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====Planets and orbits==== {{Main|Copernican Revolution}} The heliocentric model revived by [[Nicolaus Copernicus]] was followed by the model of planetary motion given by [[Johannes Kepler]] in the early 17th century, which proposed that the planets follow [[ellipse|elliptical]] orbits, with the Sun at one focus of the ellipse. In ''[[Astronomia Nova]]'' (''A New Astronomy''), the first two of the [[Kepler's laws of planetary motion|laws of planetary motion]] were shown by the analysis of the orbit of Mars. Kepler introduced the revolutionary concept of planetary orbit. Because of his work astronomical phenomena came to be seen as being governed by physical laws.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Goldstein|first1=Bernard|last2=Hon|first2=Giora|date=2005|title=Kepler's Move from Orbs to Orbits: Documenting a Revolutionary Scientific Concept|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/246602496|journal=Perspectives on Science|volume=13|pages=74β111|doi=10.1162/1063614053714126 |s2cid=57559843 }}</ref>
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