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== Bibliography == {{Refbegin|30em}} * {{cite book |title=One Faith, One Lord: A Study of Basic Catholic Belief |last=Barry |first=Rev. Msgr. John F. |year=2002 |publisher=William H. Sadlier |location=New York |isbn=978-0-8215-2207-3}} * {{cite book |title=A Concise History of the Catholic Church |last=Bokenkotter |first=Thomas |year=2004 |publisher=Doubleday |location=New York |isbn=978-0-385-50584-0 |url=https://archive.org/details/concisehistoryof00boke}} * {{cite encyclopedia |last=Chadwick |first=Henry |author-link=Henry Chadwick (theologian) |editor=John McManners |encyclopedia=The Oxford Illustrated History of Christianity |title=The Early Christian Community |year=1990 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-822928-5}} * {{cite book |title=Saints and Sinners, a History of the Popes |last=Duffy |first=Eamon |author-link=Eamon Duffy |year=1997 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-07332-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/saintssinnershis00duff}} * {{cite book |last=Durant |first=William James |author-link=Will Durant |title=The Story of Civilization |volume=IV. The Age of Faith: A History of Medieval Civilization – Christian, Islamic, and Judaic – from Constantine to Dante, A.D. 325–1300 |orig-year=1950 |date=1980 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |location=New York |isbn=978-0-671-01200-7 |title-link=The Age of Faith |ref={{sfnref|Durant|1950}}}} * {{cite book |last=Durant |first=William James |author-link=Will Durant |title=The Story of Civilization |volume=VI. The Reformation |orig-year=1957 |date=1980 |publisher=Simon & Schuster |location=New York |isbn=978-0-671-61050-0 |title-link=The Reformation (Story of Civilization) |ref={{sfnref|Durant|1957}}}} * {{cite book |last1=Franzen |first1=August |last2=Dolan |first2=John |title=A History of the Church |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofchurch0000fran |url-access=registration |publisher=Herder and Herder |year=1969}} * {{cite book |last=Granfield |first=Patrick |title=The Limits of the Papacy: Authority and Autonomy in the Church |year=1987 |publisher=Crossroad |location=New York |isbn=978-0-8245-0839-5 |url=https://archive.org/details/limitsofpapacy00gran}} * {{cite book |last=Grisar |first=Hartmann |title=History of Rome and the Popes in the Middle Ages |year=1912 |publisher=Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner |location=London |oclc=11025456}} * {{cite web |url=https://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/apost_constitutions/documents/hf_jp-ii_apc_22021996_universi-dominici-gregis_en.html |title=Universi Dominici Gregis |last=John Paul II |first=Pope |author-link=Pope John Paul II |date=22 February 1996 |publisher=[[Vatican Publishing House]] |access-date=15 March 2020 |archive-date=8 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120408114224/http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/john_paul_ii/apost_constitutions/documents/hf_jp-ii_apc_22021996_universi-dominici-gregis_en.html |url-status=live}} * {{cite book |last=Kelly |first=J. N. |title=Oxford Dictionary of the Popes |year=1986 |publisher=Prentice Hall |isbn=978-0-19-190935-1}} * {{cite book |last=Kerr |first=William Shaw |author-link=William Kerr (bishop) |title=A Handbook on the Papacy |year=1950 |publisher=Marshall, Morgan & Scott |location=London |oclc=51018118}} * {{cite book |title=The Catholic Church: A Short History |last=Küng |first=Hans |author-link=Hans Küng |year=2003 |publisher=Random House |isbn=978-0-8129-6762-3 |url=https://archive.org/details/catholicchurch00sama}} * {{cite book |author=Loomis, Louise Ropes |title=The Book of the Popes (Liber Pontificalis): To the Pontificate of Gregory I |publisher=Evolution Publishing |location=Merchantville, New Jersey |orig-year=1916 |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-889758-86-2}} * {{cite book |last1=Noble |first1=Thomas |author2=Strauss, Barry |title=Western Civilization |year=2005 |publisher=Houghton Mifflin |isbn=978-0-618-43277-6}} * {{cite book |title=A Short History of the Catholic Church |last=Orlandis |first=José |author-link=José Orlandis |year=1993 |publisher=Scepter |isbn=978-1-85182-125-9}} * {{cite book |last=Pastor |first=Ludwig von |title=The History of the Popes, from the Close of the Middle Ages: Drawn from the Secret Archives of the Vatican and Other Original Sources |url=https://archive.org/details/historypopesfro01antrgoog |year=1891–1930 |publisher=J. Hodges |location=London |oclc=270566224 |author-link=Ludwig von Pastor}} * {{cite book |last=Walsh |first=James Joseph |author-link=James Joseph Walsh |title=The Popes and Science: The History of the Papal Relations to Science During the Middle Ages and Down to Our Own Time |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FltHAAAAYAAJ |year=1908 |publisher=Fordham University Press |location=New York |oclc=08015255 |access-date=15 August 2015 |archive-date=25 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125022025/https://books.google.com/books?id=FltHAAAAYAAJ |url-status=live}} {{Refend}}
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