Editing Neo-Nazism (section)

==== Canada ====
{{Main|Neo-Nazism in Canada}}
Neo-Nazism in Canada began with the formation of the [[Canadian Nazi Party]] in 1965. In the 1970s and 1980s, neo-Nazism continued to spread in the country as organizations including the [[Western Guard Party]] and [[Creativity (religion)|Church of the Creator]] (later renamed ''Creativity'') promoted white supremacist ideals.<ref name= source2>{{cite web|url=https://www.nizkor.org/|title=Holocaust Educational Resource|publisher=nizkor.org|access-date=6 July 2021|archive-date=29 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210629220918/https://www.nizkor.org/|url-status=live}}</ref> Founded in the United States in 1973, Creativity calls for [[white people]] to wage [[Ben Klassen#Racial holy war|racial holy war]] (Rahowa) against Jews and other perceived enemies.<ref name= source14>{{cite journal | last1 = Berlet | first1 = Chip | last2 = Vysotsky | first2 = Stanislav | year = 2006 | title = Overview of U.S. White Supremacist Groups | journal = Journal of Political and Military Sociology | volume = 34 | issue = 1| pages = 11–48}}</ref>

[[Don Andrews]] founded the [[Nationalist Party of Canada]] in 1977. The purported goals of the unregistered party are "the promotion and maintenance of European Heritage and Culture in Canada," but the party is known for anti-Semitism and racism. Many influential neo-Nazi Leaders, such as [[Wolfgang Droege]], were affiliated with the party, but many of its members left to join the [[Heritage Front]], which was founded in 1989.<ref name= source3/>

Droege founded the Heritage Front in [[Toronto]] at a time when leaders of the white supremacist movement were "disgruntled about the state of the radical right" and wanted to unite unorganized groups of white supremacists into an influential and efficient group with common objectives.<ref name= source3/> Plans for the organization began in September 1989, and the formation of the Heritage Front was formally announced a couple of months later in November. In the 1990s, [[George Burdi]] of [[Resistance Records]] and the band [[Rahowa (band)|Rahowa]] popularized the Creativity movement and the [[white power music]] scene.<ref>{{cite book | last1=Hilliard | first1=R.L. | last2=Keith | first2=M.C. | title=Waves of Rancor: Tuning into the Radical Right | publisher=Taylor & Francis | date=2016 | isbn=978-1-315-50316-5 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9oOTDAAAQBAJ | pages=220–221 | access-date=21 April 2022 | archive-date=21 April 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220421044357/https://books.google.com/books?id=9oOTDAAAQBAJ | url-status=live }}</ref>

On September 18, 2020, Toronto Police arrested 34-year-old Guilherme "William" Von Neutegem and charged him with the murder of Mohamed-Aslim Zafis. Zafis was the caretaker of a local mosque who was found dead with his throat cut. The Toronto Police Service said the killing is possibly connected to the stabbing murder of Rampreet Singh a few days prior a short distance from the spot where Zafis' murder took place. Von Neutegem is a member of the [[Order of Nine Angles]] and social media accounts established as belonging to him promote the group and included recordings of Von Neutegem performing satanic chants. In his home there was also an altar with the symbol of the O9A adorning a monolith.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.antihate.ca/suspect_stabbing_toronto_mosque_follow_hitler_worshiping_satanist_movement | title=Suspect In Fatal Stabbing Outside Toronto Mosque Appears To Follow Hitler-Worshipping Satanist Movement | work=Canadian Anti-Hate Network | date=September 18, 2020}}</ref> According to Evan Balgord of the Canadian Anti-Hate Network, they are aware of more O9A members in Canada and their affiliated organization Northern Order.<ref>{{cite news | date=October 5, 2020 | quote=Today, [O9A] adherents are infiltrating and influencing a new generation of neo-Nazi terrorist groups like Atomwaffen Division Canada [Northern Order] | url=https://www.thestar.com/opinion/contributors/2020/09/29/police-should-seek-expert-help-with-hate-crime-inspired-murder.html | title=Police should seek expert help with hate-crime inspired murder at Toronto mosque | newspaper=[[Toronto Star]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/random-murder-of-muslim-man-linked-to-neo-nazi-death-cult-report/ | title='Random' Murder of Muslim Man Linked to 'Neo-Nazi Death Cult': Report | date=September 30, 2020}}</ref> [[Northern Order]] is a proscribed<ref>{{cite web|date=3 February 2021|title=Government of Canada lists 13 new groups as terrorist entities and completes review of seven others|url=https://www.canada.ca/en/public-safety-canada/news/2021/02/government-of-canada-lists-13-new-groups-as-terrorist-entities-and-completes-review-of-seven-others.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203182322/https://www.canada.ca/en/public-safety-canada/news/2021/02/government-of-canada-lists-13-new-groups-as-terrorist-entities-and-completes-review-of-seven-others.html|archive-date=3 February 2021|access-date=3 February 2021|website=Government of Canada}}</ref> neo-Nazi terrorist organization in Canada. NO members have been arrested for trafficking explosives and firearms, and NO has active members of the Canadian Armed Forces as its members and even a member of the [[CJIRU]] was identified as a member.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.thestar.com/politics/federal/2020/10/22/canadian-forces-investigates-after-mystery-man-in-secret-recording-claims-to-be-a-soldier-and-a-neo-nazi.html | title=Canadian Forces investigates after mystery man in secret recording claims to be a soldier – and a neo-Nazi | date=October 22, 2020 | work=[[The Toronto Star]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.hilltimes.com/2020/11/09/integrated-national-security-efforts-that-include-more-stringent-security-screening-should-weed-out-violent-white-supremacists-in-the-canadian-military/270485 | title=Integrated national security efforts that include more stringent security screening should weed out violent white supremacists in Canadian military | date=November 9, 2020 | work=[[Hill Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.portalnovosti.com/fasisticka-braca | title=Fašistička braća (Fascist Brothers) | work=[[Novosti (Croatia)|Novosti]] | date=November 15, 2019 | access-date=November 15, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191115161900/https://www.portalnovosti.com/fasisticka-braca | archive-date=November 15, 2019 | url-status=live }}</ref>

Controversy and dissention has left many Canadian neo-Nazi organizations dissolved or weakened.<ref name= source3>{{cite journal | last1 = Burstow | first1 = Bonnie | year = 2003 | title = Surviving and thriving by becoming more 'groupuscular': the case of the Heritage Front | journal = Patterns of Prejudice | volume = 37 | issue = 4| pages = 415–28 | doi=10.1080/0031322032000144492| s2cid = 143856285 }}</ref>