Editing Gulf War (section)

==Media coverage==
{{Main|Media coverage of the Gulf War}}
{{Globalize|section|date=January 2010}}
US policy regarding media freedom was much more restrictive than in the [[Vietnam War]].<ref>[http://www.iraquenewst55.jex.com.br/3+guerra+terrorismo/o+maior+bombardeio+da+historia Guerra/Terrorismo – O maior bombardeio da história] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426005120/http://www.iraquenewst55.jex.com.br/3+guerra+terrorismo/o+maior+bombardeio+da+historia|date=26 April 2012}}, access on 27 November 2011.</ref> The policy had been spelled out in a Pentagon document entitled ''[[Annex Foxtrot]]''. Most of the press information came from briefings organized by the military. Only selected journalists were allowed to visit the front lines or conduct interviews with soldiers. Those visits were always conducted in the presence of officers, and were subject to both prior approval by the military and censorship afterward. This was ostensibly to protect sensitive information from being revealed to Iraq. This policy was heavily influenced by the military's experience with the Vietnam War, in which public opposition within the US grew throughout the war's course. It was not only the limitation of information in the Middle East; media were also restricting what was shown about the war with more graphic depictions like [[Ken Jarecke]]'s image of a burnt Iraqi soldier being pulled from the American AP wire whereas in Europe it was given extensive coverage.<ref name="AJR">{{cite web |year=2007 |url=http://www.ajr.org/article_printable.asp?id=3759 |title=Images of War |publisher=AJR |access-date=20 July 2007 |last=Lori Robertson |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130724001706/http://www.ajr.org/article_printable.asp?id=3759 |archive-date=24 July 2013}}</ref><ref name="BBC.4528745">{{cite news |date=9 May 2005|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4528745.stm|title=Picture power: Death of an Iraqi soldier|work=BBC News|access-date=14 October 2010 |last=Ken Jarecke's account to the BBC World Service programme}}</ref><ref name="FamousPictures">{{cite web |year=2007 |url=http://www.famouspictures.org/iraqi-soldier/|title=Famous Pictures Magazine{{snd}}Iraqi Soldier|publisher=Famous Pictures Magazine|access-date=23 May 2013 |last=Lucas, Dean}}</ref>

Two BBC journalists, John Simpson and [[Bob Simpson (journalist)|Bob Simpson]] (no relation), defied their editors and remained in Baghdad to report on the war's progress. They were responsible for a report which included an "infamous cruise missile that travelled down a street and turned left at a traffic light."<ref>{{cite news |author=Peter Ruff |date=31 July 2006 |title=Obituary: Bob Simpson |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/jul/31/broadcasting.guardianobituaries |access-date=4 September 2011}}</ref>

Alternative media outlets provided views opposing the war.<ref>{{cite web |title=Memória Globo |url=http://memoriaglobo.globo.com/Memoriaglobo/0%2C27723%2CGYN0-5273-256436%2C00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725085143/http://memoriaglobo.globo.com/Memoriaglobo/0%2C27723%2CGYN0-5273-256436%2C00.html |archive-date=25 July 2011 |access-date=2017-03-26}}, access on 29 March 2011.</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Livraria da Folha{{snd}}Livro conta como Guerra do Golfo colocou a CNN no foco internacional{{snd}}08/09/2010 |url=http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/livrariadafolha/794646-livro-conta-como-guerra-do-golfo-colocou-a-cnn-no-foco-internacional.shtml |access-date=13 May 2011 |publisher=.folha.uol.com.br}}</ref><ref>[http://www.colegioweb.com.br/historia/guerra-do-golfo.html A Guerra do Golfo] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130204020203/http://www.colegioweb.com.br/historia/guerra-do-golfo.html|date=4 February 2013}}, accessed on 29 March 2011</ref> Deep Dish Television compiled segments from independent producers in the US and abroad, and produced a 10-hour series that was distributed internationally, called The Gulf Crisis TV Project.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deepdishtv.org/Series/Default.aspx?id=4 |title=Series (The Gulf Crisis TV Project) |date=11 July 2010 |access-date=17 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100711090755/http://www.deepdishtv.org/Series/Default.aspx?id=4 |archive-date=11 July 2010 }}</ref> The series' first program ''War, Oil and Power''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/ddtv_50_war_oil_and_power|title=War, Oil and Power|access-date=17 January 2017|via=Internet Archive}}</ref> was compiled and released in 1990, before the war broke out. ''News World Order'' was the title of another program in the series; it focused on the media's complicity in promoting the war, as well as Americans' reactions to the media coverage.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/ddtv_56_new_world_order|title=News World Order|access-date=17 January 2017|via=Internet Archive}}</ref>

[[Media watchdog]] group [[Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting]] (FAIR) critically analyzed media coverage during the war in various articles and books, such as the 1991 ''Gulf War Coverage: The Worst Censorship was at Home''.<ref name="fair.org.1518">{{cite web |date=April 1991 |url=https://fair.org/extra/gulf-war-coverage/|title=Gulf War Coverage: The Worst Censorship Was at Home|publisher=[[Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting]] (FAIR)|access-date=14 October 2010 |last=Naureckas|first=Jim |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406043739/https://fair.org/extra/gulf-war-coverage/ |archive-date=2016-04-06 |url-status=live}}</ref>