Editing Meaning of life (section)

==Popular views==
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"What is the meaning of life?" is a question many people ask themselves at some point during their lives, most in the context "What is the purpose of life?".<ref name="WITMOL" /> Some popular answers include:

===To realize one's potential and ideals===
*To chase dreams.<ref name="Seaman">{{Cite book |author=David Seaman |title=The Real Meaning of Life |publisher=New World Library |date=2005 |isbn=978-1-57731-514-8 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/realmeaningoflif0000unse }}</ref>
* To live one's dreams.<ref name="Ellerton" />
* To spend it for something that will outlast it.<ref name="Cook" />
* To matter: to count, to stand for something, to have made some difference that you lived at all.<ref name="Cook" />
* To expand one's potential in life.<ref name="Ellerton" />
* To become the person you've always wanted to be.<ref name="Chandler">{{cite book |author=Steve Chandler |title=Reinventing Yourself: How to Become the Person You've Always Wanted to Be |publisher=Career Press |date=2005 |isbn=978-1-56414-817-9}}</ref>
* To become the best version of yourself.<ref name="Kelly">{{cite book |author=Matthew Kelly |title=The Rhythm of Life: Living Every Day with Passion and Purpose |publisher=Simon & Schuster |date=2005 |isbn=978-0-7432-6510-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/rhythmoflife00matt }}</ref>
* To seek happiness<ref>{{cite journal |last=Lee |first=Dong Yul |author2=Park, Sung Hee |author3=Uhlemann, Max R. |author4= Patsult, Philip |title =What Makes You Happy?: A Comparison of Self-reported Criteria of Happiness Between Two Cultures |journal=Social Indicators Research |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=351–362 |date=June 2000 |doi=10.1023/A:1004647517069|s2cid=141773177 }}</ref> and flourish.<ref name="Baggini" />
* To be a true authentic human being.<ref name="Kultgen">{{cite book |author=John Kultgen |title=Autonomy and Intervention: Parentalism in the Caring Life |url=https://archive.org/details/autonomyinterven0000kult |url-access=registration |publisher=Oxford University Press US |date=1995 |isbn=978-0-19-508531-0}}</ref>
* To be able to put the whole of oneself into one's feelings, one's work, one's beliefs.<ref name="Cook" />
* To follow or submit to our destiny.<ref name="Cappannelli" /><ref name="West" /><ref name="Madorsky">{{cite book |author=Rachel Madorsky |title=Create Your Own Destiny!: Spiritual Path to Success |publisher=Avanty House |date=2003 |isbn=978-0-9705349-4-1}}</ref>
* To achieve [[eudaimonia]],<ref>A.C. Grayling. What is Good? The Search for the Best Way to Live''.'' Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2003.</ref> a flourishing of human spirit.

===To evolve, or to achieve biological perfection===
* To [[Introduction to evolution|evolve]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Brooks |first=Mike |title= What Is the Purpose of Life? Why are we here? Here's a reasonable answer. |work=Psychology Today |date=8 October 2020 |url=https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/tech-happy-life/202010/what-is-the-purpose-life |access-date=5 November 2022}}</ref> changing from generation to generation.
