Editing Émile Zola (section)

== The Manifesto of the Five ==
On August 18, 1887, the French daily newspaper ''[[Le Figaro]]'' published "The Manifesto of the Five" shortly after ''[[La Terre]]'' was released. The signatories included Paul Bonnetain, J. H. Rosny, [[Lucien Descaves]], [[Paul Margueritte]] and Gustave Guiches, who strongly disapproved of the lack of balance of both morals and aesthetics throughout the book's depiction of the revolution. The manifesto accused Zola of having "lowered the standard of Naturalism, of catering to large sales by deliberate obscenities, of being a morbid and impotent hypochondriac, incapable of taking a sane and healthy view of mankind. They freely referred to Zola's physiological weaknesses and expressed the utmost horror at the crudeness of La Terre."<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Boyd |first=Ernest |date=2013-08-19 |title=From the Stacks: "Realism in France" |magazine=The New Republic |url=https://newrepublic.com/article/114374/french-realism-balzac-flaubert-zola-and-romanticisms-remains|access-date=2020-11-25 |issn=0028-6583}}</ref>