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== Disasters and natural events == * 1860 to 1861 β [[Upper Doab famine of 1860β1861]] * 1860 to 1861 β the Black Winter of 1860-1861 in [[Qajar Iran]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kazemi |first=Ranin |date=2017-05-01 |title=The Black Winter of 1860β61: War, Famine, and the Political Ecology of Disasters in Qajar Iran |url=https://read.dukeupress.edu/cssaame/article-abstract/37/1/24/271/The-Black-Winter-of-1860-61War-Famine-and-the?redirectedFrom=fulltext |journal=Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=24β48 |doi=10.1215/1089201x-3821285 |issn=1089-201X}}</ref> * 1862 β the [[Great Flood of 1862]], the largest flood in the [[recorded history]] of [[California]], [[Oregon]], and [[Nevada]], inundated the western [[United States]] and portions of [[British Columbia]] and [[Mexico]]<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Guinn |first=J. M. |date=1890 |title=Exceptional Years: A History of California Floods and Drought |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41167825 |journal=Historical Society of Southern California, Los Angeles (1890) |volume=1 |issue=5 |pages=33β39 |doi=10.2307/41167825 |jstor=41167825 |issn=2163-2995}}</ref> * [[1865 flooding of Bucharest]], Romania, the result of snowmelt * April 27, 1865 - The Steamboat [[Sultana (steamboat)|Sultana]] explodes due to overcrowding putting pressure on a patched boiler which makes it explode and instantly sink, killing up to 1800 people in the worst maritime disaster in [[US]] History. * May 12, 1866 β the [[1866 BingΓΆl earthquake]] struck the [[Ottoman Empire]], associated with faulting along the East Anatolian Fault * 1866 to 1868 β famine in [[French Algeria]], 820,000 died<ref>{{Cite book |last=Slobodkin |first=Yan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z73LEAAAQBAJ&dq=famine+in+algeria&pg=PT1 |title=The Starving Empire: A History of Famine in France's Colonies |date=2023-11-15 |publisher=Cornell University Press |isbn=978-1-5017-7236-8 |language=en}}</ref> * December 18, 1867 β the [[1867 Keelung earthquake]] and tsunami, affected the northern coast of [[Taiwan]] * 1867 to 1869 β the [[Swedish famine of 1867β1869]] * October 4β5, 1869 β the [[1869 Saxby Gale]], a Category 2 hurricane struck [[Canada]]'s [[Bay of Fundy]] region<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492-1996 |url=https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pastdeadlyapp1.shtml? |access-date=2024-12-14 |website=www.nhc.noaa.gov}}</ref>
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