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==Sources== {{full citations needed|date=March 2024}} '''Printed sources''' {{refbegin|40em}} <!-- A --> * {{Citation | last =Aguirre | first =Blaise |year =2018 | title =Mindfulness and Meditation: Your Questions Answered | publisher =ABC-CLIO}} <!-- B --> * {{cite book |last1=Benson |first1=Herbert |first2=Miriam Z. |last2=Klipper |year=2000 |orig-date=1972 |title=The Relaxation Response. |publisher=Harper |isbn=0-380-81595-8}} * {{cite journal |last1=Bond |first1=Kenneth |last2=Ospina |first2=Maria B. |last3=Hooton |first3=Nicola |last4=Bialy |first4=Liza |last5=Dryden |first5=Donna M. |last6=Buscemi |first6=Nina |last7=Shannahoff-Khalsa |first7=David |last8=Dusek |first8=Jeffrey |last9=Carlson |first9=Linda E. |title=Defining a complex intervention: The development of demarcation criteria for 'meditation' |journal=Psychology of Religion and Spirituality |date=2009 |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=129β137 |doi=10.1037/a0015736 }}<!--{{Sfn |Bond |Ospina |Hooton |Bialy |2009 |p=}} --> <small>(NB: {{harvtxt|Bond|Ospina|Hooton|Bialy|2009}} has substantial overlap with the full report by {{harvtxt|Ospina|Bond|Karkhaneh|Tjosvold|2007}}, listed below. Overlap includes the first 6 authors of this paper, and the equivalence of Table 3 on p. 134 in this paper with Table B1 on p. 281 in the full report)</small> * {{cite book |first=Bhikkhu |last=Bodhi |author-link=Bhikkhu Bodhi |url=http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/bodhi/waytoend.html |title=The Noble Eightfold Path: The Way to the End of Suffering |year=1999 |access-date=4 July 2006 |archive-date=28 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828222920/http://www.accesstoinsight.org/lib/authors/bodhi/waytoend.html |url-status=live }} * {{Citation | last =Bodhi | first =Bhikkhu | year =2005 | title=In the Buddha's Words: An Anthology of Discourses from the Pali Canon | publisher =Simon and Schuster}} * {{Citation | last =Bronkhorst | first =Johannes | author-link = Johannes Bronkhorst | year =1993 | title=The Two Traditions Of Meditation In Ancient India | publisher =Motilal Banarsidass Publ.}}<!--{{Sfn |Bronkhurst|1993 |p=}} --> <!-- C --> * {{cite journal |last1=Cahn |first1=B. Rael |last2=Polich |first2=John |title=Meditation states and traits: EEG, ERP, and neuroimaging studies |journal=Psychological Bulletin |date=2006 |volume=132 |issue=2 |pages=180β211 |doi=10.1037/0033-2909.132.2.180 |pmid=16536641 |s2cid=2151810 }}<!--{{Sfn |Cahn|Polich|2006 |p=}} --> * {{cite journal | last1=Chan-Ob | first1=T | last2=Boonyanaruthee | first2=V | year=1999 | title=Meditation in association with psychosis | journal =Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand | publisher =Chotmaihet Thangphaet | volume=82 | issue=9 | issn=0125-2208 | pmid=10561951 | pages=925β30 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/12739139}} <!-- E --> * {{Citation | last1 =Everly | first1 =George S. | last2 =Lating | first2 =Jeffrey M. | year =2002 | title =A clinical guide to the treatment of human stress response | publisher =Springer Science & Business Media | isbn =0-306-46620-1}}<!--{{Sfn|Everly|Lating|2002|p=}} --> * {{cite book |first=Mark |last=Epstein |title=Thought without a Thinker: Psychotherapy from a Buddhist Perspective |publisher=Basic Books |year=1995}} <!-- F --> * {{cite journal | last1= Farias | first1=M. | last2= Maraldi | first2=E. | last3= Wallenkampf | first3=K. C.| last4= Lucchetti | first4=G. | year=2020 | title= Adverse events in meditation practices and meditation-based therapies: a systematic review. | journal= Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica | volume=142 | issue=5| pages=374β393 | pmid=32820538 |doi= 10.1111/acps.13225 |url= https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/acps.13225}} * {{cite book |editor-last=Fischer-Schreiber |editor-first=Ingrid |editor-first2=Franz-Karl |editor-last2=Ehrhard |editor-first3=Michael S. |editor-last3=Diener |title=The Shambhala Dictionary of Buddhism and Zen |publisher=Shambhala Publications |year=1991}}<!--{{Sfn|Fischer-Schreiber|Ehrhard|Diener|1991|p=}} --> <!