Editing Foreign relations of China (section)

=====Pakistan=====
{{main|Foreign relations of Pakistan|China–Pakistan relations}}

{{see also|China–Pakistan Economic Corridor}}
{{Flagicon|Pakistan}}{{Flagicon|China}}

Pakistan and China have enjoyed strong relations, which encompass military, economic and diplomatic ties, since the 1960s.<ref name="auto">{{cite web|last=Nasser Amin|year=2019|title=The dynamics of the Sino-Pakistani strategic partnership from its formation in the 1960s to the present|url=https://londonchurchillcollege.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/JCDMS-V7-MASTER-FILE-FINALD10-260819_Final-Copy.pdf#page=53|access-date=10 May 2020|publisher=Journal of Contemporary Development & Management Studies, p51|publication-place=London Churchill College|archive-date=16 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200716130610/https://londonchurchillcollege.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/JCDMS-V7-MASTER-FILE-FINALD10-260819_Final-Copy.pdf#page=53|url-status=dead}}</ref> UK scholar Nasser Amin considers the Sino-Pak entente to be a special kind of relationship in the post-war global system, since there are no natural ties or affinities of culture, religion or ideology that have existed between Islamabad and Beijing; rather, the close relationship appears to substantiate a fundamental premise of the [[Neorealism (international relations)|Neo-Realist school of IR thought]]: namely, that states join in alliance with other states on the basis of power considerations, in this case a shared hostility to India.<ref name="auto" />

The [[China–Pakistan Economic Corridor]] (CPEC) is a collection of infrastructure projects that are currently under construction throughout Pakistan.<ref>[https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2997650 China Pakistan Economic Corridor.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180603013419/https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2997650 |date=3 June 2018 }}{{cite news|title=China's Xi in Pakistan to cement huge infrastructure projects, submarine sales|first1=Tom|last1=Hussain|newspaper=[[McClatchy News]]|date=19 April 2015|location=Islamabad|publisher=mcclatchydc}}</ref><ref name="Kiani">{{cite news|url=http://www.dawn.com/news/1287040|title=With a new Chinese loan, CPEC is now worth $62bn|newspaper=Dawn|location=Pakistan|date=30 September 2016|access-date=19 November 2016|first=Khaleeq|last=Kiani|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160930033525/http://www.dawn.com/news/1287040|archive-date=30 September 2016|url-status=live}}</ref> CPEC is intended to rapidly modernize Pakistani infrastructure and strengthen its economy by the construction of modern transportation networks, numerous energy projects, and [[special economic zone]]s.<ref name="Kiani" /><ref>{{cite web|date=23 November 2016|title=CPEC: The devil is not in the details|url=http://herald.dawn.com/news/1153597/cpec-the-devil-is-not-in-the-details|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161123090242/http://herald.dawn.com/news/1153597/cpec-the-devil-is-not-in-the-details|archive-date=23 November 2016|access-date=23 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/846370/economic-corridor-chinese-official-sets-record-straight/|title=Economic corridor: Chinese official sets record straight|date=2 March 2015|newspaper=[[The Express Tribune]]|access-date=23 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150303061541/http://tribune.com.pk/story/846370/economic-corridor-chinese-official-sets-record-straight/|archive-date=3 March 2015|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="mcclatchydc">{{cite news|title=China's Xi in Pakistan to cement huge infrastructure projects, submarine sales|first1=Tom|last1=Hussain|newspaper=[[McClatchy News]]|date=19 April 2015|location=Islamabad|publisher=mcclatchydc}}</ref> The CPEC will connect Pakistan with China and the Central Asian countries with highway connecting [[Kashgar]] to [[Khunjerab Pass|Khunjerab]] and [[Gwadar]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tribune.com.pk/story/591372/boosting-trade-pak-china-economic-corridor-plan-gets-premiers-go-ahead/|title=Boosting trade: Pak-China economic corridor plan gets premier's go-ahead|date=16 August 2013|access-date=23 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924152121/https://tribune.com.pk/story/591372/boosting-trade-pak-china-economic-corridor-plan-gets-premiers-go-ahead/|archive-date=24 September 2018|url-status=live}}</ref> More recently, China has signed several free trade agreements with Pakistan as well as several bilateral trade agreements such as the Early Harvest Agreement and the establishment of a duty-free export zone ([[Sust]] Dry Port) in Pakistan's [[Gilgit-Baltistan]]. China continues to invest heavily into Pakistan, and is providing assistance in the development of [[Gwadar Port]] – the country's 3rd most major port,<ref>[http://www.asianews.it/index.php?l=en&art=8801&geo=2&theme=6&size=A {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929133910/http://www.asianews.it/index.php?l=en&art=8801&geo=2&theme=6&size=A |date=29 September 2007 }} PAKISTAN – CHINA Chinese-funded port in [[Baluchistan, Pakistan]] to give Beijing direct access to the Middle East</ref> timber transhipments from Mozambique, as well as improving infrastructure and the development of a pipeline from the said port towards China's western regions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/IB24Df02.html|title=South Asia news: China-Pakistan rail link on horizon|access-date=21 June 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110522132551/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/South_Asia/IB24Df02.html|archive-date=22 May 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Trade and goodwill between Pakistan and China are relatively strong due to the bordered Muslims area of [[Xinjiang]], who used Pakistan as a transit to [[Mecca|Mecca/Makkah]] for pilgrimage. [[Pakistani]] students often go to China to study while Chinese workers come to Pakistan to work on infrastructure projects. Pakistan ceded a portion of [[Kashmir]] in the 1960s. They also share the [[Karakoram Highway]], one of the highest paved roads in the world. Pakistani and Chinese authorities collaborated on everything from nuclear and space technology where help was provided by China to Pakistan, to cruise missile and naval technology.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}