Editing 1968 (section)

=== September&ndash;October ===
{{Main|September 1968}}
{{Main|October 1968}}
[[File:1968 Mexico emblem.svg|220px|thumbnail|right|October 12–27: 1968 Summer Olympics held in Mexico City]]
* [[September 6]] – [[Swaziland]] (later known as Eswatini) becomes independent of the United Kingdom.
* [[September 7]] – The crash of [[Air France Flight 1611]] kills 95 people, including French Army General [[René Cogny]], as the [[Sud Aviation Caravelle|Caravelle]] jetliner plunges into the [[Mediterranean]] Sea following a fire while making its approach to [[Nice]] following its departure from the island of [[Corsica]].
* [[September 11]] – The [[International Association of Classification Societies]] (IACS) is founded.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bhattacharjee|first=Shilavadra|date=2019-07-03|title=What is International Association of Classification Societies (IACS)?|url=https://www.marineinsight.com/maritime-law/what-are-international-classification-society-international-association-of-classification-societies-iacs/|access-date=2023-08-02|website=Marine Insight|language=en-US}}</ref>
*   September 11   – [[John Eliot Gardiner]] conducts Monteverdi's ''[[Vespro della Beata Vergine]]'' with the [[Monteverdi Choir]] at the [[BBC Proms|Proms]].<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/events/en2fxj "Prom 49"], [[BBC]], London. Archive from 11 September 1968.</ref>
* [[September 13]] – [[Albania]] officially withdraws from the Warsaw Pact upon the Soviet Union-led [[Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia]], having already ceased to participate actively in Pact activity since 1962.
* [[September 17]] – The [[D'Oliveira affair]]: The [[Marylebone Cricket Club]] tour of South Africa is cancelled when the South Africans refuse to accept the presence of [[Basil D'Oliveira]], a [[Cape Coloured]], in the England side.
* [[September 21]] – The Soviet [[Zond 5]] uncrewed lunar flyby mission returns to Earth, with its first-of-a-kind biological payload intact.
* [[September 23]] – [[Vietnam War]]: The [[Tet Offensive]] comes to an end in [[South Vietnam]].
* [[September 27]] – [[Marcelo Caetano]] becomes [[prime minister]] of Portugal.
* [[September 29]] – A [[referendum]] in Greece gives more power to the military junta.
* [[October 2]] – [[Tlatelolco massacre]]: A student demonstration ends in bloodbath at La Plaza de las Tres Culturas in [[Tlatelolco (Mexico City)|Tlatelolco]], Mexico City, Mexico, 10 days before the inauguration of the [[1968 Summer Olympics]]. 300-400 are estimated to have been killed.
* [[October 3]] – In [[Peru]], [[Juan Velasco Alvarado]] takes power in a revolution.
* [[October 8]] – [[Vietnam War]]: [[Operation Sealords]] – United States and [[South Vietnam]]ese forces launch a new operation in the [[Mekong Delta]].
* [[October 11]]
** [[Apollo program]]: [[NASA]] launches [[Apollo 7]], the first crewed Apollo mission ([[Wally Schirra]], [[Donn Eisele]], [[Walter Cunningham]]). Mission goals include the first live [[television]] broadcast from [[orbit]] and simulating [[lunar module]] rendezvous and docking, using the [[S-IVB]] rocket stage as a test target.
** In [[Panama]], a military ''coup d'état'', led by Col. Boris Martinez and Col. [[Omar Torrijos]], overthrows the democratically elected (but highly controversial) government of President [[Arnulfo Arias]]. Within a year, Torrijos ousts Martinez and takes charge as de facto [[Head of Government]] in Panama.
* [[October 12]]–[[October 27|27]] – The [[1968 Summer Olympics]] are held in Mexico City, Mexico.
* [[October 12]] – [[Equatorial Guinea]] receives its independence from Spain.
* [[October 14]] – [[Vietnam War]]: The [[United States Department of Defense]] announces that the [[United States Army]] and [[United States Marines]] will send about 24,000 troops back to [[Vietnam]] for involuntary second tours.
* [[October 16]]
** [[1968 Olympics Black Power salute]]: In Mexico City, African-American athletes [[Tommie Smith]] and [[John Carlos]] raise their fists in a [[Black Power]] salute after winning, respectively, the gold and bronze medals in the Olympic men's 200 metres (with the support of Australian silver medallist [[Peter Norman]]).
** [[Kingston, Jamaica]] is rocked by the [[Rodney Riots]], provoked by the banning of Guyanese-born academic and activist [[Walter Rodney]] from the country.
* [[October 18]] – U.S. athlete [[Bob Beamon]] breaks the long jump world record by 55&nbsp;cm / 21{{frac|3|4}}&nbsp;ins at the [[1968 Summer Olympics|Olympics]] in [[Mexico City]]. His record stands for 23 years, and remains the second longest jump in history.
* [[October 25]] – Rock band [[Led Zeppelin]] make their first live performance, at [[Surrey University]] in England<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rockandrollgarage.com/back-time-led-zeppelin-members-talk-beatles/|title=Back In Time: Led Zeppelin members talk about The Beatles|first=Rafael|last=Polcaro|date=November 22, 2017}}</ref>
* [[October 31]] – [[Vietnam War]]: Citing progress in the Paris peace talks, U.S. President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] announces to the nation that he has ordered a complete cessation of "all air, naval, and artillery bombardment of [[North Vietnam]]" effective [[November 1]].