* To [[Self-preservation|survive]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Lopez |first=Mike |title=Episode III: Relativism? A Jedi craves not these things |work=The Michigan Daily |date=22 September 1999 |url=http://www.pub.umich.edu/daily/1999/sep/09-22-99/edit/edit2.html |access-date=26 July 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070811185026/http://www.pub.umich.edu/daily/1999/sep/09-22-99/edit/edit2.html |archive-date=11 August 2007 }}</ref> that is, to live as long as possible,<ref>{{cite book |last=Lovatt |first=Stephen C. |url=http://homepage.ntlworld.com/pharseas.world/Life.html |title=New Skins for Old Wine |date=2007 |publisher=Universal Publishers |isbn=978-1-58112-960-1 |pages= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070314071723/http://homepage.ntlworld.com/pharseas.world/Life.html |archive-date=14 March 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> including pursuit of [[immortality]] (through scientific means).<ref name="Kurweil & Grossmann">{{Cite web |title=Fantastic Voyage: Live Long Enough to Live Forever |url=http://www.fantastic-voyage.net/ |access-date=2022-07-16 |website=www.fantastic-voyage.net}}</ref>
* To [[Immortality|live forever]]<ref name="Kurweil & Grossmann" /> or die [[Life extension|trying]].<ref name="Appleyard">{{cite book |author=Bryan Appleyard |title=How To Live Forever Or Die Trying: On The New Immortality |date=2007 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |isbn=978-0-7432-6868-4}}</ref>
* To maximize one's genes' advantage in terms of natural selection, by having many children or indirect descendants via relatives.<ref>{{cite book |last=Cameron |first=Donald |title=The Purpose of Life |publisher=Woodhill Publishing |date=2001 |url=http://www.woodhillpublishing.co.uk/summary.asp |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011113210502/http://www.woodhillpublishing.co.uk/summary.asp |archive-date=2001-11-13 |isbn=978-0-9540291-0-4}}</ref>
* To replicate, to reproduce.<ref name="Seaman"/> "The 'dream' of every cell is to become two cells."<ref name="Lane">{{cite book |author=Nick Lane |title=Power, Sex, Suicide: Mitochondria and the Meaning of Life |url=https://archive.org/details/powersexsuicidem0000lane |url-access=registration |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2005 |isbn=978-0-19-280481-5|author-link=Nick Lane }}</ref><ref name="Weiss & Buchanan">{{cite book |author1=Kenneth M. Weiss |author2=Anne V. Buchanan |title=Genetics and the Logic of Evolution |publisher=Wiley-IEEE |date=2004 |isbn=978-0-471-23805-8}}</ref><ref name="Ackerman">{{cite book |author=Jennifer Ackerman |title=Chance in the House of Fate: A Natural History of Heredity |url=https://archive.org/details/chanceinhouseoff00acke_1 |url-access=registration |publisher=Houghton Mifflin Books |date=2001 |isbn=978-0-618-21909-4}}</ref><ref name="Rensberger">{{cite book |author=Boyce Rensberger |title=Life Itself: Exploring the Realm of the Living Cell |url=https://archive.org/details/lifeitself00boyc |url-access=registration |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=1996 |isbn=978-0-19-512500-9}}</ref>

===To seek wisdom and knowledge===
* To expand one's perception of the world.<ref name="Ellerton">{{cite book |author=Roger Ellerton, CMC |title=Live Your Dreams... Let Reality Catch Up: NLP and Common Sense for Coaches, Managers and You |publisher=Renewal Technologies |date=2013 |isbn=978-0-9784452-7-0}}</ref>
* To follow the clues and walk out the exit.<ref name="Chris Grau">{{cite book |author=Chris Grau |title=Philosophers Explore the Matrix |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=2005 |isbn=978-0-19-518107-4}}</ref>
* To learn as many things as possible in life.<ref name="Cooper & Hutchinson">{{cite book |author1=John M. Cooper |author2=D. S. Hutchinson |title=Plato: Complete Works |publisher=Hackett Publishing |date=1997 |isbn=978-0-87220-349-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/completeworks00plat }}</ref>