-- G --> * {{Citation | last1 =Gangadharan | first1 =Shobana | last2 =Hemamalini | first2 =M. | year =2021 | title =Community Health Nursing: Framework for Practice: Vol 2-E-Book | publisher =Elsevier Health Sciences}} * {{cite book |last1=Gethin |first1=Rupert |title=The foundations of Buddhism |year=1998 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=Oxford |isbn=0-19-289223-1}} * {{cite book |last1=Goldstein |first1=Joseph |title=One Dharma: the emerging Western Buddhism |year=2003 |publisher=Harper Collins |location=New York |isbn=0-06-251701-5}} * {{Cite book |last=Goleman |first=Daniel |author-link=Daniel Goleman |year=1988 |title=The meditative mind: The varieties of meditative experience |publisher=Tarcher |location=New York |isbn=978-0-87477-833-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/meditativemind00dani }}<!--{{Sfn |Goleman|1988 |p=}} --> * {{cite journal | last1=Goud | first1=S. S. | year=2022 | title=A Double-Edged Sword-A Case Report of Psychosis Associated with Excessive Unguided Meditation. | journal= Case Reports in Psychiatry | volume=2022 | issue=2661824| pmid=36316997 | pmc= 9617715 | doi=10.1155/2022/2661824 | doi-access=free }} <!-- J --> * {{cite journal |last1=Jevning |first1=R. |last2=Wallace |first2=R.K. |last3=Beidebach |first3=M. |title=The physiology of meditation: A review. A wakeful hypometabolic integrated response |journal=Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews |date=September 1992 |volume=16 |issue=3 |pages=415β424 |doi=10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80210-6 |pmid=1528528 |s2cid=2650109 }} <!-- K --> * {{Citation | last =Kamalashila | year =2003 | title =Meditation: The Buddhist art of tranquility and insight | publisher =Birmingham: Windhorse Publications}} * {{cite book |last=Kaplan |first=A. |year=1978 |title=Meditation and the Bible |place=Maine |publisher=Samuel Weiser}} * {{cite book |last=Kaplan |first=A. |year=1982 |title=Meditation and Kabbalah |place=Maine |publisher=Samuel Weiser}} * {{cite book |last1=Kapleau |first1=Phillip |title=The three pillars of Zen: teaching, practice, and enlightenment |year=1989 |publisher=Anchor Books |location=New York |isbn=0-385-26093-8 |edition=25th anniversary}} <!-- L --> * {{Citation | last1 =Lai |first1 =Whalen | last2 =Cheng | first2 =Yu-yin | year =2008 | chapter =Chinese Buddhist Philosophy from Han through Tang | editor-last1 =Mou | editor-first1=Bo | title =The Routledge History of Chinese Philosophy | publisher =Routledge}} * {{cite book |last =Larson |first=Gerald James |author-link=Gerald James Larson |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=p6pURGdBBmIC |title=The Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies: Yoga: India's philosophy of meditation |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |year=2008 |isbn=978-81-208-3349-4}} * {{cite journal | last1 =Lindahl | first1 =J.R. | last2 =Fisher | first2 =N.E. | last3 =Cooper | first3 =D.J. | year =2017 | title =The varieties of contemplative experience: A mixed-methods study of meditation-related challenges in Western Buddhists | journal =PLOS ONE | volume =12 | issue =5 | pages =e0176239 | doi =10.1371/journal.pone.0176239 | doi-access =free | pmid =28542181 | pmc =5443484 | bibcode =2017PLoSO..1276239L }} * {{Citation | last =Lusthaus |first =Dan | year =2018 | title =Samkhya | publisher =acmuller.net, Resources for East Asian Language and Thought, Musashino University}}<!--{{Sfn|Lusthaus|2018|p=}} --> <!-- M --> * {{Citation | last1 =Matko | first1= Karin | last2 =Sedlmeier | first2 =Peter | title =What Is Meditation? Proposing an Empirically Derived Classification System | journal =Front. Psychol. |date=15 October 2019 | volume= 10 |issue=Sec. Cognition | page= 2276 | doi =10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02276| pmid= 31681085 | pmc= 6803504 | doi-access= free }} * {{Citation | last =McRae | first =John | year =1986 | title =The Northern School and the Formation of Early ChΚ»an Buddhism | publisher =University of Hawaii Press}} <!-- N --> * {{Cite book |last1=Naranjo |first1=Claudio |title=On the psychology of meditation |last2=Ornstein |first2=Robert E. |publisher=The Viking Press |year=1972 |isbn=978-0-670-52506-5 |series=A Viking compass book |location=New York |lccn=76149720 |orig-date=1971}} <!-- O --> * {{cite journal |last1=Ospina |first1=MB |last2=Bond |first2=K |last3=Karkhaneh |first3=M |last4=Tjosvold |first4=L |last5=Vandermeer |first5=B |last6=Liang |first6=Y |last7=Bialy |first7=L |last8=Hooton |first8=N |last9=Buscemi |first9=N |last10=Dryden |first10=DM |last11=Klassen |first11=TP |title=Meditation practices for health: state of the research |journal=Evidence Report/Technology Assessment |date=June 2007 |issue=155 |pages=1β263 |pmid=17764203 |pmc=4780968 }}<!