Editing Paris Commune (section)

=== In fiction ===

==== Poetry ====
* Among the first to write about the Commune was [[Victor Hugo]], whose poem "Sur une barricade", written on 11 June 1871 and published in 1872 in a collection of poems under the name {{lang|fr|[[L'Année terrible]]}}, honours the bravery of a twelve-year-old Communard being led to the execution squad.
* [[William Morris]]' sequence of poems, "The Pilgrims of Hope" (1885), features a climax set in the Commune.<ref>"In his later years, the story of the Commune so gripped Morris's imagination that it provided the climax for his long poem, "The Pilgrims of Hope"... [[E. P. Thompson]], ''William Morris : Romantic to Revolutionary''. London : PM Press, 2013. {{ISBN|9781604868418}} (p.196).</ref>

==== Novels ====
* ''{{lang|fr|[[Contes du lundi]]}}'' is a collection of novels written by [[Alphonse Daudet]], published in 1873, set during the Franco-Prussian war and the Paris Commune.
* [[Jules Vallès]], editor of ''{{lang|fr|[[Le Cri du Peuple]]}}'', wrote a trilogy ''{{lang|fr|Jacques Vingtras: L'Enfant, Le Bachelier, L'insurgé}}'', between 1878 and 1880, the complete novels being published only in 1886, after his death.
* [[Émile Zola]]'s 1892 novel ''{{lang|fr|[[La Débâcle]]}}'' is set against the background of the Franco-Prussian War, the Battle of Sedan and the Paris Commune.
* British writer [[Arnold Bennett]]'s 1908 novel ''[[The Old Wives' Tale]]'', is in part set in Paris during the Commune.
* [[Guy Endore]]'s 1933 horror novel ''[[The Werewolf of Paris]]'' is set during the Paris Commune and contrasts the savagery of the werewolf with the savagery of {{lang|fr|La [[Semaine Sanglante]]}}.
* French writer [[Jean Vautrin]]'s 1998 novel ''{{lang|fr|Le Cri du Peuple}}'' deals with the rise and fall of the Commune. The [[Prix Goncourt]]-winning novel is an account of the tumultuous events of 1871, told in [[Free indirect speech|free indirect style]] from the points of view of a police officer and a Communard whose lives are intertwined by the murder of a child and love for an Italian woman called Miss Pecci. The novel begins with the discovery of the corpse of a woman dumped in the Seine and the subsequent investigation in which the two main protagonists, Grondin and Tarpagnan, are involved. The title is drawn from the eponymous Communard newspaper, ''{{lang|fr|Le Cri du Peuple}}'', edited by [[Jules Vallès]]. The book itself is supposedly his account. Painter Gustave Courbet also makes an appearance.
* In ''[[The Prague Cemetery]]'', Italian author [[Umberto Eco]] sets chapter 17 against the background of the Paris Commune.
* ''The Queen of the Night'' by [[Alexander Chee]] (2016) depicts the survival of fictional opera singer Lilliet Berne during the siege of Paris. The novel's heroine also interacts with several notable figures of the day, including George Sand and the Empress Eugénie de Montijo.
* Several popular British and American novelists of the late 19th century depicted the Commune as a tyranny against which Anglo-Americans and their aristocratic French allies heroically pitted themselves.<ref name="ab">Albert Boime, ''Olin Levi Warner's Defense of the Paris Commune'', Archives of American Art Journal, Vol. 29, No. 3/4 (1989), (pp. 4, 13)</ref> Among the most well-known of these anti-Commune novels are ''Woman of the Commune'' (1895, AKA ''A Girl of the Commune'') by [[G. A. Henty]] and in the same year, ''The Red Republic: A Romance of the Commune'' by [[Robert W. Chambers]].<ref name="ab" />
* In ''[[Marx Returns]]'' by the British writer and filmmaker [[Jason Barker]], the Commune provides the historical context to Karl Marx's revolutionary struggles, and is depicted "as a symbol of an unfinished political project."<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 September 2018 |title=Marx as Flawed, Manic, and One of Us: a Review of Marx Returns |url=http://politicsslashletters.org/marx-as-flawed-manic-and-one-of-us-a-review-of-marx-returns/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181205103243/http://politicsslashletters.org/marx-as-flawed-manic-and-one-of-us-a-review-of-marx-returns/ |archive-date=5 December 2018 |access-date=4 December 2018}}</ref>

