Editing National Security Agency (section)

=== Academic research ===
The NSA has invested many millions of dollars in academic research under grant code prefix ''MDA904'', resulting in over 3,000 papers {{as of|2007|10|11|lc=y|df=US|post=.}} The NSA publishes its documents through various publications.

* ''Cryptolog'' is published monthly by PI, Techniques, and Standards, for the Personnel of Operations. Declassified issues are available online.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/declass/cryptologs.shtml |title=NSA Communicators - NSA/CSS |website=www.nsa.gov |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120514003049/http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/declass/cryptologs.shtml |archive-date=2012-05-14}}</ref>
* The ''Cryptologic Almanac'' is a cryptology [[academic journal]] published internally by the NSA.<ref name="wired_2008"/> It publishes short vignettes about NSA or NSA-related topics. A selection of articles published are available to the public online.<ref name="Cryptologic Spectrum Articles"/>
* ''Cryptologic Quarterly'' was the combined result of the merger of ''NSA Technical Journal'' and ''Cryptologic Spectrum'' in 1981. It expanded its coverage to cover a larger segment of NSA readership.
* ''Cryptologic Spectrum'' was a [[cryptology]] journal published internally by the NSA.<ref name="wired_2008">{{cite magazine|title=Declassified NSA Document Reveals the Secret History of TEMPEST|last=Singel|first=Ryan|magazine=Wired|publisher=[[CondéNet, Inc.]]|url=http://blog.wired.com/27bstroke6/2008/04/nsa-releases-se.html|date=2008-04-29|accessdate=2008-05-01|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20120707123850/http://blog.wired.com/27bstroke6/2008/04/nsa-releases-se.html|archivedate=2012-07-07}}</ref> It was established in 1969, until consolidation with the ''NSA Technical Journal'' in 1981. A selection of articles published between 1969 and 1981 are available to the public online.<ref name="Cryptologic Spectrum Articles">{{cite web|url=http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/declass/cryptologic_spectrum.shtml|title=Cryptologic Spectrum Articles|work=Declassification Initiatives|publisher=National Security Agency|accessdate=2010-03-27|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160318090231/http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/declass/cryptologic_spectrum.shtml|archivedate=2016-03-18}}</ref> The journal had been [[classified information in the United States|classified]] until its tables of contents were published online in September 2006 following a [[Freedom of Information Act (United States)|Freedom of Information Act]] request in 2003.<ref name="wired_2006">{{cite magazine|url=https://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2006/09/71849|title=Peek at NSA's Secret Reading List|last=Singel|first=Ryan|magazine=Wired|publisher=[[CondéNet, Inc.]]|date=2006-09-27|accessdate=2008-05-01|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070220232300/http://www.wired.com/news/technology/security/0,71849-0.html|archivedate=2007-02-20}}</ref>
* The ''NSA Technical Journal'' was established in 1954 by [[Ralph J. Canine]] to "foster the exchange of ideas and create an 'intellectual community' within the Agency".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nsa.gov/portals/75/documents/news-features/declassified-documents/crypto-almanac-50th/A_Peek_Behind_the_Scenes_Part_2.pdf|title=A Peek Behind the Scenes Part 2|website=National Security Agency|access-date=November 24, 2024}}</ref> In 1981, the publication was consolidated with ''Cryptologic Spectrum'' into a single publication, called ''Cryptologic Quarterly''.

Despite this, the NSA/CSS has, at times, attempted to restrict the publication of academic research into cryptography; for example, the [[Khufu and Khafre]] block ciphers were voluntarily withheld in response to an NSA request to do so. In response to a [[Freedom of information in the United States|FOIA]] lawsuit, in 2013 the NSA released the 643-page research paper titled, "Untangling the Web: A Guide to Internet Research",<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nsa.gov/public_info/_files/Untangling_the_Web.pdf |title=Untangling the Web: A Guide to Internet Research |author1=Robyn Winder |author2=Charlie Speight |name-list-style=amp |work=National Security Agency Public Information |date=April 19, 2013 |access-date=May 9, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509043240/http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/_files/Untangling_the_Web.pdf |archive-date=May 9, 2013 }}</ref> written and compiled by NSA employees to assist other NSA workers in searching for information of interest to the agency on the public Internet.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2013/05/nsa-manual-on-hacking-internet/ |title=Use These Secret NSA Google Search Tips to Become Your Spy Agency |last=Zetter |first=Kim |work=Wired Magazine |date=May 9, 2013 |access-date=June 7, 2024 |archive-date=March 22, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140322033915/http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2013/05/nsa-manual-on-hacking-internet |url-status=live }}</ref>