogan |first1=Terry S. |date=1997 |title=Transsexuals and Critical Gender Theory: The Possibility of a Restroom Labeled Other |url=https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3289&context=hastings_law_journal |journal=Hastings Law Journal |volume=48 |issue=6 |page=1244}}</ref> and [[Turkey]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Jong |first=Diana Mettadewi |last2=Pulungan |first2=Aman B. |last3=Aap |first3=Bambang Tridjaja |last4=Batubara |first4=Jose RL |date=2003 |title=5-alpha-reductase deficiency: a case report |url=https://paediatricaindonesiana.org/index.php/paediatrica-indonesiana/article/view/700 |journal=Paediatrica Indonesiana |language=en |volume=43 |issue=6 |pages=234–40 |doi=10.14238/pi43.6.2003.234-40 |issn=2338-476X}}</ref>