Editing Lombardy (section)

===Airports===
[[File:Milan malpensa terminal airport.jpg|thumb|The intercontinental [[Spoke–hub distribution paradigm|hub]] of [[Milan Malpensa Airport]] is 9th in the world and 6th in Europe for the number of countries served with direct scheduled flights.<ref name="Ceresa"/>]]
[[File:Terminal Linate.jpg|thumb|[[Milan Linate Airport]] is the 8th airport in Italy for passenger traffic.<ref name="Linate"/>]]
[[File:Bergamo airport terminal.jpg|thumb|Departures area of the [[Milan Bergamo Airport]]. It is one of [[Ryanair]]'s three main operating bases, along with [[Dublin Airport]] and [[London Stansted Airport]].<ref name="Ryanair"/>]]

The airport service in Lombardy is made up of 4 main airports and represents the most important airport system in Italy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.regione.lombardia.it/wps/portal/istituzionale/HP/DettaglioAvviso/servizi-e-informazioni/imprese/imprese-di-trasporto-e-logistica/dati-traffico-aeroporti|title=Confermata anche nel 2017 la crescita del sistema aeroportuale|access-date=3 February 2024|language=it}}</ref> In the surroundings of Milan there are three airports dedicated to normal civilian traffic (Milan Malpensa Airport and Milan Linate Airport, managed by SEA, and Milan Bergamo Airport by SACBO). 

Overall, the Milan airport system handles traffic of over 51.4&nbsp;million passengers and around 700,000 tons of goods every year and is the first in Italy in terms of passenger volume and cargo volume (the second Italian airport system is Rome with 44.4&nbsp;million passengers in 2023).<ref>{{cite web |access-date=1 February 2024 |language=it |publisher=Assareoporti |title=Statistiche Dati di Traffico Aeroportuale Italiano |url=https://assaeroporti.com/statistiche/}}</ref> The Milan Malpensa Airport, with over 700 thousand tons, confirms the national leadership, processing 70% of the country's air cargo.<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 January 2023 |title=Aeroporti italiani: nel 2022 passeggeri in crescita, gli scali del Sud e delle Isole guidano la ripresa del traffico verso i livelli pre-Covid |url=https://assaeroporti.com/aeroporti-italiani-nel-2022-passeggeri-in-crescita-gli-scali-del-sud-e-delle-isole-guidano-la-ripresa-del-traffico-verso-i-livelli-pre-covid/ |access-date=21 February 2023 |website=Assaeroporti |language=it-IT |archive-date=21 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221122524/https://assaeroporti.com/aeroporti-italiani-nel-2022-passeggeri-in-crescita-gli-scali-del-sud-e-delle-isole-guidano-la-ripresa-del-traffico-verso-i-livelli-pre-covid/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

