Editing Fusion power (section)

=== First tokamak ===
In the early 1950s, Soviet physicists [[Igor Tamm|I.E. Tamm]] and [[Andrei Sakharov|A.D. Sakharov]] developed the concept of the tokamak, combining a low-power pinch device with a low-power stellarator.<ref name="quest" />
[[Andrei Sakharov|A.D. Sakharov]]'s group constructed the first tokamaks, achieving the first quasistationary fusion reaction.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Irvine|first=Maxwell |title=Nuclear power: a very short introduction|date=2014|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0199584970|location=Oxford|language=en|oclc=920881367}}</ref><sup>:90</sup>

Over time, the "advanced tokamak" concept emerged, which included non-circular plasma, internal diverters and limiters, superconducting magnets, operation in the "H-mode" island of increased stability,<ref>{{Citation|last=Kusama|first=Y.|title=Requirements for Diagnostics in Controlling Advanced Tokamak Modes|date=2002|work=Advanced Diagnostics for Magnetic and Inertial Fusion|pages=31–38|editor-last=Stott|editor-first=Peter E.|place=Boston, MA|publisher=Springer US|language=en|doi=10.1007/978-1-4419-8696-2_5|isbn=978-1441986962|editor2-last=Wootton|editor2-first=Alan|editor3-last=Gorini|editor3-first=Giuseppe|editor4-last=Sindoni|editor4-first=Elio}}</ref> and the compact tokamak, with the magnets on the inside of the vacuum chamber.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Menard|first=J. E.|date=February 4, 2019|title=Compact steady-state tokamak performance dependence on magnet and core physics limits|url= |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences|volume=377|issue=2141|pages=20170440|doi=10.1098/rsta.2017.0440|pmid=30967044|pmc=6365855|bibcode=2019RSPTA.37770440M|issn=1364-503X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Kaw |first=P. K. |date=1999 |title=Steady state operation of tokamaks |journal=Nuclear Fusion |volume=39 |issue=11 |pages=1605–1607 |doi=10.1088/0029-5515/39/11/411 |issn=0029-5515 |s2cid=250826481}}</ref>
[[File:TMX Baseball Coils.jpg|thumb|Magnetic mirrors suffered from end losses, requiring high power, complex magnetic designs, such as the baseball coil pictured here.]]
{{multiple image
| image1 = Novette laser.jpg
| width1 = 150
| caption1 = The Novette target chamber (metal sphere with diagnostic devices protruding radially), which was reused from the [[shiva laser|Shiva]] project and two newly built laser chains visible in background
| image2 = Fusion target implosion on NOVA laser.jpg
| width2 = 150
| caption2 = Inertial confinement fusion implosion on the [[Nova laser]] during the 1980s was a key driver of fusion development.
}}