* To know as much as possible about as many things as possible.<ref name="Findling & Thackeray">{{cite book |author1=John E. Findling |author2=Frank W. Thackeray |title=Events That Changed the World Through the Sixteenth Century |publisher=Greenwood Press |date=2001 |isbn=978-0-313-29079-4}}</ref>
* To seek [[wisdom]] and [[knowledge]] and to tame the [[mind]], as to avoid [[suffering]] caused by [[ignorance]] and find [[happiness]].<ref name="Dalai Lama">{{cite book |author=Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama |title=The Meaning of Life: Buddhist Perspectives on Cause and Effect |publisher=Doubleday |date=1954|author-link=Tenzin Gyatso, 14th Dalai Lama }}</ref>
* To face our [[fear]]s and accept the [[lesson]]s life offers us.<ref name="Cappannelli">{{cite book |author1=George Cappannelli |author2=Sedena Cappannelli |title=Authenticity: Simple Strategies for Greater Meaning and Purpose at Work and at Home |publisher=Emmis Books |date=2004 |isbn=978-1-57860-148-6}}</ref>
* To find the meaning or purpose of life.<ref name="Simmons">{{cite book |author=Ernest Joseph Simmons |title=Tolstoy |url=https://archive.org/details/tolstoy0000simm |url-access=registration |publisher=Routledge |date=1973 |isbn=978-0-7100-7395-2}}</ref><ref name="Bowell">{{cite book |author=Richard A. Bowell |title=The Seven Steps of Spiritual Intelligence: The Practical Pursuit of Purpose, Success and Happiness |publisher=Nicholas Brealey Publishing |date=2004 |isbn=978-1-85788-344-2}}</ref>
* To find a reason to live.<ref name="Gibbs & Basinger & Fuller">{{cite book |author1=John C. Gibbs |author2=Karen S. Basinger |author3=Dick Fuller |title=Moral Maturity: Measuring the Development of Sociomoral Reflection |publisher=Lawrence Erlbaum Associates |date=1992 |isbn=978-0-8058-0425-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/moralmaturitymea0000gibb }}</ref>
* To resolve the imbalance of the mind by understanding the nature of reality.<ref name="Tang">{{cite book |author=Timothy Tang |title=Real Answers to The Meaning of Life and Finding Happiness |publisher=iUniverse |date=2007 |isbn=978-0-595-45941-4}}</ref>

=== To do good, to do the right thing ===
{{see also|ethics}}
* To leave the world as a better place than you found it.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To do your best to leave every situation better than you found it.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To benefit others.<ref name="Hua" />
* To give more than you take.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To end suffering.<ref name="Roberts">{{cite book |author=Tyler T. Roberts |title=Contesting Spirit: Nietzsche, Affirmation, Religion |publisher=Princeton University Press |date=1998 |isbn=978-0-691-00127-2}}</ref><ref name="Costigan">{{cite book |author=Costigan |first=Lucy |title=What is the Meaning of Your Life: A Journey Towards Ultimate Meaning |date=2004 |publisher=iUniverse |isbn=978-0-595-33880-1}}</ref><ref name="Jeffers & Smith">{{cite book |author1=Steven L. Jeffers |author2=Harold Ivan Smith |title=Finding a Sacred Oasis in Grief: A Resource Manual for Pastoral Care |publisher=Radcliffe Publishing |date=2007 |isbn=978-1-84619-181-7}}</ref>
* To create [[social equality|equality]].<ref name="Jeffrey">{{cite book |author=David L. Jeffrey |title=A Dictionary of Biblical Tradition in English Literature |publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing |date=1992 |isbn=978-0-8028-3634-2 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofbibl0000unse }}</ref><ref name="Williams">{{cite book |author=Williams |first=Dana A. |title=In the Light of Likeness-Transformed: The Literary Art of Leon Forrest |date=2005 |publisher=Ohio State University Press |isbn=978-0-8142-0994-3}}</ref><ref name="Muller">{{cite book |author=Jerry Z. Muller |title=Conservatism: An Anthology of Social and Political Thought from David Hume to the Present |url=https://archive.org/details/conservatismanth00mull |url-access=registration |publisher=Princeton University Press |date=1997 |isbn=978-0-691-03711-0}}</ref>
* To challenge [[oppression]].<ref name="Nash & Stewart">{{cite book |author1=Mary Nash |author2=Bruce Stewart |title=Spirituality and Social Care: Contributing to Personal and Community Well-being |publisher=Jessica Kingsley Publishers |date=2002 |isbn=978-1-84310-024-9}}</ref>
