Editing Dortmund (section)

==Culture==
{{multiple image
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|image1=Dortmund Oper Kaufmann.jpg
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|caption1= The new [[Theater Dortmund|opera house]] is one of the biggest theaters in Germany.
|image2=Dortmund Konzerthaus.JPG
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|caption2= The [[Konzerthaus Dortmund]] is one of the most outstanding concert halls in Europe.
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The city has a long tradition of music and theatre. The orchestra was founded in 1887 and is now called [[Dortmunder Philharmoniker]]. The first opera house was built in 1904, destroyed in World War II and opened again in 1966 as [[Opernhaus Dortmund]]. It is operated by [[Theater Dortmund]] together with other locations, including (since 2002) the Konzerthaus Dortmund. The Konzerthaus Dortmund is listed in the ECHO list as one of the 21 most outstanding concert halls in Europe.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.concerthallorganisation.eu|title= European Concert Hall Organisation (ECHO)|website=Concerthallorganisation.eu|access-date=8 March 2022}}</ref>

The Domicil Jazz Club is one of the "100 best jazz venues world wide" according to the American jazz magazine ''[[DownBeat]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.domicil-dortmund.de/index.php/ueber-uns.html|title=domicil Dortmund · Live Music Club & Bar · Jazz, World Music, Avantgarde – About us [in english]|website=Domicil-dortmund.de}}</ref>

The Dortmund U-Tower, which was once a brewery, is now European centre for creative economy and the [[Museum am Ostwall]]. The area around the U-Tower called "Union Viertel" is part of the Creative.Quarters Ruhr and are rooted in the European Capital of Culture [[RUHR.2010]].

Dortmund leading cabaret-stage is the Cabaret Queue, which is located next to Lake phoenix. Some other famous cabaret-stages are the [[Fletch Bizzel]] and the theatre Olpktetal. The most important cabaret event is the RuhrHOCHdeutsch, which is one of the most successful cabaret festivals in Germany. It features artists from around the world.

Dortmund is also famous for its Christmas market, which draws well over three and a half million visitors to its 300 stalls around a gigantic Christmas tree creation that stands 45 metres tall. The market is famous for its handmade ornaments and delicacies.

===Recreation===
[[File:Dortmund rombergpark.JPG|thumb|200px|Botanischer Garten Rombergpark]]
[[File:NRW, Dortmund - Fernsehturm Florian 01.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Florianturm]], Westfalenpark]]
[[File:Juicy Beats 2013.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Juicy Beats Festival, Westfalenpark]]
The [[Botanischer Garten Rombergpark]], or informally Rombergpark, is an extensive municipal [[arboretum]] and [[botanical garden]] located in the south of the city center of Dortmund. With its total area of 65 hectares the Rombergpark is one of the largest botanical gardens in the world. The garden was established in 1822 as the Romberg family's English landscape park. In 1927–1929 it was acquired by the city and under city planning director Richard Nose enhanced by a small herb garden. The park and castle were badly damaged in [[World War II]], but starting in 1950 director Gerd Krüssmann rebuilt it as an [[arboretum]], adding some 4,500 species to the park. Today the garden contains a historic English landscape park with monuments; an arboretum containing thousands of species of woody plants, including some of the largest trees in [[North Rhine-Westphalia]]; a terrace with [[palm tree]]s; and four [[greenhouse]]s (1,000 m<sup>2</sup> total area) for [[cactus]] and [[succulent]]s, [[fern]]s, [[tropical plant]]s, and [[camellia]]s, [[jasmine]], and [[lemon]]s.

The [[Dortmund Zoo]] is the zoological garden with 28 hectares next to the Rombergpark and was founded 1953. With 1,800 animals belonging to 250 species, the Dortmund Zoo is the second largest in the Ruhr Valley. It is specialized in the keeping and breeding of [[South America]]n species and is leading in the breeding of the [[giant anteater]], the [[tamandua]], and the [[giant otter]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dortmund.de/de/freizeit_und_kultur/zoo_dortmund/tiere_im_zoo/top_10_arten/index.html|title=Top 10 Arten – Tiere im Zoo – Zoo Dortmund – Freizeit & Kultur – Stadtportal dortmund.de|website=Dortmund.de}}</ref>

The [[Westfalenpark]] is Dortmunds's most popular inner-city park. The park is 72 hectares in size and is one of the largest urban gardens of Germany. It was first opened in 1959 as the second [[Bundesgartenschau]] ([[Abbreviation|abbr.]] BUGA) in [[North Rhine-Westphalia]]. With the National Rosarium with 3,000 different rose varieties, theme gardens, an environmental protection centre, the German Cookbook Museum, a geological garden, cafés, and recreation areas, it provides numerous opportunities for a day of diverse activities. Dortmund's Westfalenpark is also a popular location for events in the Ruhr area- with parties, festivals, events, theatre, music, and flea and garden markets. One of the best views across the whole Ruhr valley is offered by the visitors platform and the revolving restaurant in the 209-metre-high [[Florian tower]]. Another summer attraction is the chair lift, which opened in 1959 and runs on Sundays between a "Mountain" and "Valley" station 500 metres apart.<ref>Charles & Brigid Quest-Ritson, "The Royal Horticultural Society Encyclopedia of Roses", Dorling Kindersley 2003, p. 419</ref>