* The intercontinental [[Spoke–hub distribution paradigm|hub]] of [[Milan Malpensa Airport]] (MXP) is Italy's second-busiest airport, after [[Rome Fiumicino Airport]], with 24.1&nbsp;million passengers served in 2023 and Italy's busiest for freight and cargo, handling about 700,000 tons of international freight in 2022. Malpensa Airport is the largest [[international airport]] in northern [[Italy]], serving Lombardy, [[Piedmont]] and [[Liguria]], as well as the Swiss [[Canton of Ticino]]. The airport is located {{convert|49|km|mi}} northwest of Milan,<ref name="AIP">{{cite web |url=http://www.ead.eurocontrol.int/publicuser/protect/pu/main.jsp |title=EAD Basic |publisher=Ead.eurocontrol.int |access-date=7 November 2010 |archive-date=5 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005154221/http://www.ead.eurocontrol.int/publicuser/protect/pu/main.jsp |url-status=live }}</ref> in the [[province of Varese]] next to the [[Ticino (river)|Ticino]] river dividing Lombardy and Piedmont. Malpensa airport is 9th in the world and 6th in Europe for the number of countries served with direct scheduled flights <ref name="Ceresa">{{Cite web |last=Ceresa |first=Gabriele |date=15 February 2023 |title=Malpensa torna tra i primi 10 aeroporti al mondo per Paesi serviti con voli diretti |url=https://www.malpensa24.it/malpensa-classifica-aeroporti-mondo/ |access-date=22 February 2023 |website=MALPENSA24.it |language=it-IT |archive-date=22 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230222001925/https://www.malpensa24.it/malpensa-classifica-aeroporti-mondo/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It is connected to Milan by the [[Malpensa Express]] railway service and by various bus lines.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.malpensaexpress.it/ |title=Collegamento Milano Malpensa – Malpensa Express |publisher=Malpensaexpress.it |access-date=7 November 2010 |archive-date=18 October 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018081453/http://www.malpensaexpress.it/en/index.php |url-status=live }}</ref> The airport is located inside the [[Parco naturale lombardo della Valle del Ticino]], a [[nature reserve]] included by [[UNESCO]] in the [[World Network of Biosphere Reserves]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Parco del Ticino |title=Turismo sostenibile |url=https://ente.parcoticino.it/visita-il-parco/come-muoversi-nel-parco/turismo-sostenibile/ |website=ente.parcoticino.it |publisher=Parco Lombardo Valle del Ticino |access-date=8 July 2024 |language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Unesco |title=Ticino, Val Grande Verbano |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/mab/ticino-val-grande-verbano |website=unesco.org |publisher=Unesco |access-date=7 July 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Milan Linate Airport]] (LIN) is Milan's city airport, less than {{convert|8|km|abbr=on}} from central Milan, and is mainly used for domestic and short-haul international flights.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.arpalombardia.it/temi-ambientali/rumore-e-vibrazioni/aeroporti/linate/|title=L'aeroporto di Milano Linate|access-date=3 February 2024|language=it}}</ref> Linate Airport is hub of [[ITA Airways]] together with [[Rome Fiumicino Airport]] and is connected to the centre of Milan via the [[Milan Metro Line 4|M4 blue metro line]]. It served 8.6&nbsp;million passengers in 2023 ranking as the 8th airport in Italy for passenger traffic.<ref name="Linate">{{Cite web |title=Statistiche Dati di Traffico Aeroportuale Italiano |url=https://assaeroporti.com/statistiche/ |access-date=22 February 2023 |website=Assaeroporti |language=it-IT |archive-date=8 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131208020646/https://assaeroporti.com/statistiche/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Milan Bergamo Airport]] (BGY) is mainly used for low-cost, charter and cargo flights.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://lombardia.portale-infrastrutture.it/infrastruttura.php?id=338|title=Aeroporto di Bergamo - Orio al Serio|access-date=3 February 2024|language=it}}</ref> The airport is located in [[Orio al Serio]], {{convert|3.7|km|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Bergamo]] and  {{convert|45|km|abbr=on}} northeast of [[Milan]]. It is one of [[Ryanair]]'s three main operating bases, along with [[Dublin Airport]] and [[London Stansted Airport]].<ref name="Ryanair">{{Cite web |title=Ryanair |url=https://www.ryanair.com/gb/en |access-date=9 January 2024 |website=Ryanair.com}}</ref> A bus service operated by ATB connects to the airport, about 10 minutes from the [[Bergamo railway station]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.orioaeroporto.it/en/train/|title=Train SACBO|access-date=25 October 2015|archive-date=29 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170929144534/http://www.orioaeroporto.it/en/train/|url-status=dead}}</ref> It served 14.7&nbsp;million passengers in 2023.<ref>{{cite web|title=Real time flights|url=https://www.milanbergamoairport.it/en/|publisher=milanbergamoairport.it|access-date=30 January 2019|archive-date=30 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201130043625/https://www.milanbergamoairport.it/en/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The [[Brescia Airport]] (VBS) is mainly used for postal and cargo flights, but also welcomes scheduled national and international flights for passengers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://brescia.corriere.it/notizie/economia/16_maggio_19/aeroporto-montichiari-brescia-voli-ucraina-sardegna-israele-a585e64e-1d95-11e6-8d1a-6eb7d9c593f0.shtml|title=Aeroporto di Montichiari: ecco i voli per Ucraina, Sardegna e Israele|date=19 May 2016 |access-date=4 July 2016|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.giornaledibrescia.it/bassa/da-montichiari-all-ucraina-non-chiamateli-voli-delle-badanti-1.3088758|title=Da Montichiari all'Ucraina: «Non chiamateli voli delle badanti»|date=20 May 2016 |access-date=4 July 2016|language=it}}</ref> Brescia Airport is the main sorting base for [[Poste Italiane]]'s [[air mail]]: [[DHL]] and [[Poste Air Cargo]] postal and cargo flights depart and arrive every night.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.mistralair.it/it/compagnia/attivita|title=Compagnia - Attività: Voli postali e cargo|access-date=12 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141049/https://www.mistralair.it/it/compagnia/attivita|archive-date=12 June 2018|url-status=dead|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aeroportobrescia.it/aeroporto-valerio-catullo-spa/informazioni-istituzionali/aeroporto-di-brescia.html|title=Aeroporto di Brescia|access-date=25 January 2020|language=it}}</ref> The airport also benefits from an intensification of freight traffic, thanks to a partnership agreement signed between the Poste Italiane and [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]].<ref>{{cite web|first=Valerio|last=Morabito|url=http://www.bresciaoggi.it/territori/bassa/amazon-salva-l-aeroporto-boom-del-traffico-merci-1.6221371|title=Amazon salva l'aeroporto, boom del traffico merci|date=11 January 2018|access-date=12 January 2018|language=it}}</ref> Since November 2018, the airport has also become one of the main bases for cargo flights of the international courier [[DHL]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bresciaoggi.it/territori/bassa/montichiari/aeroporto-oxygen-from-the-sky-stalled-thanks-to-cargo-dhl-1.6912999|title=Airport stalled. Oxygen from the sky thanks to DHL cargoes|date=16 November 2018|access-date=12 December 2018}}</ref>

