Editing Foreign relations of China (section)

=====India=====
{{main|Foreign relations of India#China|China–India relations}}

{{Flagicon|India}}{{Flagicon|China}}

[[File:Jawaharlal Nehru Trust Port.jpg|thumb|A Chinese container ship unloads cargo at the [[Jawaharlal Nehru Port]] in India. Bilateral trade between the two countries surpassed US$60 billion by 2010 making China the single largest trading partner of India.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?tp=on&autono=39431|title=Indo-China trade to surpass $60 bn before 2010|work=Business Standard|date=6 June 2008|access-date=21 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006140815/http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?tp=on&autono=39431|archive-date=6 October 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>]]
Despite lingering suspicions remaining from the 1962 [[Sino-Indian War]], 1967 [[Nathu La and Cho La clashes]] and continuing boundary disputes over [[Ladakh]],<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-india-kashmir-idUSKBN1XA0M9|title=India, China clash over Kashmir as it loses special status and is divided|date=31 October 2019|work=Reuters|last1=Bukhari|first1=Zeba Siddiqui}}</ref> Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh, Sino-Indian relations have improved gradually since 1988. Both countries have sought to reduce tensions along the frontier, expand trade and cultural ties, and normalize relations.<ref>John W.  Garver,  ''Protracted Contest: Sino-Indian Rivalry in the Twentieth Century'' (2001), post 1950</ref>

A series of high-level visits between the two nations have helped improve relations. In December 1996, General Secretary [[Jiang Zemin]] visited India during a tour of South Asia. While in New Delhi, he signed with the Indian Prime Minister a series of confidence-building measures for the disputed borders. Sino-Indian relations suffered a brief setback in May 1998 when the Indian Defence minister justified the country's nuclear tests by citing potential threats from China. However, in June 1999, during the [[Kargil War|Kargil]] crisis, then-External Affairs Minister [[Jaswant Singh]] visited Beijing and stated that India did not consider China a threat. By 2001, relations between China and India were on the mend, and the two sides handled the move from [[Tibet]] to India of the 17th [[Karmapa]] in January 2000 with delicacy and tact.{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}

Since 2004, the economic rise of both China and India has also helped forge closer relations between the two. Sino-Indian trade reached US$36 billion in 2007, making China the single largest trading partner of India.<ref>{{cite news|author=Saibal Dasgupta|date=17 January 2008|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/msid-2706372,prtpage-1.cms|title=China is India's largest trade ally – International Business – Biz|work=The Times of India|access-date=21 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024093515/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/msid-2706372,prtpage-1.cms|archive-date=24 October 2012|url-status=live}}</ref> The increasing economic reliance between China and India has also brought the two nations closer politically, with both China and India eager to resolve their boundary dispute.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/pti_news.asp?id=291668|title=news.outlookindia.com|publisher=Outlookindia.com|access-date=21 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050425231736/http://outlookindia.com/pti_news.asp?id=291668|archive-date=25 April 2005}}</ref> They have also collaborated on several issues ranging from [[World Trade Organization|WTO]]'s [[Doha Development Round|Doha round]] in 2008<ref>{{cite news|date=29 July 2008|title=US blames India, China for blocking Doha talks|work=[[Business Standard]]|url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=329920|url-status=live|access-date=21 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120331142407/http://www.business-standard.com/india/storypage.php?autono=329920|archive-date=31 March 2012}}</ref> to regional free trade agreement.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/msid-2798864,prtpage-1.cms|title=India, China to work on FTA recommendations- Foreign Trade-Economy-News|work=The Economic Times|date=20 February 2008|access-date=21 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140522033948/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/msid-2798864,prtpage-1.cms|archive-date=22 May 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> Similar to [[India–United States Civil Nuclear Agreement|Indo-US nuclear deal]], China and India have also agreed to cooperate in the field of civilian [[Nuclear power|nuclear energy]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/15/stories/2008011555490100.htm|title=Front Page: India, China to promote cooperation in civil nuclear energy|date=15 January 2008|access-date=21 November 2009|location=Chennai, India|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105061635/http://www.hindu.com/2008/01/15/stories/2008011555490100.htm|archive-date=5 November 2012|work=[[The Hindu]]}}</ref> However, China's economic interests have clashed with those of India. Both the countries are the largest investors in Africa<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-30143539_ITM|title=Article: India, China top Asian FDI list in Africa. &#124; AccessMyLibrary – Promoting library advocacy|publisher=AccessMyLibrary|date=28 March 2007|access-date=21 November 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081216135056/http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-30143539_ITM|archive-date=16 December 2008|url-status=live}}</ref> and have competed for control over its large natural resources.<ref>[http://allafrica.com/stories/200711160462.html Africa: China's Africa Overture Needs Common Touch] [[AllAfrica]] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010204148/http://allafrica.com/stories/200711160462.html|date=10 October 2012}}, 16 November 2007</ref>
China and India agreed to take bilateral trade up to US$100 billion on a recent visit by Wen Jiabao to India.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Shukla|first=Saurabh|date=15 December 2010|title=Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao arrives in India, trade tops agenda|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/chinese-pm-s-india-visit/business/story/chinese-premier-wen-jiabao-arrives-in-india-trade-tops-agenda-87155-2010-12-15|access-date=3 May 2021|website=India Today}}</ref>

Bilateral relations between the two became strained due to the [[2017 China–India border standoff|2017 Doklam standoff]] and then later by the [[2020–2021 China–India skirmishes]]. Relations were further strained by the [[COVID-19 pandemic]].