* To [[redistribution of income and wealth|distribute wealth]].<ref name="Yao">{{cite book |author=Xinzhong Yao |title=An Introduction to Confucianism |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=2000 |isbn=978-0-521-64430-3}}</ref><ref name="Turner & Rojek">{{cite book |author1=Bryan S. Turner |author2=Chris Rojek |title=Society and Culture: Principles of Scarcity and Solidarity |url=https://archive.org/details/societyculturepr0000turn |url-access=registration |publisher=SAGE |date=2001 |isbn=978-0-7619-7049-1}}</ref>
* To be generous.<ref name="Goonewardene">{{cite book |author=Anil Goonewardene |title=Buddhist Scriptures |publisher=Harcourt Heinemann |date=1994 |isbn=978-0-435-30355-6}}</ref><ref name="Ferry">{{cite book |author=Luc Ferry |title=Man Made God: The Meaning of Life |publisher=University of Chicago Press |date=2002 |isbn=978-0-226-24484-6}}</ref>
* To contribute to the [[well-being]] and spirit of others.<ref name="Stephan & Pace">{{cite book |author1=Eric G. Stephan |author2=R. Wayne Pace |title=Powerful Leadership: How to Unleash the Potential in Others and Simplify Your Own Life |publisher=FT Press |date=2002 |isbn=978-0-13-066836-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Cumberland|first1=Dan|title=Finding Purpose in Life|url=http://themeaningmovement.com/finding-purpose-in-life-finding-your-vocation/|website=TheMeaningMovement|access-date=10 August 2015|date=18 May 2015}}</ref>
* To help others,<ref name="Baggini" /><ref name="Ferry" /> to help one another.<ref name="Steinberg">{{cite book |author=Dominique Moyse Steinberg |url=https://archive.org/details/mutualaidapproac00stei |title=The Mutual-Aid Approach to Working with Groups: Helping People Help One Another |date=2004 |publisher=Haworth Press |isbn=978-0-7890-1462-7 |url-access=registration}}</ref>
* To take every chance to help another while on your journey here.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To be creative and innovative.<ref name="Stephan & Pace" />
* To forgive.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To accept and forgive human flaws.<ref name="Caunt">{{cite book |author=John Caunt |title=Boost Your Self-Esteem |publisher=Kogan Page |date=2002 |isbn=978-0-7494-3871-5}}</ref><ref>[[Ho'oponopono]].</ref>
* To be emotionally sincere.<ref name="Cook">{{cite book |author=John Cook |title=The Book of Positive Quotations |url=https://archive.org/details/bookofpositivequ00cook |url-access=registration |publisher=Fairview Press |date=2007 |isbn=978-1-57749-169-9}}</ref>
* To be responsible.<ref name="Cook" />
* To be honorable.<ref name="Cook" />
* To [[pacifism|seek peace]].<ref name="Cook" />

===Meanings relating to religion===
* To reach the highest heaven and be at the heart of the Divine.<ref name="Halevi">{{cite book |author=Z'ev ben Shimon Halevi |title=The Work of the Kabbalist |publisher=Weiser |date=1993 |isbn=978-0-87728-637-0|author-link=Z'ev ben Shimon Halevi }}</ref>
* To have a pure soul and experience God.<ref name="Cook" />
* To understand the mystery of God.<ref name="Cappannelli" />
* To know or attain union with God.<ref name="Girard">{{cite book |author=Michael Joachim Girard |title=Essential Believing for the Christian Soul |publisher=Xulon Press |date=2006 |isbn=978-1-59781-596-3}}</ref><ref name="Kashmir Shaivism">{{cite book |author=Jaideva Singh |title=Vijñanabhairava|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |date=2003 |isbn=978-81-208-0820-1}}</ref>
* To know oneself, know others, and know the will of heaven.<ref name="Mahadevan">{{cite book |author=T.M.P. Mahadevan |title=Philosophy: Theory and Practice (Proceedings of the International Seminar on World Philosophy) |publisher=Centre for Advanced Study in Philosophy, University of Madras |date=1974}}</ref>
* To love something bigger, greater, and beyond ourselves, something we did not create or have the power to create, something intangible and made holy by our very belief in it.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To love God<ref name="Girard" /> and all of his creations.<ref name="Scully">{{cite book |author=John T. Scully |title=The Five Commandments |publisher=Trafford Publishing |date=2007 |isbn=978-1-4251-1910-2}}</ref>