Lastly, [[Bresso Airfield]] is a [[general aviation]] airport, operated by Aero Club Milano.<ref>{{cite web|title=The airport: technical information|url=http://www.aeroclubmilano.it/en/airport/technical-information|publisher=Aero Club Milano|access-date=29 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230060255/http://www.aeroclubmilano.it/en/airport/technical-information|archive-date=30 December 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Since 1960 the airport mostly serves as a general aviation airfield for flying club activity, touristic flights and air taxi.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aeroclubmilano.it/|title=Aero Club Milano|access-date=9 February 2024|language=it}}</ref> It also hosts a base of the state helicopter emergency service ''Elisoccorso''.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.hems-association.com/it/base/7.html | title=Base di elisoccorso Milano &#124; HEMS Association|access-date=9 February 2024|language=it}}</ref>

[[Ghedi Air Base]] is a base of the [[Italian Air Force]] in [[Ghedi]], about {{convert|15|km|mi|abbr=on}} from [[Brescia]]. It is home to the [[6º Stormo]] of the Italian Air Force with the [[102º Gruppo]] (''Papero''), the [[154º Gruppo]] (''Diavoli Rossi'') and the [[155º Gruppo]] (''Le linci'') equipped with the [[Panavia Tornado|Tornado IDS]]. It is one of six active air bases in five European countries with [[B61 nuclear bomb]]s in underground [[Weapon Storage Security System (WS3)|WS3 Weapon Storage and Security System]] inside aircraft shelters.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.panorama.it/news/oltrefrontiera/armi-nucleari-italia/|title = Armi nucleari in Italia: Dove, come, perché|date = 24 April 2013|access-date=11 February 2024|language=it}}</ref> and as of 2019 housed more than 40 nuclear weapons.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.swissinfo.ch/ita/un-arsenale-atomico-alle-porte-della-svizzera/4359306|title=Un arsenale atomico alle porte della Svizzera|date=14 February 2005 |access-date=26 January 2019|language=it}}</ref>