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=== Israel === [[File:Tiran Guns IMG 0937.JPG|thumb|An Israeli soldier stands next to an Egyptian gun that had blocked the [[Tiran Straits]].]] The Israel Defense Forces gained confidence from the campaign.{{According to whom|date=July 2016}} The war demonstrated that Israel was capable of executing large scale military manoeuvres in addition to small night-time raids and counter-insurgency operations. [[David Ben-Gurion]], reading on 16 November that 90,000 British and French troops had been involved in the Suez affair, wrote in his diary, 'If they had only appointed a commander of ours over this force, Nasser would have been destroyed in two days.'<ref name="lrb.co.uk">{{Cite book |last=Lucas |first=W. Scott |title=Divided we Stand: Britain, the US and the Suez Crisis |date=September 1991 |publisher=Hodder |isbn=978-0-3405-3666-7}}<br />Cited in {{Cite news |last=Kyle |first=Keith |date=25 February 1993 |title=Lacking in style |url=https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v15/n04/keith-kyle/lacking-in-style |access-date=2023-03-17 |work=London Review of Books |language=en |volume=15 |issue=4 |issn=0260-9592}}</ref> The war also had tangible benefits for Israel. The [[Straits of Tiran]], closed by Egypt since 1950,<ref name="Pierre2014"/> were re-opened. Israeli shipping could henceforth move freely through the Straits of Tiran to and from Africa and Asia. The Israelis also secured the presence of UN Peacekeepers in Sinai. Operation Kadesh bought Israel an eleven-year lull on its southern border with Egypt.<ref>{{Harvnb|Herzog|1982|p=141}}</ref> Israel escaped the political humiliation that befell Britain and France following their swift, forced withdrawal. In addition, its stubborn refusal to withdraw without guarantees, even in defiance of the United States and United Nations, ended all Western efforts, mainly American and British ones, to impose a political settlement in the Middle East without taking Israel's security needs into consideration.<ref name="Alteras"/> In October 1965 Eisenhower told Jewish fundraiser and Republican party supporter [[Max M. Fisher]] that he greatly regretted forcing Israel to withdraw from the Sinai peninsula; Vice-President Nixon recalled that Eisenhower expressed the same view to him on several occasions.<ref name="Alteras">{{Harvnb|Alteras|1993}}</ref>
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