===Museums===
With more than 20 museums, Dortmund has one of the largest variety of museums in the Ruhr Valley, one of which, the [[Zollern II/IV Colliery|LWL Industrial Museum Zollern II/IV Colliery]], is an anchor point on the [[European Route of Industrial Heritage]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.erih.net/nc/anchor-points/detail.html?user_erihobjects_pi2%5Bpointer%5D=0&user_erihobjects_pi2%5Bmode%5D=1&user_erihobjects_pi2%5BshowUid%5D=15331&user_erihobjects_pi2%5Bregionalroute%5D=0&user_erihobjects_pi2%5BanchorOnly%5D=1&user_erihobjects_pi2%5BmembersOnly%5D=0|title=ERIH Entry:LWL Industrial Museum Zollern II/IV Colliery|date=2014|publisher=European Route of Industrial Heritage|access-date=15 January 2015|archive-date=22 September 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140922033327/http://www.erih.net/nc/anchor-points/detail.html?user_erihobjects_pi2&#91;pointer&#93;=0&user_erihobjects_pi2&#91;mode&#93;=1&user_erihobjects_pi2&#91;showUid&#93;=15331&user_erihobjects_pi2&#91;regionalroute&#91;anchorOnly&#91;membersOnly&#93;=0|url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:Dortmund Museum Kunst Kulturgeschichte IMGP8267.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Museum of Art and Cultural History]]

The [[Museum am Ostwall]] (known as Museum am Ostwall until 2010) is a museum of [[Modern art|modern]] and [[contemporary art]]. It was founded in the late 1940s, and has been located in the [[Dortmund U-Tower]] since 2010. The collection includes [[paintings]], [[sculptures]], objects, and [[photographs]] from the 20th century, plus over 2,500 [[Graphic art|graphics]], spanning [[Expressionism]] through classic modern art to the present day. At the heart of the collection are works by [[Ernst Ludwig Kirchner]], [[Otto Mueller]], [[Emil Nolde]], and graphics by [[Pablo Picasso]] from the 1940s and '50s, plus others by [[Joan Miró]], [[Marc Chagall]], and [[Salvador Dalí]].

The [[German Football Museum]] ({{langx|de|Deutsches Fußballmuseum}}), aka [[German Football Association|DFB]]-Museum, is the national museum for [[Football in Germany|German football]]. It is located close to the [[Dortmund Hauptbahnhof]] and is part of an art and culture mile between the creative center [[Dortmund U-Tower]] and the [[Theater Dortmund]], founded to preserve, conserve and interpret important collections of football memorabilia. In its permanent exhibition, the museum presents the history of [[Germany national football team]] and the [[Bundesliga]].
[[File:Dasa4.jpg|thumb|right|DASA Arbeitswelt Ausstellung]]

The [[Museum für Kunst und Kulturgeschichte]] or MKK (''Museum of Art and Cultural History'') is a municipal museum located in an [[Art Deco]] building which was formerly the Dortmund Savings Bank. The collection includes paintings, sculptures, furniture, and applied art, illustrating the cultural history of Dortmund from early times to the 20th century. There are regular temporary exhibitions of art and culture, as well as a permanent exhibition on the history of [[surveying]], with rare geodetic instruments.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dortmund.de/de/freizeit_und_kultur/museen/mkk/dasmuseum/kurzportrt/index.html|title=Kurzporträt – Das Museum – Museum für Kunst und Kulturgeschichte – Museen – Freizeit, Kultur, Tourismus |website=Dortmund.de}}</ref>

The [[Steinwache]] is a memorial museum of the exhibition Widerstand und Verfolgung in Dortmund 1933–1945 ("Resistance and Persecution in Dortmund 1933–1945"), which demonstrates the persecution under National Socialism with many photographs, short texts and sometimes with reports from contemporary witnesses. The museum is located in an old prison and had a reputation as Die Hölle von Westdeutschland ("The hell of western Germany"). Between 1933 and 1945 more than 66,000 people were imprisoned in the Steinwache prison.