--{{Sfn|Ospina|Bond|Karkhaneh|Tjosvold|2007|p=}} --> <!-- P --> * {{cite journal | last1=Perez-De-Albeniz | first1=Alberto | last2=Holmes | first2=Jeremy | year=2000 | title=Meditation: Concepts, Effects And Uses In Therapy | journal=International Journal of Psychotherapy | volume=5 | issue=1| pages=49β58 | doi=10.1080/13569080050020263}}<!--{{Sfn|Perez-De-Albeniz|Holmes|2000|p=}} --> * {{Citation | last =Polak | first = Grzegorz | year =2011 | title =Reexamining Jhana: Towards a Critical Reconstruction of Early Buddhist Soteriology | publisher =UMCS}} <!-- S --> * {{cite journal | last1 =Salguero | first1 =C. Pierce | year =2023 | title ="Meditation Sickness" in Medieval Chinese Buddhism and the Contemporary West |journal=Journal of Buddhist Ethics |access-date=14 February 2024 |volume=30 |issue=2 |pages=169β211 |issn=1076-9005 |url=https://blogs.dickinson.edu/buddhistethics/files/2023/08/Salguero-Finalized-ms-for-publication47.pdf |archive-date=2024-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240603231854/https://blogs.dickinson.edu/buddhistethics/files/2023/08/Salguero-Finalized-ms-for-publication47.pdf |url-status=live }} * {{Citation | last =Schaik | first =Sam van | year =2018 | title =The spirit of Zen | publisher =Yale University Press}} * {{Cite journal | last1 =Schlosser | first1 =Marco | last2 =Sparby |first2=Terje |last3=VΓΆrΓΆs |first3=Sebastjan |last4=Jones |first4=Rebecca |last5=Marchant |first5=Natalie L. | date =2019 | title=Unpleasant meditation-related experiences in regular meditators: Prevalence, predictors, and conceptual considerations |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=e0216643 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0216643 |pmid=31071152 |pmc=6508707 |bibcode=2019PLoSO..1416643S |doi-access=free }} * {{cite journal |last1=Shapiro |first1=D. H. |year=1982|title=Overview: Clinical and physiological comparison of meditation with other self-control strategies |journal=American Journal of Psychiatry |volume=139 |issue=3 |pages=267β74|doi=10.1176/ajp.139.3.267 |pmid=7036760 }} Reprinted as chapter 1 (pp. 5β10) in {{cite book |last1=Shapiro |first1=Deane H. |first2=Roger N. |last2=Walsh |author-link2=Roger Walsh |year=1984 |title=Meditation, classic and contemporary perspectives |publisher=Aldine |location=New York |isbn=978-0-202-25136-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w9sv49ZHqWUC |access-date=2016-10-14 |archive-date=2023-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230317095244/https://books.google.com/books?id=w9sv49ZHqWUC |url-status=live |ref=none}} (the book was republished in 2008: {{ISBN|978-0-202-36244-1|0-202-36244-2}}) * {{Citation |last=Sharf |first=Robert |year=2014 |title=Mindfulness and Mindlessness in Early Chan |journal=Philosophy East & West |volume=64 |issue=4 |pages=933β964 |doi=10.1353/pew.2014.0074 |s2cid=144208166 }} * {{Citation | last =Sharf | first =Robert H. | year =2015 | title =Is mindfulness Buddhist? (and why it matters) | journal =Transcultural Psychiatry | volume =52 | issue =4 | pages =470β484 | doi =10.1177/1363461514557561 | pmid =25361692 | s2cid =18518975 | url =https://www.academia.edu/26441098 | access-date =2022-09-07 | archive-date =2023-03-17 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20230317095150/https://www.academia.edu/26441098 | url-status =live }} * {{Citation | last =Suzuki | first =D.T. | year =2014 | title =Selected Works of D.T. Suzuki, Volume I: Zen | publisher =University of California Press}} <!-- T --> * {{Cite journal | last1 =Taylor | first1 =Eugene | year =1999 |title=Introduction |editor1-first=Michael |editor1-last=Murphy |editor2-first=Steven |editor2-last=Donovan |editor3-first=Eugene |editor3-last=Taylor |journal=The Physical and Psychological Effects of Meditation: A Review of Contemporary Research with a Comprehensive Bibliography 1931β1996 |pages=1β32 |url=http://library.noetic.org/library/publication-bibliographies/physical-and-psychological-effects-meditation |access-date=2016-10-13 |archive-date=2016-10-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161013224102/http://library.noetic.org/library/publication-bibliographies/physical-and-psychological-effects-meditation |url-status=live }} * {{Cite book|last=Thera|first=Nyanaponika|author-link=Nyanaponika Thera|year=1996|title=The Heart of Buddhist Meditation: A Handbook of Mental Training based on the Buddha's Way of Mindfulness|location=York Beach, ME|publisher= Samuel Weiser|isbn=0-87728-073-8}} <!