Editing Suez Crisis (section)

=== France ===
Risse-Kappen argued that [[France–United States relations|Franco-American ties]] never recovered from the Suez crisis. There were various reasons for this. Previously there had already been strains in the Franco-American relationship triggered by what Paris considered U.S. betrayal of the French war effort in Indochina at [[Battle of Dien Bien Phu|Dien Bien Phu]] in 1954.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Harvnb|Risse-Kappen|1997|p=103}}</ref> According to Risse-Kappen, this incident demonstrated the weakness of the [[NATO]] alliance by not planning and co-operating beyond the European stage. Mollet believed Eden should have delayed calling the Cabinet together until 7 November, taking the whole canal in the meantime, and then veto with the French any UN resolution on sanctions.<ref name="auto">{{Harvnb|Risse-Kappen|1997|p=84}}</ref>

From the point of view of General [[Charles de Gaulle]], the Suez events demonstrated to France that it could not rely on its allies. The British had initiated a ceasefire in the midst of the battle without consulting the French, while the Americans had opposed Paris politically. The damage to the ties between Paris and Washington, D.C., "culminated in President de Gaulle's 1966 decision to withdraw from the military integration of NATO".<ref name="auto"/>

The Suez war had an immense impact on French domestic politics. Much of the French Army officer corps felt that they been "betrayed" by what they considered to be the spineless politicians in Paris when they were on the verge of victory just as they believed they had been "betrayed" in Vietnam in 1954, and accordingly became more determined to win the war in Algeria, even if it meant overthrowing the [[French Fourth Republic|Fourth Republic]] to do so. The Suez crisis thus helped to set the stage for the military disillusionment with the Fourth Republic, which was to lead to the [[May 1958 crisis in France|collapse of the republic]] in 1958.<ref name="Sowerwine, Charles p. 278">Sowerwine, Charles ''France Since 1870'', London: Palgrave Macmillan, 2009 p. 278.</ref> According to the protocol of Sèvres agreements, France secretly transmitted parts of its [[France and weapons of mass destruction|own atomic technology]] to Israel, including a detonator.<ref>''[http://www.france5.fr/programmes/articles/histoire/734-affaire-de-suez-le-pacte-secret.php Affaire de Suez, Le Pacte Secret] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419060224/http://www.france5.fr/programmes/articles/histoire/734-affaire-de-suez-le-pacte-secret.php |date=19 April 2012}}'', Peter Hercombe et Arnaud Hamelin, France 5/Sunset Presse/Transparence, 2006</ref>