Other important museums in Dortmund are: 
* DASA – Arbeitswelt Ausstellung (Germany Occupational Health and Safety Exhibition)
* Architecture Archive North Rhine-Westphalia
* [[Borussia Dortmund|Borusseum]] (Museum of Borussia Dortmund)
* [[Zollern II/IV Colliery|LWL Industrial Museum Zollern II/IV Colliery]] (Germany's first technical building monument of international importance)
* Museum of natural history Dortmund
* Brewery museum
* HOESCH Museum

Not directly located in Dortmund but important for the city history:
* [[Henrichenburg boat lift]] (is a popular destination for cyclists along the canals of the northern Ruhr area).

===Festivals and nightlife===
[[File:Mayday 2009 dortmund halle 1.jpg|thumb|right|Mayday 2009 Westfalenhallen]]
Dortmund offers a variety of restaurants, bars and clubs. Clubs concentrate in and around the city centre (Wallring) and in the Kreuzviertel district. Furthermore, Dortmund is one of the main centres of the Electronic dance music and techno subculture. With the [[Mayday (music festival)|Mayday]] and Syndicate festivals, the Westfalenhalle Arena has become one of the most important techno strongholds in [[Europe]]. 

After negotiations with several German cities, it was announced that the [[Love Parade]] would move to the [[Ruhr Area]] for five years (2007–2012). 
After [[Essen]] in 2007 the festival took 2008 place on the [[Bundesstraße 1]] under the motto ''Highway of Love''. The event was planned as a "Love Weekend", with parties throughout the region. For the first time the Turkish electronic scene was represented by its own float, called "[[Turkish Delights (music project)|Turkish Delights]]". The official estimate is that 1.6 million visitors attended, making it the largest parade to date.<ref>
{{Cite news
  | last = Volmerich
  | first = Oliver
  | title = Feucht, fröhlich, friedlich
  | newspaper = [[Ruhr Nachrichten]], Dortmunder Zeitung
  | pages = DOLO1x1
  | date = 21 July 2008
  }}, in [[German language]]</ref>

Every year, the Juicy Beats music festival turns the Westfalenpark into a huge festival ground for pop, rap, electro, indie, alternative, reggae, and urban beats – most recently with over 50,000 visitors.

===Cuisine===
[[File:Bäckerei Fischer am Rathaus (1).jpg|thumb|Traditional bakery for Dortmunder Salzkuchen]]
[[File:Dortmund Hörde Burg 08.jpg|thumb|right|Dortmunder Export]]
[[File:Panhas - Janana 2a.jpg|thumb|right|Panhas]]
Traditional meals in the region are [[Pfefferpotthast]] (a form of Goulash, though containing more beef), [[Balkenbrij]], [[Himmel und erde|Heaven and Earth]] (Himmel und Äd; [[black pudding]] with stewed apples mixed with [[mashed potato]]es), [[Currywurst]], and [[Pumpernickel]] with Griebenschmalz (German lard with crispy pieces of pork skin).

In summer the people like to eat a Dortmunder Salzkuchen (bread buns with caraway seeds, salt, meat, and onions). Also a special meal in the winter is [[Reibekuchen]] (fried potato pancake served with apple sauce).

Dortmund had more than 550 years of brewing tradition; some of the oldest [[brewery|breweries]] in [[Westphalia]] are founded around the Old Market in Dortmund. Dortmund is known for its pale lager beer called [[Dortmunder Export]] or Dortmunder; it became popular with industrial workers and was responsible for Dortmunder Union becoming Germany's largest brewery and Dortmund having the highest concentration of breweries in Germany. Popular and traditionally beer brands are [[Dortmunder Actien Brauerei]], Bergmann Bier, [[Kronen]], [[Dortmund U-Tower|Union]], Brinkhoff's, [[Dortmunder Actien Brauerei|Dortmunder Hansa]], Hövels, Ritter, Thier, and Stifts.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.europeanbeerguide.net/dortpubs.htm|title=Dortmund Pub Guide :: the best beer bars, pubs and brewpubs|website=Europeanbeerguide.net|access-date=18 November 2017|archive-date=17 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517212141/http://www.europeanbeerguide.net/dortpubs.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>

"Stösschen" is a beer in a small glass "Stösschen" 0.2 litres and can be drunk in about two draughts. The idea of a Stößchen came about in the 19th century, when people would have to wait at the level crossing to cross the Nordstadt Railway Line that divided the city centre from the Nordstadt district. A local innkeeper realised the potential of serving quick drinks to waiting people, and thus began a Dortmund tradition.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thebeergeek.com/tag/dortmund/|title=Dortmund|website=Thebeergeek.com}}</ref>

The Dortmunder Tropfen [[Schnaps]] is a type of [[liqueur]] that is flavored with [[herb]]s or [[spices]] and traditionally drunk [[neat (bartending)|neat]] as a [[Apéritif and digestif|digestif]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.august-kraemer.de/brennerei/|title=Brennerei – Krämer Shop|website=August-kraemer.de}}</ref>