==== Theatre ====
* At least three plays have been set in the Commune: ''{{lang|no|Nederlaget}}'' by [[Nordahl Grieg]], ''{{lang|de|[[The Days of the Commune|Die Tage der Commune]]}}'' by [[Bertolt Brecht]], and ''{{lang|fr|Le Printemps 71}}'' by [[Arthur Adamov]].
* Berlin performance group Showcase Beat le Mot created ''{{lang|fr|Paris 1871 Bonjour Commune}}'' (first performed at Hebbel am Ufer in 2010), the final part of a tetralogy dealing with failed revolutions.
* New York theatre group [[The Civilians]] performed ''[[The Civilians#Paris Commune (2004, 2008)|Paris Commune]]'' in 2004 and 2008.

==== Film ====
* Of the numerous films set in the Commune, particularly notable is ''{{lang|fr|[[La Commune (Paris, 1871)|La Commune]]}}'', which runs for 5¾ hours and was directed by [[Peter Watkins]]. It was made in [[Montreuil, Seine-Saint-Denis|Montreuil]] in 2000, and as with most of Watkins' films uses ordinary people instead of actors to create a documentary effect. Some participants were the children of cast members from Watkin's masterpiece ''[[Edvard Munch (film)|Edvard Munch]]'' (1974). ''La Commune'' was shot on film by Odd-Geir Saether, the Norwegian cameraman from the Munch film.
* Soviet filmmakers [[Grigori Kozintsev]] and [[Leonid Trauberg]] wrote and directed, in 1929, the silent film ''[[The New Babylon]]'' ({{lang|ru|Novyy Vavilon}}) about the Paris Commune. It features [[Dmitri Shostakovich]]'s first film score.
* British filmmaker [[Ken McMullen (film director)|Ken McMullen]] has made two films directly or indirectly influenced by the Commune: ''[[Ghost Dance (film)|Ghost Dance]]'' (1983) and ''[[1871 (film)|1871]]'' (1990). ''Ghost Dance'' includes an appearance by French philosopher [[Jacques Derrida]].
* Moinak Biswas, Indian filmmaker and professor of [[film studies]] at [[Jadavpur University]] in [[Kolkata]], showed a split-screen entry connecting the work of 1970s Left filmmaker [[Ritwik Ghatak]] with contemporary shots of the Paris Commune at the 11th [[Shanghai Biennale]] (2016).<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211205/DwxZGL4_nto Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20200830011128/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DwxZGL4_nto&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{Cite web |title='জ্বলন্ত শব্দের পথ' (Across the Burning Track) |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DwxZGL4_nto |website=[[YouTube]]| date=5 July 2019 }}{{cbignore}}</ref>

==== Other ====
[[File:The_Soviet_Union_1971_CPA_3991_stamp_(Fighting_at_the_Barricades)_cancelled.jpg|thumb|Soviet stamp of 1971 marking the Commune's centenary.]]
* Italian composer [[Luigi Nono (composer)|Luigi Nono]] wrote the opera ''{{lang|it|[[Al gran sole carico d'amore]]}}'' (''In the Bright Sunshine, Heavy with Love''), which is based on the Paris Commune.
* Comics artist [[Jacques Tardi]] adapted Vautrin's novel (listed above) into a [[graphic novel]], also called ''{{lang|fr|Le Cri du Peuple}}''.
* In the long-running British TV series ''[[The Onedin Line]]'' (episode 27, screened 10 December 1972), shipowner James Onedin is lured into the Commune in pursuit of a commercial debt and finds himself under heavy fire.