* To glorify God by enjoying him forever.<ref name="Piper">{{cite book |author=John Piper |title=Desiring God |publisher=Multnomah Books |date=2006 |isbn=978-1-59052-119-9}}</ref>
* To spread your religion and share it with others.<ref name="Harrison"/><ref name="Worsham2">{{bibleverse||Matthew|28:18–20}}.</ref>
* To act justly, love mercy, and walk humbly with your God.<ref name="Worsham">
{{bibleverse||Micah|6:8}}.</ref>
* To be fruitful and multiply.<ref name="Burke">{{cite book |author=Thomas Patrick Burke |title=The Major Religions: An Introduction with Texts |publisher=Blackwell Publishing |date=2004 |isbn=978-1-4051-1049-5}}</ref> ({{bibleverse||Genesis|1:28}})
* To obtain freedom. ({{bibleverse||Romans|8:20-21}})
* To fill the Earth and subdue it.<ref name="Burke" /> ({{bibleverse||Genesis|1:28}})
* To serve humankind,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bofm/mosiah/2.17?lang=eng|title=Book of Mormon: Mosiah 2:17|year= 1830|quote=And behold, I tell you these things that ye may learn wisdom; that ye may learn that when ye are in the service of your fellow beings ye are only in the service of your God.}}</ref> to prepare to meet<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bofm/alma/34.32-34?lang=eng|year=1830|title=Book of Mormon: Alma 32:32|quote=For behold, this life is the time for men to prepare to meet God; yea, behold the day of this life is the day for men to perform their labors.}}</ref> and become more like God,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/ot/gen/3.22?lang=eng|title=Holy Bible: Genesis 3:22|quote=And the Lord God said, Behold, the man is become as one of us, to know good and evil...}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/nt/matt/5.48?lang=eng|title=Holy Bible: Matthew 5:48|quote=Be ye therefore perfect, even as your Father which is in heaven is perfect.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/pgp/moses/1.39?lang=eng|title=Pearl of Great Price: Book of Moses 1:37–39|year=1830|quote=And the Lord God spake unto Moses, saying: ... For behold, this is my work and my glory—to bring to pass the immortality and eternal life of man.|access-date=16 July 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715040406/https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/pgp/moses/1.39?lang=eng|archive-date=15 July 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/manual/teachings-of-presidents-of-the-church-lorenzo-snow/chapter-5-the-grand-destiny-of-the-faithful?lang=eng|title=Teachings of Presidents of the Church: Lorenzo Snow|others=Lorenzo Snow|publisher=The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|orig-year=1884|date=2011|page=83|quote=As man now is, God once was: As God now is, man may be.}}</ref> to choose good over evil,<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bofm/alma/29.5?lang=eng|year=1830|title=Book of Mormon: Alma 29:5|quote=Yea, and I know that good and evil have come before all men; he that knoweth not good from evil is blameless; but he that knoweth good and evil, to him it is given according to his desires, whether he desireth good or evil, life or death, joy or remorse of conscience.}}</ref> and have joy.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bofm/2-ne/2.25?lang=eng|year= 1830|title=Book of Mormon: 2 Nephi 2:25|quote=Adam fell that men might be; and men are, that they might have joy.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/pgp/moses/5.11?lang=eng|title=Pearl of Great Price: Book of Moses 5:11|year=1830|quote=And Eve, his wife, heard all these things and was glad, saying: Were it not for our transgression we never should have had seed, and never should have known good and evil, and the joy of our redemption, and the eternal life which God giveth unto all the obedient.}}</ref>
* ˹He is the One˺ Who created death and life in order to test which of you is best in deeds. And He is the Almighty, All-Forgiving. —{{qref|67|2|b=y}}