-- V --> * {{Citation | last =Vetter | first =Tilmann | year =1988 | title =The Ideas and Meditative Practices of Early Buddhism | publisher =BRILL}} * {{cite journal | last1 =VΓΆrΓΆs | first1 =Sebastjan | year =2016 | title =Sitting with the Demons β Mindfulness, Suffering, and Existential Transformation | journal =Asian Studies |doi=10.4312/as.2016.4.2.59-83 |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=59β83 |doi-access=free}} <!-- W --> * {{cite journal |last1=Walsh |first1=Roger |last2=Shapiro |first2=Shauna L. |title=The meeting of meditative disciplines and western psychology: A mutually enriching dialogue |journal=American Psychologist |date=2006 |volume=61 |issue=3 |pages=227β239 |doi=10.1037/0003-066X.61.3.227 |pmid=16594839 |s2cid=3015768 |url=http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/7885t0n6 }}<!--{{Sfn|Walsh|Shapiro|2006|p=}} --> <!-- Y --> * {{cite journal | last1= Yadav | first1=J. | last2= Bhardwaj | first2=A. | last3= Jangid | first3=P.| last4= Singh | first4=P. | last5= Gupta | first5=R. | title= Meditation-A Slippery Slope for Psychosis: A Case Series With Review of Evidence | journal= The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease | volume=211 | issue=8 | year=2023 | pages=634β638 | pmid=37505896 |doi= 10.1097/NMD.0000000000001656 |url=https://journals.lww.com/jonmd/abstract/2023/08000/meditation_a_slippery_slope_for_psychosis__a_case.12.aspx}} * {{Citation | last =Yu | first =Jimmy | year =2021 | title =Reimagining Chan Buddhism: Sheng Yen and the Creation of the Dharma Drum Lineage of Chan | publisher =Routledge}} {{refend}} '''Web sources''' {{reflist|group=web|refs= <!-- F --> <!-- "Farias_2015_Independent" --> <ref group=web name="Farias_2015_Independent">{{cite news | author =Miguel Farias | title =Meditation is touted as a cure for mental instability but can it actually be bad for you? | date =2015 | url =https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/features/meditation-is-touted-as-a-cure-for-mental-instability-but-can-it-actually-be-bad-for-you-10268291.html?amp |website =www.independent.co.uk | access-date =2018-05-08 | archive-date =2018-05-08 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20180508185621/https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/features/meditation-is-touted-as-a-cure-for-mental-instability-but-can-it-actually-be-bad-for-you-10268291.html?amp |url-status=live }}</ref> <!-- I --> <!-- --> <ref group=web name="Ivtzan_2016_PT">{{cite web | author =Itai Ivtzan | date =2016 | title =Dangers of Meditation | website =Psychology Today | url =https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/mindfulness-wellbeing/201603/dangers-meditation | access-date =2018-05-07 |archive-date =2023-03-17 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20230317095215/https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/mindfulness-wellbeing/201603/dangers-meditation |url-status =live }}</ref> <!-- "MW" --> <ref group=web name="MW">{{cite web |url=https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/meditate |title=Definition of meditate |publisher=Merriam-Webster Dictionary |date=18 December 2017 |access-date=25 December 2017 |archive-date=24 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224220520/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/meditate |url-status=live }}</ref> <!-- N --> <-- "nhs.Bazian" --> <ref group=web name="nhs.Bazian">{{cite web | author =unknown | date =2017-05-26 | title=Does meditation carry a risk of harmful side effects?| website =nhs.uk | access-date =2018-05-07 | url =https://www.nhs.uk/news/lifestyle-and-exercise/does-meditation-carry-a-risk-of-harmful-side-effects/ | archive-date =2021-01-03 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20210103073652/https://www.nhs.uk/news/lifestyle-and-exercise/does-meditation-carry-a-risk-of-harmful-side-effects/ }}</ref> <!-- "Oxford" --> <ref group=web name="Oxford">{{cite web |url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/meditate|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160926015939/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/meditate|archive-date=26 September 2016|title=meditate |website=Oxford Dictionaries β English}}</ref> }}
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