* To worship God and enter heaven in afterlife.<ref name="Quran">{{cite book|url=http://corpus.quran.com/translation.jsp?chapter=51&verse=56|title=Holisiajay Quran 51:56|publisher=Quranic Arabic Corpus|quote=I created the jinn and humankind only that they might worship Me.}}</ref>

===To love, to feel, to enjoy the act of living===
* To love more.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To love those who mean the most. Every life you touch will touch you back.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To treasure every enjoyable sensation one has.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To seek [[beauty]] in all its forms.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To have fun or enjoy life.<ref name="Cappannelli" /><ref name="Stephan & Pace" />
* To seek pleasure<ref name="Cook" /> and avoid pain.<ref name="Mitchell">{{cite book |author=T.W. Mitchell |title=Problems in Psychopathology |date=1927 |publisher=Harcourt, Brace & Company}}</ref>
* To be compassionate.<ref name="Cook" />
* To be moved by the tears and pain of others, and try to help them out of love and compassion.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To love others as best we possibly can.<ref name="Seaman" />
* To eat, drink, and be merry.<ref name="Ecclesiastes8:15">{{Bibleverse|Ecclesiastes|8|15}}.</ref>

===To have power, to be better===
* To [[will to power|strive for power]]<ref name="Reginster" /> and superiority.<ref name="Mitchell" />
* To rule the world.<ref name="West">{{cite book |author=John G. West |title=Celebrating Middle-Earth: The Lord of the Rings as a Defense of Western Civilization |publisher=Inkling Books |date=2002 |isbn=978-1-58742-012-2}}</ref>
* To know and master the world.<ref name="Harrison">{{cite book |author=Peter Harrison |title=The Bible, Protestantism, and the Rise of Natural Science |publisher=Cambridge University Press |date=2001 |isbn=978-0-521-00096-3|author-link=Peter Harrison (historian) }}</ref><ref name="Dillon">{{cite book |author=Steven Dillon |title=The Solaris Effect: Art and Artifice in Contemporary American Film |publisher=University of Texas Press |date=2006 |isbn=978-0-292-71345-1}}</ref>
* To know and master nature.<ref name="Aron">{{cite book |author=Raymond Aron |title=The Century of Total War |publisher=Wisdom Publications |date=2000 |isbn=978-0-86171-173-4}}</ref>
* To help life become as powerful as possible.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/blog/2010/mar/05/meaning-life-evolution-universe |title=Is this the meaning of life? John Stewart argues that despite the perception that science has stripped the meaning from life, recent developments in evolutionary theory suggest that humans have a central role to play in the future of the universe |first=John |last=Stewart |date=2010-03-05 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>

===Life has no meaning===
* Life or human existence has no real meaning or purpose because human existence occurred out of a random [[contingency (philosophy)|chance]] in nature, and anything that exists by chance has no intended purpose.<ref name="Tang" />
* Life has no meaning, but as humans we try to associate a meaning or purpose so we can justify our existence.<ref name="Seaman" />
* There is no point in life, and that is exactly what makes it so special.<ref name="Seaman" />

===One should not seek to know and understand the meaning of life===
* The answer to the meaning of life is too profound to be known and understood.<ref name="Tang" />
* You will never live if you are looking for the meaning of life.<ref name="Seaman" />
* The meaning of life is to forget about the search for the meaning of life.<ref name="Seaman" />
* Ultimately, a person should not ask what the meaning of their life is, but rather must recognize that it is they themselves who are asked. In a word, each person is questioned by life; and they can only answer to life by answering for their own life; to life they can only respond by being responsible.<ref>''Man's Search for Meaning'', Viktor Frankl. Beacon Press, 2006, {{ISBN|978-0-8070-1426-4}}.</ref>